Electric Charge

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Electric Charge
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Static Electricity

• All matter is made up of atoms which contain ()
  protons and (-) electrons
• Usually the number of protons number of
  electrons
• Some atoms hold onto their electrons better than
  others

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What happens when I walk on Carpet?

• The electrons from the carpet are loosely held
  and get stuck on your shoes.
• This buildup of electrical charge is called
  static electricity

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Conservation of Charge

• Law of conservation of charge charge can be
  transferred but cannot be created or destroyed

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Opposites Attract

• Charged objects obey two rules
• Opposites attract
• Like charges repel

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Electrical Force at a Distance

• Charged objects exert an electrical field
• This field can move the charges around in objects
  brought near it

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Conductors and Insulators

• Conductors materials that allow electrons to
  move through them
• Metals, skin
• Insulators materials that block the flow of
  electrons through them
• Plastic, wood, rubber, glass

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Transferring Electric Charge

• Charging by contact (Conduction)
• Some materials when rubbed together will become
  charged
• The electrons of one of the objects moves to the
  other object

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• Charging by induction
• Because electrical fields work over a distance if
  a charged object is brought near a neutral
  object, it can induce a charge on the neutral
  object.

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Charged object brought near neutral object
Negative charge of balloon pushes electrons away
causing a positive charge to be left on the
surface
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Lightning

• Swirling clouds and air currents cause a buildup
  of static charge in the clouds
• When the buildup becomes great enough a positive
  charge is induced on the Earth
• Eventually the buildup is so great that the
  electrons travel from the cloud into the Earth to
  neutralize the oppositely charged areas

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Grounding

• Grounding providing a path that allows
  electrical charges to travel directly into the
  Earth rather than traveling through a building

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Detecting Electrical Charge

• Electroscope a device that detects electrical
  charge on an object

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Reflection

• On your notes
• Write a summary of what you learned in class
  today on the bottom
• Write at least 3 questions on the side of your
  notes