Title: Principles of Medical Microbiology
1Principles of Medical Microbiology
- Principles of Infectious Disease
- The Host-Parasite Relationship
- Colonization, Normal Microbiota Symbiotic
Relationships - Pathogenicity and Virulence
- Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
- Epidemiology
- Mechanisms of Immunity
- Beneficial
- Harmful
- Manipulated
- Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
2Principles of Infectious Disease
- The Host-Parasite Relationship
- Colonization and Normal Microbiota
- Permanent residents, transients and
opportunists - Symbiotic Relationships
- Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism
- Pathogenicity and Virulence
- Evolution of parasitism
- Attenuation of virulence
- The Infectious Process
- 1) Exposure Oral, respiratory, parenteral, etc
- 2) Attachment Pili, capsules, proteins, etc
- 3) Colonization Metabolism, replication, avoid
clearance - 4) Tissue Damage Toxins, invasiveness, immune
response
3Principles of Infectious Disease
- The Host-Parasite Relationship
- Colonization and Normal Microbiota
- Permanent residents, transients and
opportunists - Symbiotic Relationships
- Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism
- Pathogenicity and Virulence
- Evolution of parasitism
- Attenuation of virulence
- The Infectious Process
- 1) Exposure Oral, respiratory, parenteral, etc
- 2) Attachment Pili, capsules, proteins, etc
- 3) Colonization Metabolism, replication, avoid
clearance - 4) Tissue Damage Toxins, invasiveness, immune
response
4Colonization
5NormalMicrobiota
6Principles of Infectious Disease
- The Host-Parasite Relationship
- Colonization and Normal Microbiota
- Permanent residents, transients and
opportunists - Symbiotic Relationships
- Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism
- Pathogenicity and Virulence
- -Evolution of parasitism
- -Attenuation of virulence
- The Infectious Process
- 1) Exposure Oral, respiratory, parenteral, etc
- 2) Attachment Pili, capsules, proteins, etc
- 3) Colonization Metabolism, replication,
- avoidance of immune clearance
- 4) Tissue Damage Toxins, invasiveness,
- adverse immune response
7Routes of Exposure
8Attachment
9Colonization
10Avoiding the Immune Response
11Avoiding the Immune Response
12Tissue DamageInvasiveness
13TissueDamageInvasion
14Tissue DamageThe Actionof Exotoxins
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18Epidemiology
- Reservoirs of Agents
- Humans, Animals, Inanimate, Nosocomial
- Transmission of Agents
- Contact, Vectors, Vehicles
- Disease Categories
- Infectious vs contagious Chronological
sequence - Geographical distribution Incidence rates
- Extent of involvement Agents Clinical nature
19NosocomialInfections
20TransmissionHow the MicroorganismsSpread
21Portals of Entry How the agents enter the body
22Incidence
23Emerging Diseases
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25The Immune System
- Functions of the Immune System
- Types of Immune Responses
- Organization of the Immune System
- Innate Defense Mechanisms
- Acquired Defense Mechanisms
- Applied Immunology
- A macrophage
-
26The Immune System
- Functions of the Immune System
- Defense Recognition of
- Homeostasis Recognition of
- Surveillance Recognition of
- Types of Immune Responses
- Humoral Transferred by
- Cellular Transferred by
- Innate First and second line defenses
- Acquired Antigen driven third line defenses
- Recognition, Specificity, Memory
- Organization of the Immune System
- Innate Defense Mechanisms
- Acquired Defense Mechanisms
- Applied Immunology
-
27Epithelial Barriers
28Chemical Barriers
29The Immune System
- Functions of the Immune System
- Types of Immune Responses
- Organization of the Immune System
- Cells
- Phagocytes Neutrophils, macrophages, APCs
- Antigen responsive cells B and T cells
- Tissues
- Primary Bone marrow, thymus
- Secondary Lymph nodes, spleen, diffuse
lymphoid tissue - Molecules
- Enzymes, interferons, complement,
interleukins, antibody - Innate Defense Mechanisms
- Acquired Defense Mechanisms
- Applied Immunology
-
30Hematopoiesis
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32Tissues
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34The Immune System
- Functions of the Immune System
- Types of Immune Responses
- Organization of the Immune System
- Innate Defense Mechanisms
- Phagocytosis
- Inflammation
- Interferon
- Complement
- Acquired Defense Mechanisms
- Applied Immunology
-
35Distribution of Phagocytic Cells
36Phagocytosis
37Inflammation
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39Interferon
40C
41The Immune System
- Functions of the Immune System
- Types of Immune Responses
- Organization of the Immune System
- Innate Defense Mechanisms
- Acquired Defense Mechanisms
- -Humoral vs cellular specific immunity
- -The nature of antigens
- -The nature of antibodies
- -The functions of antibodies
- -Clonal selection
- -Humoral (antibody) immune responses
- -Cellular immune responses
- -Natural killer cells
- Applied Immunology
-
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43Antigens
44Antibodies
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46Functions ofAntibodies
47Passive Transfer of Antibody
48ClonalSelection
49Antibody Production
50Immunity-APCs-Ag Processing-Il-1
Production-Ag Presentation-Th Activation-Il-2
Production-Th Development-Th1 and CMI-Th2 and
Antibody-Tc Developement-Tc Killing
51The Immune System
- Functions of the Immune System
- Types of Immune Responses
- Organization of the Immune System
- Innate Defense Mechanisms
- Acquired Defense Mechanisms
- Applied Immunology
- -Methods of acquiring immunity
- -Vaccination
- -Immunological-based testing
- ELISA assays
- -Clinical immunology
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52Figure 17.1
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58Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
- History
- Ancient, Ehrlich, Domagck
- Terminology
- Antibiotics, Synthetic antibiotics,
Semi-synthetic antibiotics - Properties of Antibiotics
- Selective toxicity, Therapeutic index, Spectrum
of activity - Adverse Reactions
- Toxicity, Allergy, Disrupt normal microbiota,
Resistance - The Ideal Antibiotic
- Mechanism of Action
- Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protozoa, Helminths
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