The Age of Pericles

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The Age of Pericles

• Chapter 7, Section 4

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The Athenian Empire

• Even though the Persians retreated, they still
  remained a threat.
• Athens joins with other city-states in 478 B.C.
  to form the Delian League to keep the threat of
  the Persians under control
• Sparta did not join the league.
• Headquarters on the island of Delos.
• Chief officials of the league were from Athens
  and little by little Athens took over.
• Headquarters of the league moved to Athens in 454
  B.C.

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Athenian Empire

• Athenians had a Direct Democracy every citizen
  gathers at a mass meeting and decides and votes
• 43,000 male citizens made up the assembly, but
  usually only 6,000 citizens showed up for the
  meetings, which were held every 10 days. They
  passed laws, elected officials, and made
  decisions on war and foreign affairs.

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• These ruins are of the agora an ancient
  marketplace in Athens where the assembly met.

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• A direct democracy only works for a place with a
  relatively small amount of citizens. Wouldnt
  work for millions of citizens.
• The United States has a Representative Democracy
  citizens choose a smaller group to represent
  them and make laws and decisions for them

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The Achievements of Pericles

• Pericles was the leading general in Athenian
  politics after the Persian wars for nearly 30
  years.
• He treated the other city-states like subjects,
  demanding loyalty and payments from them.

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The Achievements of Pericles

• Pericles made Athens more democratic.
• He believed that peoples talents were more
  important than their social standing.
• He allowed lower-class male citizens to run for
  public office.
• He paid officeholders.
• Even poor citizens could be a part of running the
  government.

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Statueof Pericles
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• Culture blossomed under the rule of Pericles.
• Pericles rebuilt new temples and statues in
  Athens
• He supported artists, architects, writers and
  philosophers
• Philosophers are thinkers who ponder questions
  about life

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Daily Life in Athens

• By 400s B.C., Athens was the largest city-state
• Men - worked in morning, politics in the
  afternoon and evenings, upper-class men enjoyed
  all male gatherings where they drank, dined and
  discussed politics and philosophy

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Daily Life in Athens

• C. Women
• 1. Home/family
• 2. Married at 14 or 15
• 3. Helped with fields or market
• 4. Upper class women stayed home
• 5. No school, but many learned to read and write
• 6. Aspasia famous woman, taught public
  speaking, writers, helped shape Platos ideas

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Daily Life in Athens

• D. Slavery
• 1. Slavery was normal
• 2. Most had at least one slave
• 3. Depended on the slave labor

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Daily Life in Athens

• E. Athenian Economy (money)
• 1. farming and herding
• 2. located on trade route

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Peloponnesian War

• A. Sparta weakened by earthquakes and revolt of
  the helots
• B. Athens gained more power, tribute paid to
  them
• C. Corinth and Thebes became allies with Sparta
• D. War broke out, and lasted about 25 years

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Peloponnesian War

• E. Pericles Funeral Oration
• 1. Public funeral for those who died in battle
• 2. Pericles gave a speech to the Athenians
• 3. The power of democracy, courage to keep
  fighting
• 4. The speechs ideas are still important to
  democratic nations today

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Peloponnesian War

• F. Athens good navy,
• G. Sparta good army
• H. Athenians hid behind the city walls
• 1. Disease killed more that 1/3 of the crowded
  city
• 2. Pericles killed by disease

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Peloponnesian War

• I. Persians helped Sparta build navy
• J. Spartans crushed Athenians, broke up empire
• K. Results
• 1. Winners and loser weakened
• 2. Farms destroyed
• 3. Many left jobless

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Peloponnesian War

• 4. Spartan empire formed
• 5. Spartan empire fell
• 6. All city-states grew weaker
• 7. Kingdom of Macedonia grew more powerful
• L. Thucydides Major Greek historian

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