Renaissance

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Renaissance

• Honors World History (B)
• Coach Simmons
• Main Ideas Cultural Interaction, Religion, and
  Revolution

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What was the Renaissance?

• What happened before?
• Renaissance rebirth of art and learning
• Starting place was northern Italy
• Characteristics
• Individual
• Classical
• Religion
• City-states places of exchange

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Why Italy?

• Three reasons for quick spread of renaissance
• City-states trade, idea exchange
• Merchant class success in business not
  inheritance
• Classical heritage Greek/Roman traditions

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Classical and Worldly Values

• Humanism human potential and achievements
• Study of the Humanities
• Pleasure w/o offending God
• Secular society worldly rather than spiritual
• Patrons for the arts

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Renaissance Art

• Renaissance Man (p.39)
• Michelangelo David
• Donatello - sculptures
• Leonardo Mona Lisa
• Rapheal School of Athens
• Realism perspective, shadowing, indiviualism

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Page 44-45
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Renaissance Literature

• Use of vernacular native language
• Dante Divine Comedy
• Petrarch Father of Humanism
• Machiavelli The Prince (p.42)
• Self-expression and individualism

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Review Questions

1. Which one of Italys advantages was most
   important in starting the Renaissance? Why?
2. Compare Medieval period to he Renaissance?
3. What is a modern day example of a Renaissance
   Man?

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Spread of Renaissance Ideas

• Realism and Humanism took different character in
  the North
• Christian Humanism education in traditional
  values
• Social Reform Utopia or ideal place (p.48)
• Sexual Equality and Christine De Pizan (p.48)

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Northern Renaissance

• Shakespeare view of human nature (p.49)
• Johann Gutenberg and the printing press
• Bible was first mass produced work
• Challenges Different languages and illiteracy
  rate

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Renaissance Legacy

• Artistic and Social Change
• Led to democratic ideas
• Questioning of political structures and religion
• Idea of Indiviualism

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Review Questions

1. How was society changed?
2. How did Renaissance ideas spread so quickly?
3. What modern innovation can be compared to the
   printing press?
4. In what ways did the printing press (publishing)
   effect the everyday lives of people?

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Religious Reformation

• Causes
• Criticism of church practices
• Monarchs Greed
• Denial of papal authority
• Excessive Church wealth (taxes)
• Church corruption

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Early Leaders of Reformation

• Desiderius Erasmus Humanism
• John Wycliffe Denied papal authority
• Martin Luther 95 Theses selling of
  indulgences
• Luthers Teachings
• Faith by salvation alone not good works
• Bible is Gods authority on earth
• All are equal, no interpretation of Bible needed

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Catholic Response

• All no conformists are heretics
• Threatened excommunication
• Peasant Revolt formation of Lutheranism
• Protestant Faith was formed (p.57)
• First true Challenge to Churchs authority since
  its conception
• Peace of Augsburg decision of ruler on
  territory's faith

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English Reformation

• Henry VIIIs quest for a son
• Popes refusal to annul marriage
• Parliament passing of the Act of Supremacy
• The fate of Anne Boleyn
• Henrys offspring created turmoil for years
  Mary, Elizabeth, Edward

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Elizabeth I

• Restored Protestantism
• Creation of the Anglican Church (mixture)

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Review Questions

1. How did Henrys escapades led to future
   governmental turmoil?
2. Why did people begin to question the church?
3. How is corruption related to power?

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Calvinism

• Reformation in Switzerland
• Christians sinful by nature led to idea of
  predestination
• Only the elect are saved by God
• Presbyterians closely related
• Theocracy church leaders should rule government

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Other Reformers

• Biblical interpretation led to formation of new
  sects
• Anabaptists re-baptism (radical idea)
• Narrowing of womens religious roles (p.64)

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Catholic Reformation

• Pressure to reform
• Ignatius of Loyola Jesuits
• Founded Catholic schools
• Convert to Catholicism (missionaries)
• Stop spread of Protestantism
• Council of Trent only gave into selling of
  indulgences
• Reforming Popes Paul III, Paul IV

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Reformation Legacy

1. Left cultural divisions in Europe
2. Emphasis on Education
3. Monarchs gained power
4. Developed nations
5. Increased idea of questioning status quo

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Review Questions

1. How did the reformation set stage for the modern
   world?
2. Do you think church leaders should be involved in
   politics?
3. What role does religion play in politics today,
   if any?