The anatomy of the periodic table

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The anatomy of the periodic table

• Get out your periodic tables
• Know where the following are on your periodic
  table (p.t)
• Group A
• Group B
• Metals
• Nonmetals
• Metalloids (Semimetals)
• Note - aluminum is not considered a metalloid

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The anatomy of the periodic table

• Know where the following are on your periodic
  table (p.t) continued
• Transition metals
• Inner transition metals
• Alkali metals
• Alkaline metals
• Halogens
• Noble gases

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Naming Molecular Compounds

• Molecules are made up of nonmetals
• Prefixes are used to represent numbers of atoms.
  See your text for prefixes
• Binary compounds end in -ide
• Examples
• Name? - Cl2O8 and OF2
• Formula for? - dinitrogen tetroxide
• Answers - dichlorine octoxide, oxygen difluoride,
  N2O4

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Naming Molecular Compounds

• Your turn. Try these.
• Name or write the formula for
• Boron trichloride
• Dinitrogen tetrahydride
• N2O5 PF5 S4N2 CCl4 SO3
  H2O
• Answers
• BCl3 N2H4 dinitrogen pentoxide
• Phosphorus pentafluoride
• Tetrasulfur dinitride
• Carbon tetrachloride Sulfur Trioxide
• Dihydrogen Monoxide

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Take ten minutes and work a few problems on the
Naming covalent compounds side of your
worksheet.
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Ions

• An atom that carries a charge
• The charge on the ion is called the Oxidation
  state or Oxidation Number
• Cation - positively charged atom
• Metals form cations
• CATions are PAWsitive
• Anion - negatively charged atom
• Nonmetals form anions

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Naming Cations

• Name the metal followed by the word ion
• Example
• Na - sodium - neutral element
• Na1- sodium ion - cation of the element
• Another example
• Mg - magnesium Mg2 - Magnesium ion

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Naming Anions

• Ending changes are used for Anions
• Elemental anions will end in -ide
• Example
• Cl2 - chlorine - neutral element
• Cl1- - chloride - anion of the element
• Another example
• O2 - oxygen O2- Oxide

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Writing Formulas for Binary Ionic Compounds

• The periodic table tells you the charge for group
  A (aka - the representative elements)
• Group 1A - 1 Group 2A - 2
• Group 3A - 3 Group 4 - depends
• Group 5A - 3- Group 6A - 2-
• Group 7A - 1- Group 8A or (0) - does not
  form ions

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Naming

• Your turn
• Name or write the symbol for the following
• Aluminum Phosphide
• Calcium Ion Iodine
• Ga3 Nitrogen
• K Sulfide

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Naming Binary Ionic Compounds

• Name the metal then the nonmetal with the ending
  changing to -ide
• The -ide tells the person it is a binary compound
  and the anion portion.
• Examples MgCl2 K2S
• Magnesium Chloride Potassium Sulfide

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Writing Formulas for Binary Ionic Compounds

• All compounds are electrically neutral
• To write the formula, figure out how many cations
  and anions are needed so that the number of
  positives and negatives are equal. Find the least
  common multiple to figure out the total number of
  s and -s. Then divide by the charge to find
  out how many of each atom is needed!
• If X1 and Y2-, what would be the formula?
• X2Y - Charges total 2 s and 2 -s

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Writing Formulas for Binary Ionic Compounds

• If X3 and Y2-, what would be the formula?
• X2Y3 - Charges total 6 s and 6 -s
• Find the formula for the following pairs of ions
• Na1 , P3- Sr2 , N3-
• Answers Na3P Sr3N2

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• Now
• Finish side 1 of worksheet
• Work sections 1 - 4 on back of worksheet
• Work homework problems

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