Chapter 19: Growth in the West Section 3: Native Americans fight to survive

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Chapter 19 Growth in the WestSection 3
Native Americans fight to survive
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The BuffaloA 4 legged shopping center
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Uses for the buffalo
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• Hide clothing, tepees, carrying bags, shields
• Horns spoons and other tools
• Belly pails and bowls
• Tail and hooves decoration
• Blood food
• Brains and liver eaten raw right after the kill
• Meat dried for food

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When discussing Native Americans and the West

• Reservation
• Cholera
• Epidemic
• Cavalry
• Massacre are used all the time

• Without knowing all of them does this sound
  positive or negative for the Indians?

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Indians first moved

• West of the Appalachians
• West of the Mississippi River
• Up to the Rockies
• And. Squeezed onto smaller and smaller pieces of
  land

• These Indian territories were seen as buffers
  or barriers between Indians and Whites
• (See next slides)

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What led the Plains Indians to death and/or
reservations?
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One of the worst ways white men affected Native
Americans is by killing most of their buffalo
1913-1938
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Why get rid of all the buffalo?

• Whites used them for food for those people
  building the railroads.
• They would sometimes just shoot the for the fun
  of it (as a sport).
• Or, they would shoot them so they wouldnt get in
  the way of the trains that were starting to pass
  through the West

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Custers Last StandThe Battle of Little
Bighorn
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There ended up being more raids and attacks

• One way to look for peace was to promise Native
  Americans some land on what wed now call
  reservations

(land set aside for Native Americans)
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• One place given to these Native Americans was in
  the Black Hills of South Dakota.
• Until
• the U.S. government found out there was gold
  there, and they wanted it back.

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Two other famous battles

• The Sand Creek Massacre
• Wounded Knee

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Wounded Knee

• On that day, in an atmosphere of mutual
  distrust it took only the firing of one gun to
  begin the brutal killing of most of the 350
  Indian men, women and children. Twenty-five of
  the 492 soldiers and scouts were also killed. It
  has been called both a battle and a massacre, but
  what Wounded Knee has come to symbolize is a
  clash of cultures and a failed government-Indian
  policy its effects still felt even today.

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There were still about 50 times more whites than
Indians

• (And those odds were growing)

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Chief Joseph, Sitting Bull, Geronimo, Red Cloud
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The Dawes Act was passed by Congress to move
Indians to reservations

• It was intended to help out Native Americans
• by teaching them to live more of a lifestyle
  like white farmers did, but you can imagine how
  well that worked

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Chiksika (a Shawnee)

• When a white army battles Indians and wins, it
  is called a great victory, but if they lose it is
  called a massacre.

8-9 on your own
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