Development of Advanced Precise Positioning System (APPS) for Automated Geodetic GPS Processing

1
Development of Advanced Precise Positioning
System (APPS) for Automated Geodetic GPS
Processing   

• ICHIKAWA Ryuichi and KOYAMA Yasuhiro
• Kashima Space Research Center, NICT
• Xiong MIN and KANZAKI Masayuki
• Nippon GPS Solution Corporation

2
Overview

• Motivation
• APPS System Description
• APPS Processing Procedure
• Examples of Processing Results
• Concluding Remarks

3
Motivation

• millimeter positioning using GPS Rocken and
  Johnson, 1999
• only geodetic specialist
• multi-hour static data sets
• dual-frequency GPS receiver
• high quality GPS orbit
• earths physical model
• earth rotation parameters
• atmospheric mapping function
• earth tide (solid, ocean, and atmosphere)
• highly sophisticated software
• high level of data processing expertise
• Easy to Use!!
• Our purpose -gt User can get highly accurate
  relative positions using just one GPS receiver
  without any geodetic understandings.

4
Similar Online GPS Processing Services

• AUSPOS
• the Australian Surveying and Land Information
  Group (AUSLIG) Online GPS Processing System,
  Australia
• http//www.ga.gov.au/geodesy/sgc/wwwgps/
• OPUS
• the On-line Positioning User Service provided by
  the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), USA
• http//www.ngs.noaa.gov/OPUS/

5
Comparison with other services
AUSPOS OPUS APPS
User location Anywhere on Earth North and central America Anywhere on Earth
FTP option YES NO YES
Mail service NO NO YES
Web service YES YES Under development
Orbit selection NO NO YES
Tropospheric delay estimation NO NO YES
6
System Descriptions

• APPS works with data collected anywhere on Earth
• Server system
• PC specification
• Dual Xeon CPU (2.8GHz, 1MB L2 cache, 800MHz FSB)
  with 2GB DDR Memory
• OS
• Red Hat Enterprise Linux
• GPS data processing software
• Bernese Ver.4.2 Hugentobler et al., 2001

7
Reference stations for user data processing using
APPS

• International GNSS Service (IGS) tracking
  station more than 340 stations

8
Reference stations for user data processing using
APPS (contd.)

• GEONET
• The Geographical Survey Institute (GSI) of Japan
  is operating the GPS earth observation network
  (GEONET) consisting of more than 1200 continuous
  GPS stations in Japan.

• APPS processes the user data with the data at the
  three most closest stations automatically.
• User can choose any IGS and GEONET stations as
  reference stations manually.

IGS tracking station
9
APPS processing procedure

• GPS observation by user
• To transfer GPS data to APPS server
• by e-mail
• users FTP server
• by WEB site (under development)
• User GPS data is processed by APPS.
• To send back processed results to user
• Processing of multiple data files is available.

10
APPS Processing Procedure (contd.)
Subject FORM for APPS PROCESS Date Wed, 5
Jul 2006 093814 0900 (JST) From APPS
ltapps_at_ryuu.nict.go.jpgt To
_at_XXX.XXX.XX
Hello, I'm automail service in
APPS Thanks to have a contact with me!
If you'd like to use this service,
please notice the format below

header part To apps_at_nict.go.jp Subject
PROCESS body part APPS_BODY_START
TIME_WIND 000000 235959 0 CUT-OFF
15 SAMPLING 120 PRODUCTS
igs FIX_AVE FIXED COMPARE
FTP-PATH ELEV-DEP COSZ MAP_FUNC
DRY_NIELL EST_TRP LINEAR 8 1 OUT_FORM
SNX TRO APPS_BODY_END attachment file
rinex file (????????.??o or ????????.??d)
Time Window 000000-235959 (default) multi-sess
ion is available ex. session 1 0000UT - 0300UT
session 2 0300UT - 0600UT
session 8 2100UT - 2400UT
blank mail
Elevation Cut Off Angle 15 degrees (default)

• IGS products
• Final orbit
• (IGS,COD,EMR,ESA,
• GFZ,IGS,JPL,MIT,NGS)
• Rapid orbit
• (IGR,COR)
• Ultra rapid orbit
• (IGU,COP)

ltUsers replygt gt body part gt
APPS_BODY_START gt TIME_WIND 000000
235959 0 gt CUT-OFF 10 gt SAMPLING
120 gt PRODUCTS igs gt FIX_AVE gt FIXED
GUAM gt COMPARE 0821 0001 0006 0029 gt
FTP-PATH gt ELEV-DEP COSZ gt MAP_FUNC
DRY_NIELL gt EST_TRP NO 24 1 gt OUT_FORM
SNX TRO TRP gt APPS_BODY_END
reply
APPS server at KSRC of NICT, Japan
low elevation weighting COSZ or NO
atmospheric mapping function NMF, Hopfield, and
COSZ

• tropospheric delay estimation
• time interval
• With/wo horizontal gradient

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Result from APPS
within 15 minutes
COORDINATE OUTPUT ----------------- SITE
0053 EPOCH START06/04/09 000000
END06/04/16 235959 TIME_WIND
Lat. (deg.) Lon. (deg.)
Height (m) ---------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------
----------- 06/04/09 000000 - 06/04/09
235959 37.3823753837000 136.8891647626000
51.3813 06/04/10 000000 - 06/04/10
235959 37.3823754627000 136.8891646849000
51.3646 06/04/11 000000 - 06/04/11
235959 37.3823753016000 136.8891647045000
51.4061 06/04/12 000000 - 06/04/12
235959 37.3823753370000 136.8891646803000
51.3937 06/04/13 000000 - 06/04/13
235959 37.3823752764000 136.8891647522000
51.3967 06/04/14 000000 - 06/04/14
235959 37.3823752845000 136.8891647698000
51.3946 06/04/15 000000 - 06/04/15
235959 37.3823753343000 136.8891647068000
51.3929 06/04/16 000000 - 06/04/16
235959 37.3823752517000 136.8891647584000
51.4249 ---------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------
----------- AVERAGE
37.3823753289875 136.8891647274375
51.3944 RMS
0.0000008259062 0.0000019073486
0.0163
SITE1 GUAM SITE2 0001 TIME_WIND
Slope (m) RES
-----------------------------------------------
------------- 06/04/09 000000 - 06/04/09
235959 3493567.1618 0.0030 06/04/10
000000 - 06/04/10 235959 3493567.1697
0.0109 06/04/11 000000 - 06/04/11 235959
3493567.1593 0.0005 06/04/12 000000 -
06/04/12 235959 3493567.1616 0.0028
06/04/13 000000 - 06/04/13 235959
3493567.1540 -0.0048 06/04/14 000000 -
06/04/14 235959 3493567.1549 -0.0040
06/04/15 000000 - 06/04/15 235959
3493567.1581 -0.0008 06/04/16 000000 -
06/04/16 235959 3493567.1513
-0.0076 ----------------------------------------
-------------------- AVERAGE
3493567.1588 RMS
0.0054
APPS server at KSRC, Japan
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Example of Processing Resultusing APPS

• Reference station
• GUAM, TSKB, USUD
• Baseline Length
• Ranging 50 - 3500km
• 8 days data
• Apr. 9 Apr. 16, 2006

TSKB
USUD
GUAM
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Example of Processing Resultsusing APPS (contd.)
TSKB - Mt. Fuji
USUD - Mt. Fuji
14
Example of Processing Resultsusing APPS (contd.)
15
Example of Processing Resultsusing APPS (contd.)
Wakkanai
Wajima
Hamamatsu
GUAM
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Concluding Remarks

• We have developed the APPS.
• The prototype of the APPS is in beta test,
  meaning it is generally available to the
  researchers.
• Please contact richi_at_nict.go.jp or
  koyama_at_nict.go.jp
• Repeatability
• 1-12mm RMS in baseline length
• 1-8mm RMS in horizontal
• 1-25mm RMS in vertical
• Estimation of Tropospheric parameters is
  available.

Acknowledgement We thank the RINEX GPS data used
in this study are supplied by IGS and GEONET of
GSI, Japan.
17
Outlook

• Processing software upgrade
• Bernese Ver.4.2 -gt Ver.5.0
• Precise Point Positioning (PPP)
• Additional model implementation
• Ocean Tide
• NAO99b Matsumoto et al., 2000
• Atmospheric Mapping Function based on the
  numerical weather model
• ex. IMF Niell, 2001, VMF Boehm and Schuh,
  2004
• Additional Output
• Ionosphere information
• total electron content (TEC)
• Experiment using Satellite Internet link (under
  consideration)

18
Communication Satellites for Asia-Pacific regions

• Engineering Test Satellite VIII (ETS-VIII)
• to be launched in 2006
• Mobile communications
• Wideband Internetworking Engineering Test and
  Demonstration Satellite (WINDS)
• to be launched in 2007
• 1.2 Gbps communication