SUBGRADE STABILITY

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SUBGRADE STABILITY and LIME TREATMENT
APPLICATIONS at OMP
Marshall Thompson, P.E. Professor Emeritus
CE University of IL _at_ U-C
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SUBGRADE SOIL PROPERTIES STRENGTH (CBR/QU)
MODULUS RUTTING RESISTANCE
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0.5-INCH RUT / CBR - 6
0.5 INCH / CBR -6
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SOIL COMPACTION
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MATERIAL COMPACTION
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MATERIAL COMPACTION
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MOISTURE DENSITY - CBR

• UofIL / IDOT PROCEDURE
• COMPACT MOLD
• CBR ON FINISHED MOLD

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IMPROVED MATERIAL COVER REQUIREMENTS
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CE CONE PENETROMETER
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CBR CI / 40
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LOG (CBR) 0.84 1.26 LOG (PR) PR Penetration
Ratio (inches/blow)
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Automated Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (ADCP)
University of Illinois ADCP with its data
acquisition system
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MOISTURE DENSITY CONTROL DIFFICULTIES

• DRYING EFFORTS ???
• DRYING DAY ???
• (TEMP / ET)
• DRYING DAYS ??

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MOISTURE CONTROL IS TEMPORARY SOLUTION!!!!!
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EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS
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LIME PRODUCTS
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LIME PRODUCTION (RAW MATERIALS)
CALCITE CaCO3 DOLOMITE Ca CO3 . MgCO3
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QUICKLIME (QL) FINES
SOME QL PARTICLE SIZES ARE ltlt SMALL FOR
HYDRATION PRODUCT QL FINES
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LIME KILN DUST (LKD)
FINELY-DIVIDED DUST FROM THE KILN STACKS
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LKD COMPOSITION Some Kilns (15-20)
QL INERT MATERIAL
INERT MATERIAL (50-70) SiO2 Al2O3 Calcite
/ Dolomite
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CATION EXCHANGE FLOCCULATION AGGLOMERATION
RAPID REACTION !!!!!
ALL FINE-GRAINED SOILS WITH SIGNIFICANT CLAY!!
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NOT ALL FINE-GRAINED SOILS ARE LIME REACTIVE
!!!!
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UNDESIRABLE !!!!!!
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IMMEDIATE EFFECTS
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A-6 (11)
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FLANAGAN-B 36 CLAY PI 21 HOSMER-B 30
CLAY PI-22
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CURING EFFECTS
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CURING _at_ 72F
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CHECK MT. CARMEL SAND GRAVEL
VIDEO (CONSTRUCTION PROCESS)
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• OMP SOIL SAMPLES
• 61 BUCKETS
• CLAY RANKING
• (CHECK PI / CARBONATES)
• VISUAL INSPECTION
• SELECTED BUCKETS
• (FOUR GROUPS)

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Grouping Of Soils
Boring No. Bucket No. Depth Soil Description Clay LL PI Silt
GROUP 1 GROUP 1 GROUP 1 GROUP 1 GROUP 1 GROUP 1 GROUP 1 GROUP 1
MT 14 20 5'-10' Gray SILTY CLAY with Sand 17.6 22 6 54.8
MT 16 17 1'-5' Brown and Gray SANDY LEAN CLAY 19.2 30 17 35.4
MT 4 43 1'-4' Gray LEAN CLAY with sand 22.1 24 8 52.4
MT 3 54 29'-33' Gray SANDY LEAN CLAY 22.1 30 11 39.7
GROUP 2 GROUP 2 GROUP 2 GROUP 2 GROUP 2 GROUP 2 GROUP 2 GROUP 2
MT 3 52 6'-10' Gray SANDY LEAN CLAY 22.8 25 8 44.5
MT 3 51 2'-6' Gray LEAN CLAY with sand 23.5 27 12 49.9
MT 4 44 8'-12' Gray SANDY LEAN CLAY 23.7 24 8 42.9
MT 5 50 33'-36' Gray SANDY LEAN CLAY 25.3 28 10 41.6
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Boring No. Bucket No. Depth Soil Description Clay LL PI Silt
GROUP 3 GROUP 3 GROUP 3 GROUP 3 GROUP 3 GROUP 3 GROUP 3 GROUP 3
MT 5 47 1'-5' Gray LEAN CLAY with sand 29 33 13 43.2
MT 15 32 1'-5' Gray LEAN CLAY with Sand 29.2 24 9 41.4
MT 10 36 1'-5' Gray LEAN CLAY with Sand 29.4 24 11 39.3
MT 13 3 16'-20' Gray LEAN CLAY with sand 29.7 32 17 50
GROUP 4 GROUP 4 GROUP 4 GROUP 4 GROUP 4 GROUP 4 GROUP 4 GROUP 4
MT 17 24 18'-21' Brown and Gray LEAN CLAY with Sand 39.4 41 24 39.7
MT 8 16 30'-34' Brown and Gray LEAN CLAY with Sand 39.7 38 19 43.3
MT 12 12 30'-35' Brown and Gray LEAN CLAY with Sand 41.9 46 26 42.6
MT 6 27 6'-10' Brown and Gray LEAN CLAY with Sand 43.7 44 18 38
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• LIME LAB TESTING PROGRAM
• M-D-CBR (0 5 LIME)
• QU (0 5 LIME)
• (48-HOURS _at_ 12OF)
• RESILIENT MODULUS (0 5 LIME)
• LIME TYPE EFFECT
• LIME EFFECT

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LIME PRODUCTS TYPE QUICKLIME FINES LIME KILN
DUST (LKD) SOURCE BUFFINGTON, IN SOUTH CHICAGO,
IL
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Moisture-Density Results for Group 2 Soils
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CBR Results for Group 2 Soils
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BEST OPTION LIME TREATMENT