Exploring Multicore-based Hardware/Software Architectures for Mobile Edge Computing Device

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Exploring Multicore-based Hardware/Software
Architectures for Mobile Edge Computing Device

• IMPACT Lab
• Arizona State University

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Outline

• Mobile edge computing, mobile edge computing
  devices (MECD)
• Wireless sensor network (WSN) applications
• Desirable MECD features
• Explore multi-core architectures for MECD

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Wireless Sensor Network Hierarchy
Back-end servers MECD Mobile edge computing
device Networked Sensors
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WSN Applications

• Botanical garden (Ken)
• Ayushman (Krishna)
• Smart container (Guofeng)
• Kids network (Su)
• Pay attention to
• Structure hierarchy
• Potential term project topic

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Botanical Garden
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Physical layer impact

• High temperatures reduce transmission range. 8 dB
  at 65 C.
• No WiFi farther out. Extension requires
  self-powered nodes. Solar power 1,2
• Node power consumption. How to measure?

1 http//www.ee.ucla.edu/kansal/papers/sensys_h
su_05.pdf 2 http//camalie.com/WirelessSensing/W
irelessSensors.htm
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Operating system projects

• TinyOS vs. Contiki comparison
• Both run on Tmote
• Contiki adds protothreads and dynamic program
  swapping
• TinyOS documentation
• Hardware abstraction MSP430, AVR128L CC1000,
  CC2420

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Ayushman

• Rationale
• Aging Population
• Increasing healthcare cost
• Shortage of medical personnel
• Goals
• Remote health monitoring (HM)
• Test-bed for HM systems
• Employ off-the-shelf components
• Wireless biosensors
• Wearable/in-vivo
• Desirable Properties
• Self-configuring
• Real-time
• Scalable
• Challenges
• Integration of diverse technologies

Vision
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Kids Networks

• Su Jin Kim

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Social Science Project

• How childrens social interactions (especially
  preschool) relate to their school success

• Observation
• For 10 seconds, observe a target child
• Identify the peers that he or she is interacting
  with
• Collect data about interactions (e.g. positive
  emotions, negative emotions, aggressive behavior)

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KidNet Project

• Motivation
• Apply it to older children who may not stay in
  the same classroom all day
• Goals
• Record the peers and duration of interacting
• Interacting within some small distance (2-3 ft.)
• Track students location for safety and security
• Advantages
• Automatic, Real-time, Scalable

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Proximity Localization

• Wearable Proximity Sensors
• Detection of proximity
• Duration of proximity

• Localization using fixed nodes
• Location of each child

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Challenges

• Accuracy
• Detecting an object within 2-3 ft.
• Energy
• Should operate at least 10 hours
• Wearable and Safe Devices
• Should not be heavy and hurt kids
• Reliable Communication
• Indoor reflection, blockage etc.
• Scalability
• Need to be expand to an entire school

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Smart Shipping Container

• Rationale
• government needs
• business needs
• Goals
• RFID, environmental sensing, communication, event
  detection,
• Challenges
• mobile, large number, non-technical issues,

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Container architecture
INTER-Container TelosB mote Attached to nearby
containers. Proximity motes form an ad hoc
(multi-hop) inter-container network.
GPS Receiver 1
MICAz mote
Container(s)
External Hosts
Stargate
Internal Wireless Sensor Networks
USB Memory Card
MICAz mote 2.4 GHz
2.4 GHz
51-pin
USB
Stargate Managing Internal network (hardware,
power and security) data processing, routing
outgoing packets to external interface.
Ethernet
Mobile Computing Computers at point of work
(Handhelds) at the Data Center. Held by custom
officers and load/unload workers. Querying
current and historical data and DB downloading
from the logging systems.
Enterprise Servers Computers at the Data
Center. Collecting real-time data from
containers, managing DB responding to critical
events reported by containers.
802.11
RS232
PCMCIA
Compact Flash
GPRS PCMCIA Modem
802.11 Compact Flash card
Cellular Network
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Container pictures
RFID Reader MicaZ Mote
Stargate
MicaZ
TeloB
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Mobile Edge Computing Device (MECD)

• Back-end servers
• High computing power
• Global decision/policy maker
• Interface to users
• Physically fixed
• MECD
• Mobile
• Unmanned
• Comm. with server sensors
• via multiple types of networks
• Dealing with large amount of
• sensors
• Networked Sensors
• Large number
• Mobile
• Small form factor
• Sensing and limited wireless
• comm. capability

Scalable reliable
Low system cost, flexible
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Desirable MECD Features

• High processing power
• Localized data processing
• Database management
• Event detection
• Alert generation
• Distributed infrastructure management
• Security
• Reliability
• Real-time
• Power efficiency
• Network management
• self-configurable, self-diagnostic, self-healing
• ZigBee, WiFi, WiMAX, Bluetooth, GPRS and Ethernet

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Desirable MECD Features (contd)

• Low power consumption
• Mobile unmanned
• Virtualization
• Integrating various types of sensors from
  different vendors
• MultiOS
• Ease of development
• Low cost

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Exploring Multi-core Architectures

• High processing power
• Low power consumption
• Low cost

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Multi-core processor high processing power

• Homogenous (symmetric)
• Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)
• Heterogeneous Dedicated cores and diverse
  special purpose cores for hardware acceleration
• Data processing
• Distributed management
• Network protocol
• VPRO

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Multi-core processor low power consumption

• Reduced dynamic power
• Each processor core can be individually turned on
  or off
• Each processor core can run at its own optimized
  supply voltage and frequency
• Fine-grain ultra fine-grain power management
  and dynamic voltage and frequency scaling
• Dynamic task assignment

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Multi-core processor low cost

• Reduced hardware
• SDR (software defined radio) enabled by a
  multi-core processor

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Approach Deliverable

• Approach
• Design analysis to improve the understanding of
  multi-core processors application to MECDs
• Deliverable
• We will answer the following fundamental
  questions
• A set of feasible multi-core based architectural
  designs that addresses the emerging requirements
  for MECDs
• An optimal multi-core based architecture (in
  terms of both computing and communication
  addressing multiple types of networks and
  topology) for MECDs
• Challenges and restrictions of using multi-core
  processors in MECDs

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RA Opportunity

• Motivated graduate student
• Strong problem solving skills
• Talk to Dr. Gupta