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Demand Driven Vocational Training; Certification

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Title: Demand Driven Vocational Training; Certification


1
  • Demand Driven Vocational Training
    Certification Recognition of Skills
  • Situation Analysis India
  • Presentation by Y.P. Sharma
  • Director
    (Trg.)
  • DGET
  • Yp_2007_at_yahoo.com
  • Ministry of Labour Employment
  • http//dget.gov.in

2
Main Focus
  • Situation Analysis India
  • Labour Market Oriented Vocational Training
  • Skill Upgradation Vertical Mobility
  • Benchmarking of Skills Recognition for Skill
    Mobility

3
Situation Analysis- India Vocational Education
(VE) Vocational Training (VT)
  • Internationally, the terms Vocational Education
  • and Vocational Training are used
    interchangeably
  • or the use of combined term- Vocational
    Education and Training (VET).
  • In Indian Context- education and training
  • have been traditionally separated.

4
  • Vocational Education (VE) Vocational Training
    (VT) in India
  • Vocational Education refers to vocational
    courses being offered in schools for Grades 11
    and 12 students under a Centrally Sponsored
    Scheme 'Vocationalization of Secondary
    Education. Ministry of Human Resource
    Development (MHRD ) has overall responsibility.
  • Vocational Training is offered through separate
    training institutes set up for the purpose
    .Ministry of Labour Employment has over all
    responsibility .

5

National Vocational Training System(NVTS) Manageme
nt Structure National State Level
  • Vocational Training is a concurrent subject
  • DGET is the nodal department for formulating
    policies, laying down standards, curriculum
    development, affiliation of institutes/ courses,
    trade testing and certification.
  • Two tripartite bodies, viz. The Central
    Apprenticeship Council (CAC) and the National
    Council for Vocational Training (NCVT) advise
    Central Government on various aspects of VT
  • Corresponding State Councils advise the State
    Governments in respect of vocational training at
    State level.
  • The State Governments are responsible for
    implementation of Vocational Training Programmes
    at the State level .

6

National Vocational Training System
(NVTS) Management Structure National State Level
  • State Government Departments deliver
    vocational training through -
  • Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs)- under the
    administrative and financial control of the
    respective State Government .
  • Industrial Training Centers (ITCs)- privately
    funded and managed (some get support from State
    Governments)

7

National Vocational Training System(NVTS) Vocatio
nal Training for school leavers
  • Craftsmen Training Scheme (CTS)
  • Vocational Training is offered through more that
    5000 institutes (ITIs/ITCs) in 107 trades for
    student with 8th to 12th class pass duration
    6 months to 3 years .
  • ITI Graduates after completion of training and
    qualifying the Trade Test are awarded National
    Trade Certificate (NTC) and perceived as
    semi-skilled workers
  • Apprenticeship Training Scheme (ATS )
  • Shop floor training is offered through 20,700
    establishments in 153 trade for student with 8th
    to 12th class qualification and ITI Certificate
    holders duration 6 months to 4 years .
  • Trainees after qualifying the Trade Test are
    awarded National Apprenticeship Certificate (NAC)
    and perceived as skilled workers

8
National Vocational Training Scheme
  • In-service Training
  • Long term , Short term tailor made courses are
    offered at specialized institutes set up by
    Govt. of India at selected ITI s .
  • Women Training
  • 25 seats reserved in general ITI s.
  • One National and 10 Regional Institutes for
    women offering Basic, Advanced Instructor
    Training .
  • Women ITIs/Wings - 837 with 47,000 seats
  •  

9
Routes to Skills Progression for School leavers
  • ITI graduates may enter as Trade Apprentices
    and qualify as skilled workers.
  • Vertical mobility for ITI graduates -
    provision for lateral entry in second year have
    been kept in Diploma Courses offered at
    Polytechnics .
  • Vocational Education graduates may enter as
    Technician Apprentices under Apprenticeship
    Training Scheme .

10

Routes to Skills Progression for workers
  • Industrial workers upgrade their skills through
    short term training programmes offered at DGET
    field Institutes and selected ITIs in
    specialized areas.
  • These trained workers are perceived to be highly
    skilled
  • Various Ministries at Central and State level
    are also providing specialized training to
    workers as per the requirement.

11
National Skill Standards(NSS) and their importance
  • NSS are set up primarily to specify the minimum
    skill and knowledge requirements that the workers
    are expected to possess in specific occupational
    areas .
  • Used as a tool for unifying all training
    programmes, training standards, training material
    .
  • A National skill testing and certification system
    can be establish.
  • Acceptable means of assessing the competency of
    skilled manpower.
  • Mobility and opportunities in terms of employment
    and promotion with in the country and abroad.
  • NSS for 107 trades under CTS 153 trades for
    ATS are developed and in force.

12
Demand Driven Vocation Training- present scenario
  • New trades are introduced regularly to ensure
    that skilled man power is available in employable
    emerging areas .
  • Unpopular trades not relevant to the market needs
    are deleted .
  • Periodic review updation of course curricula
    involving experts from Industry.

13
Demand Driven Vocational Training- present
scenario Centres of Excellence (Coe)
  • 500 ITIs (100 from domestic and 400 with
    World Bank assistance) are being upgraded into
    Centre of Excellence . The highlights of the COEs
    are
  • flexible multi-entry/ multi-exit, multi-skilling
    modular courses as per the needs of
    Industry
  • active participation of Industry at every stage
    for development of COE viz from assessment of
    training needs , development of Curricula,
    selection of trainees to testing of trainees and
    assisting in placement of ITI graduates

14

National system of Testing Certification
Testing and Certification (Skills acquired
through formal training )
  • A well established trade testing certification
    system in the country.
  • 28 All India Trade Tests held annually for
    different levels.
  • Trainees of ITIs/ITCs and trade Apprentice in
    companies are subjected to trade tests at the
    national Level .
  • Written and Practical test , Question Papers are
    prepared involving trade experts from Industry
  • Test papers moderation by academicians.
  • National Trade Certificate and National
    App.Certificate are awarded under the aegis of
    NCVT to ITI Graduates and Trade Apprentices
    respectively.

15

National Vocational Training System
(NVTS) Recognition- employability perspective
  • Certificates awarded under CTS and ATS are
    recognized qualification for employment under
    States and Central Government deptts /
    Undertakings .
  • National Certification has credibility both with
    in the country abroad .
  • Industrial workers after skill upgradation are
    awarded certificates at the institute level,
    which is recognized by sponsoring organization. .

16
National Skill Competition - need to participate
in World Skill
  • Skill Competition for Craftsmen -- 13 trades
    once a year
  • Skill Competition for Apprentices 15 trades -
    twice a year -local, regional All India Level
    .
  •      Awards
  • Best Craftsmen , Best Apprentices - Merit
    certificates Cash price.
  • Best State Certificate of Merit running
    shield
  • Best Establishment - Certificate of Honour from
    the Honble President of India running trophy
    .
  • Work Skills Competitions conducted jointly by
    DGET CII once a year in nine trades for
    its member industries .
  • .

17
World Skills Competition - Participation
  • No Participation at international level .
  • India decided to become member of World Skill
    participate in Worldskills Competition .
  • Work skill competition jointly conducted by DGET
    CII are being modified in line with Worldskills
    competitions .
  • Experienced gained would be useful for
    reorienting the training programme offered in the
    country to make it world class.

18
Vocational Training in Informal Sector
  • In India , a large number of workers have
    acquired skills in an informal manner
  • Family tradition/ occupation or by virtue of
    being in employment in a particular trade for a
    long time.
  • The skills acquired are in varying areas of
    activities
  • The size of the informal economy in India is
    large and about 93 of the total work force is
    engaged in the informal economy.
  • Lack of testing certification of their levels
    of skill
  • attainment results in stagnation without
    any scope for elevation.

19

Testing and Certification Initiatives for
recognizing informal learning
  • Need for introducing system for Testing
    Certification of skills acquired informally
  • Initiative for Testing and Certification of
    skills of workers who have not undergone any
    formal institution training was taken up.
  • Implemented through 3 approved agencies/bodies
    and 17 State Governments
  • Competency based skill standards have been
    developed for 47 skill areas mainly for
    construction sector .

20

New strategies Skill Development for informal
sector
  • To provide skill training to, economically weaker
    section less educated persons - a new
    framework for skill development is being
    evolved. Competency oriented employable skill
    training will be offered on modular basis.
  • The scheme envisaged to train and certify 1
    million persons in five years in employable
    skills .
  • Thereafter 1 million people will be trained every
    year .
  • These acquired qualifications will be expressed
    in terms of learning outcomes. For skill
    progression of this target group a national
    qualification frame work is being evolved.

21
ILO recommendation 195 on frame work for
recognition and certification of skills adopted
by the ILO conference at ninety second session
Geneva,17th June,2004
  • Measures should be adopted , in consultation with
    the social partners and using a national
    qualification framework, to promote the
    development, implementation and financing of a
    transparent mechanism for the assessment ,
    certification and recognition of skills including
    prior learning and previous experience,
    irrespective of the countries where they were
    acquired and whether acquired formally or
    informally .
  • Such as assessment methodology should be
    objective, non discriminatory and linked to
    standards.
  • The national framework should include a credible
    system of certification which will ensure that
    skills are portable and recognized across sectors
    industries , enterprises and educational
    institutions.
  • Special provisions should be designed to ensure
    recognition and certification of skills and
    qualifications for migrant workers.

22
Skill mobility
  • Globalization of trade and employment has brought
    in a qualitative change world over.
  • Mass movement of people across the national
    boundaries
  • Manpower has become a potent force as a good
    source of foreign exchange earning and
    regeneration of economic growth .
  • People are also migrating with a view to
    upgrading their skills.
  • India has a vast reservoir of skilled,
    semi-skilled and unskilled manpower .
  • India being young country, larger number of
    Indians can emigrate to other countries for work
    if they are given proper training, counseling and
    reorientation.

23
Skill mobility Issues
  • Development of National Qualification framework
    including certification which will ensure that
    skills are portable and recognized across
    boundaries .
  • Mutual recognization of Qualification framework
    and harmonization of skill standards .
  • Obstacle free mobility of workers .
  • Raising skill levels of Indian workers .

24
Skill mobility Approach
  • Development of National Qualification
    framework
  • A Nationally agreed framework that would guide
    and reflect the agreement of stake holders
    required to be developed.
  • Such Framework will act as a bridge between
    different national systems of acquiring skills
    and facilitate transparency, mobility and
    progression of different levels of skilled people
    working in and outside the country.

  • 1/4

25
Skill mobility Approach
  • Mutual recognition of Qualification and
    harmonization of skill standards
  • Projection of employable areas and development
    of acceptable skills standards
  • Cooperation agreement with partner countries for
    a coherent framework of qualification.
  • Mechanism to acquire skill needed and get it
    certified by appropriate authority.


  • 2/4

26
Skill mobility approach
  • Obstacle/ barrier free mobility of workers
  • Mutual recognition of qualifications .
  • Avoid discrimination while evaluating the foreign
    countries qualification .
  • ( In practice national qualifications are
    considered superior)
  • Build up mutual trust and confidence through
    regular contacts
  • Easy/ fast track visa to workers having
    recognized qualification

  • 3/4

27
Skill mobility approach
  • Raising skill levels of workers
  • Measures to upgrade Skill standards of workers
    with active participation of stake holders .
  • Measures could include having skills competition
    amongst partner countries .

  • 4/4

28
VISION
  • Skill Capital of the World
  • Re-orientation of the training courses to
    produce workforce of world standards
  • Benchmarking of skills acquired informally
    for Skill mobility of the workforce.

29
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