How did ideas travel from Italy to the rest of Europe?

1
How did ideas travel from Italy to the rest of
Europe?

• ?

2

• What do you notice about the Northern border of
  Italy?
• Passages in the Alps allowed for ideas to pass
  through by people carrying examples of work.
• Many individuals also came to Italy to study.

3
How did technology allow ideas to spread?
4
The importance of being Gutenberg

• In about 1440, the German goldsmith Johannes
  Gutenberg developed movable type. Gutenberg made
  separate pieces of metal type for each character
  to be printed.
• The same pieces of type could be used again and
  again, to print many different books. Printing
  soon became the first means of mass
  communication.

5
Question Which is faster?

• Before Gutenberg
• People copied books by hand or used wood carvings
  to make multiple copies books.

• After Gutenberg
• People used the printing press to print multiple
  copies of manuscripts.

Hmm which is faster? Copying by hand or with
Gutenbergs machine?
6
How fast are you?

• Use the space on your worksheet to copy the
  Machiavelli quote below as many times as you can
  in two minutes
• Having proposed to myself to treat of the kind
  of government established at Rome, and of the
  events that led to its perfection, I must at the
  beginning observe that some of the writers on
  politics distinguished three kinds of government,
  viz. the monarchical, the aristocratic, and the
  democratic and maintain that the legislators of
  a people must choose from these three the one
  that seems to them the most suitable.
• Niccolo Machiavelli, The Edific of Power

7
Renaissance Art in Northern Europe

• Should not be considered an appendage to
  Italian art.
• But, Italian influence was strong.
• Painting in OIL, developed in Flanders, was
  widely adopted in Italy.
• The differences between the two cultures
• Italy ? change was inspired by humanism with its
  emphasis on the revival of the values of
  classical antiquity.
• Northern Europe ? change was driven by religious
  reform, the return to Christian values, and the
  revolt against the authority of the Church.
• More princes kings were patrons of artists,
  rather than the church.

8
Characteristics of Northern Renaissance Art

• The continuation of late medieval attention to
  details.
• Tendency toward realism naturalism less
  emphasis on the classical ideal.
• Interest in landscapes.
• More emphasis on middle-class and peasant life.
• Details of domestic interiors.
• Great skill in portraiture.

9
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Wife(Wedding
Portrait) Jan Van Eyck1434
10
Jan van Eyck - Giovanni Arnolfini His Wife
(details)
11
The Writers of the North

• Erasmus of Rotterdam
• Erasmus was the most important humanist from the
  Northern Renaissance.
• Even though the Christian message is paramount in
  Erasmus works, he blends his writings with moral
  and social concerns.
• In addition, Erasmus also was committed to
  educating youth and studying ancient texts.

12
The Legacy of Erasmus

• - Erasmus is known for his book The Praise of
  Folly in which a mythological female figure in
  jesters garb is used to criticize everything in
  Erasmus world
• Things Erasmus thinks are wrong include
  corruption, self-indulgent monks, pompous
  schoolteachers, and ignorant theologians and
  those which Erasmus considered holy sacrificing
  oneself to God and trusting religion.

13
Thomas More

• Wrote Utopia in 1516
• Means no place, in Greek
• Tried to show a better model of society
• Imaginary land where there is no greed,
  corruption or war

14
To be or not to be that is the question

• William Shakespeare
• was an English poet and playwright widely
  regarded as the greatest writer of the English
  language, as well as one of the greatest in
  Western literature, and the world's pre-eminent
  dramatist.
• Wrote about thirty-eight plays and 154 sonnets,
  as well as a variety of other poems. Already a
  popular writer in his own lifetime, Shakespeare's
  reputation became increasingly celebrated after
  his death and his work adulated by numerous
  prominent cultural figures through the centuries.
  
• In addition, Shakespeare is the most quoted
  writer in the literature and history of the
  English-speaking world.

Can you quote Shakespeare?
15
(No Transcript)