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Architecture Examples And Hierarchy

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Samuel Njoroge Architecture Examples and Hierarchy - Overview Architecture Levels Bus interconnection and Bridging Controller chips System Level architecture Board ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Architecture Examples And Hierarchy


1
Architecture Examples And Hierarchy
  • Samuel Njoroge

2
Architecture Examples and Hierarchy - Overview
  • Architecture Levels
  • Bus interconnection and Bridging
  • Controller chips
  • System Level architecture
  • Board level architecture
  • Chip Level architecture

3
What are the architectural ranges?
Microsocopic an integrated chip
Macroscopic Entire Computer System
4
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5
Some Architectural terms
  • System This is the complete computer it
    includes CPU, memory and I/O devices. System
    architecture describes the interconnection of
    components and buses
  • Board Individual circuit board that forms part
    of a computer. Board architecture describes the
    interconnection of chips and the interface to the
    bus
  • Chip Individual integrated chip that is used on
    a circuit board. Chip architecture describes the
    interconnection of functional units and gates
  • Bus Subsystem that transfers data and power
    between computer components
  • Functional Unit An entity of hardware capable of
    accomplishing specified purpose.

6
System level Architecture of PC
  • Interconnections
  • High Speed Buses -
  • For functional units requiring high speed
  • Low speed buses
  • For functional units requiring low seed
  • Functional Units
  • Processor
  • Memory
  • I/O Interfaces

7
Bus Interconnection and Bridging
  • To interconnect buses we use Bridging
  • With Bridge technology we can have multiple
    bridges
  • Bridge technology enables backward compatibility
    (.e.g. old I/O devices can be used with new
    processor

8
Example of bridging
  • A processor uses Peripheral Component
    Interconnect Bus (PCI)
  • I/O devices uses Industrial Standard Architecture
    (ISA).
  • These buses are incompatible and cannot be
    connected
  • Solution use Bridge Technology.

9
Physical Architecture of Bridge
  • Design of bridge is complex
  • The architecture of the Bridge uses special
    controllers Controller Chips
  • Separates high speed and low speed units onto
    separate chips.
  • A controller can also provide an illusion of a
    bus

10
Example of PC architecture
  • Two Controller chips
  • A). Northbridge Chip-
  • Processor, Memory
  • Advanced Graphic port (AGP).
  • B.) Southbridge Chip-
  • LAN interface, PCI Bus,
  • Printer and Input Ports

11
PC controller layout
12
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13
Board Level Architecture
  • For Board level Architecture Ill use an example
    of a LAN Interface
  • LAN Interface
  • Connect computer to a Network
  • Transmit data between computers and network
  • Comprised of an individual circuit board with
    Processor and memory.

14
Board Level Architecture LAN Interface.
  • SRAM
  • Highest Speed
  • Used for Instructions. DRAM
  • Lower Speeds
  • Used for data transfer

15
Chip Level Architecture Intel Network Processor
  • Chip Level Architecture shows us the internal
    design of an integrated circuit that are
    concealed in a board level architecture

16
Example of the functional units on a Chip
17
Summary
  • Architecture level of a system can be viewed at
    several layers of abstraction
  • System architecture shows the entire computer
    system
  • Board Architecture shows individual circuit board
  • Chip architecture shows Individual integrated
    circuit
  • Functional unit architecture shows individual
    functional unit on integrated circuit.

18
Works Cited.
  • http//www.eca.cs.purdue.edu/
  • http//www.cstp.umkc.edu/mullinsj/cs282/
  • Essentials of Computer Architecture
  • Douglas E. Corner
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