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1. ?????????????? (Paleontology) ????????

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Radiometric dating Radiometric dating ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: 1. ?????????????? (Paleontology) ????????


1
???????
2
????????????????????? ???????????????? 4.6
??????????????? ?????????????
3
?????????????? 1. ?????????????? (Paleontology)
???????? 2. ????????? (Fossil) ???????? 3.
?????????????????? (Index fossil) ???????? 4.
????????????????????????????
4
?????????????? (Paleontology) ????????????????????
????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????? ??????????????????????????????????
5
?????????????????????????? (Fossil)
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????? ?????????????????????????????
?????????????? ??????????????????? (mold)
??????????? ???????? ??????? (coal)
?????????????? (petrified wood) ?????????????????
?????????????????????????? ???????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????
6
?????????????????? (Index fossil)
???????????????????????????????????? ?????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?? ???? ????????? (fusulinid) ???? Index fossil
???????? Permian ??????????????????????????? 1.
??????????????? (narrow or restricted
stratigraphic range) 2. ???????????????????
(short-lives) 3. ??????????????????????????? 4.
????????????????????????
7
???????????????????????????? 1.
???????????????????????????????????????????
(geologic correlation) ??????? ???????????????????
????? 2. ?????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????? ???????????????????????????
?????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ????
?????????????????????????????????????????????? 3.
???????????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? 4. ???????????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????? ???????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??? ????????????????????????????????
????????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????
8
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
? 1. ??????????????????????????????? (hard
part) 2. ???????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????? ????????? 3.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????? ?????????????????????
??????????????
9
?????????????????????? 1. Unaltered soft part
?????????????????????????????????????
??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
???????????????? ??????????? mammoth, ??????
(rhinoceros) ????????????????????????????????? 2.
Unaltered hard part ???????????????????????????
??? ?????????????????????? calcium carbonate,
calcium phosphate, silica, complex organic
compounds ??????? 3. Altered hard part
??????????????????????????????????????????
???/???? ???? ????????????? ??????????????????????
??????? ????????????????? ???????????????? ???????
???? ??????????????????????????????????????? 3.1
carbonization 3.2 Permineralization ????
Petrifaction 3.3 Recrystallization 3.4
Dehydration ??? Recrystallization 3.5 Replacement
10
Trace fossil ?????????????????????????????????????
????? ???????????????????? ???????? ???? Trace
fossil ??????? sedimentary structure
????????????? Trace fossil ???????????????????????
?? track, trail, burrow (???????), boring
(????????), coprolite ???????
11
Mold ???????? ?????????????????????????
?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????
????????????????????????????
12
Cast ???????? ???????????????????????????????????
??????????????????????????? ????????????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????
13
Gastrolith ??????????????????????????????????????
??????????????
Coprolite ?????????????
14
Radiometric dating
Parent Daughter Half-life
Uranium-235 Lead-207 0.704 billion years
Uranium-238 Lead-206 4.47
Potassium-40 Argon-40 1.25
Rubidium-87 Strontium-87 48.8
Samarium- 147 Neodymium 143 106
Thorium-232 Lead-208 14.0
Rhenium- 187 Osmium- 187 43.0
Lutetium- 176 Hafnium- 176 35.9
Carbon-14 is a method used for young (less than
50,000 year old) sedimentary rocks C 14
halflife 5730
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