Unit 3 Review Chapters 2-9 LEP Chapters 1-7 AMSCO

1
Unit 3 ReviewChapters 2-9 LEP Chapters 1-7 AMSCO
2
Journey between Africa and New World20 death
rate

• Middle Passage

Colonial Period
3
Attempt by Puritans to enlarge church membership
in order to include those faithful members who
had not become one of the elect

• Half Way Covenant 1662

4
WHEN (1739) WHAT earliest known organized
act of rebellion against slavery60 to 100
slavesburned houses and killed whitesGet to
FloridaGet FreedomSad endingRESULTLed to
more strict slave codes

• Stono Rebellion

Colonial Period
5
It was a theory of trade stressing that a
nations economic strength (more gold and silver)
depended on exporting more than it imported. It
manifested itself in triangular trade and in laws
passed between the mid-1600s and the mid 1700s,
such as the Navigation Acts (1651-1673), aimed at
fostering British economic dominance.

• Mercantilism

Colonial Period
6
The survival of the Jamestown colony can be most
directly attributed to what??

• Development of Tobacco

Colonial Period
7
This was the first genuine unified movement of
the American colonies

• First Great Awakening

Colonial Period
8
A leader of Protestant Reformation. He
believed in predestination (God had already
decided who was saved).

• John Calvin

Colonial Period
9
He differed from other Puritan ministers in his
emphasis on the individuals private religious
conscience

• Roger Williams

Colonial Period
10
Crops of southern colonies

• (Chesapeake) tobacco, (Carolina and Georgia)
  rice and indigo

Colonial Period
11
Describe how the Europeans regarded Native
Americans in the 1500s and 1600s

• inferior subject to Christian domination

Colonial Period
12
It is often cited as the first example of
self-government in the Americas. The Pilgrims,
having arrived at a harbor far north of the land
that was rightfully theirs, signed it to
establish a civil body politic under the
sovereignty of James I.

• Mayflower Compact

Colonial Period
13
In 1676, a Virginia planter, led a group of 300
settlers in a war against the local Native
Americans. When Virginias royal governor
questioned his actions, he and his men burned and
looted Jamestown. It showed the increasing
hostility between the poor and the wealthy in the
Chesapeake region.

• Bacons Rebellion

Colonial Period
14
The trial of Peter Zenger in New York has been
considered an important step in the development
of what?

• freedom of press

15
As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, he
(1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the
colonys government and shaping its legislative
policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in
present day Boston, as a city upon a hill from
which Puritans would spread religious
righteousness throughout the world.

• John Winthrop

Colonial Period
16
Formation of the Ohio CompanyDesire of
Massachusetts colonists to clear the French out
of CanadaWashington and Braddocks attack on
Fort DuquesneFrench exploration in the Great
Lakes

• French and Indian War

Colonial Period
17
System which granted parcels of land consisting
of about 50 acres to colonists who brought
indentured servants into America. They were used
by the Virginia Company to attract more colonists.

• Headright System

Colonial Period
18
During the French and Indian War, this was a plan
by Ben Franklin calling for colonial unity

• Albany Plan

Colonial Period
19
Define as a person who wished to break away from
the impure Church of England

• Separatist

Colonial Period
20
Winter of (1609-1610) Settlers didnt farm so
they were reduced to eating doggs, Catts, Ratts,
Myce and each other Numbers go from 400 - 60

• Starving times

Colonial Period
21
Majority of people came to America in colonial
period for this reason

• Seek economic gain

Colonial Period
22
This rebellion was a reaction to the westward
movement of English soldiers

• Pontiacs Rebellion

Colonial Period
23
Delegates from different colonies held a protest
meeting in NYSons of Liberty threatened tax
officialsColonists boycotted British
goodsLondon merchants suffered from reduction
in trade

• Stamp Act

AGE OF EXPLORATION
24
Parliaments efforts to improve the profits of
the British East India Company led to this
extreme event

• Boston Tea Party

Colonial Period
25
People have right to revolt against
tyrannyPeople have rights simply because they
are humanSovereignty resides in the
peopleFundamental purpose of govt is to protect
peoples rights

• Enlightenment philosophy

Colonial Period
26
It was the ship that carried the Pilgrims across
the Atlantic from the Netherlands to Plymouth
Plantation in 1620 (the Pilgrims had fled England
to the Netherlands before heading to the New
World).

• Mayflower

Colonial Period
27
Colonists in the NE formed this in 1643 as a
defense against local Native American tribes and
the encroaching Dutch. The colonists formed the
alliance without the English crowns
authorization.

• New England Confederation

Colonial Period
28
This pamphlet dealt with arguments for
independence in mid 1770s

• Thomas Paines Common Sense

Colonial Period
29
He was an English settler in Jamestown. He
married the daughter of the chief of the Native
American Powhatan tribe, Pocahontas, and
introduced the Jamestown colonists to West Indian
tobacco in 1616. Tobacco soon became the
lifeblood of Jamestown colony, bringing in much
revenue and many immigrants eager for a share in
the colonys expanding wealth.

• John Rolfe

Colonial Period
30
Passage of Intolerable Acts led to the
establishment of what political body in colonial
America?

• First Continental Congress

31
An English Quaker, who founded Pennsylvania in
1682, after receiving a charter from King Charles
II the year before. He launched the colony as a
holy experiment based on religious tolerance.

• William Penn

Colonial Period
32
Fishing rights off the coast of CanadaBritish
recognition of US independenceWestern Boundary
on Mississippi River

• Treaty of Paris

Revolutionary America
33
Capitalized on the complaints of his fellow poor
farmers, and went on to lead a rebellion against
local native villages, Successful in defeating
Sir William Berkley's forces, and then set fire
to Jamestown

• Nathaniel Bacon

Colonial Period
34
Farmers revolt in Mass. Against collection of
state taxesStates refusing to honor Treaty of
ParisWorthless paper money printed in many
statesStates restricting trade with one another

• Dissatisfaction with Articles of Confederation

Colonial Period
35
A large estate where cash crops are grown on a
large scale (especially in tropical areas)
THINK Southern Colonies and West Indies

• plantation

Colonial Period
36
Founded in 1636 by Thomas Hooker because of
previous religious disagreements, it led to the
1st written constitution in North America
(Fundamental Orders).

• Connecticut

Colonial Period
37
It was a time of religious fervor during the
1730s and 1740s. The movement arose in reaction
to the rise of skepticism and the waning of
religious faith brought about by the
Enlightenment. Protestant ministers held
revivals throughout the English colonies in
America, stressing the need for individuals to
repent and urging a personal understanding of
truth.

• First Great Awakening

Colonial Period
38
Passed under the mercantilist system, they
(1651-1673) regulated trade in order to benefit
the British economy. They restricted trade
between England and its colonies to English or
colonial ships, required certain colonial goods
to pass through England before export, provided
subsidies for the production of certain raw goods
in the colonies, and banned colonial competition
in large scale manufacturing.

• Navigation Acts

Colonial Period
39
This group argued that the Constitution lacked a
Bill of Rights

• Anti-Federalists

40
They were usually white adult males who bound
themselves to labor in the colonies for a fixed
number or years in order to secure their freedom.
Some immigrants came to the colonies willingly,
while others were criminals, and still others
were kidnapped or manipulated into coming in
order to remedy the severe labor shortage in the
colonies.

• Indentured servitude

Colonial Period
41
Federalist Papers were written by these men

• Hamilton, Madison, Jay

42
He was an English explorer who established
Englands first American colony in 1585. This
settlement was off the coast of North Carolina,
on Roanoke Island.

• Sir Walter Raleigh

AGE OF EXPLORATION
43
This was added to the Constitution protect
individual liberties from the power of the
federal government

• Bill of Rights

44
Throughout the late seventeenth and early
eighteenth centuries, the English government did
not enforce those trade laws that most harmed the
colonial economy. Its purpose was to ensure
the loyalty of the colonists in the face of the
French territorial and commercial threat in North
America. The English ceased practicing it
following British victory in the French and
Indian War.

• Salutary neglect

Colonial Period
45
Fancy word for 2 house legislature (this was a
trend in colonial government)?

• bicameral

Colonial Period
46
To have a healthy one, a nation should have more
exports than imports

• Balance of Trade

Colonial Period
47
Under the Articles of Confederation, sovereignty
was in the hands of the

• States

Colonial Period
48
Great example of an early Joint-Stock Company
(think about Jamestown).

• Virginia Company

Colonial Period
49
Name of the rebellion that occurred under the
government of the Articles of Confederation

• Shays Rebellion

Colonial Period
50
To make all laws which shall be necessary and
proper for carrying into execution the foregoing
powers, and all other powers, vested by this
Constitution in the Government of the United
States

• Elastic clause

51
Intolerable Acts led to this political body

• First Continental Congress

Colonial Period
52
Ideas of an englishman and frenchman strongly
influenced the Constitution

• John Locke and Montesquieu

Colonial Period
53
Europeans broughtcrops wheat, rice, coffee,
bananas, and olives and animals horses, cows,
pigs, and chickensDiseases yellow fever,
smallpox, and malariaAmericas
contributedcrops corn, potatoes, tomatoes,
lima beans, squash, peanuts, cassava, cacao, and
pineapple a virulent form of syphilis

• Columbian Exchange

AGE OF EXPLORATION
54
Roger Williams started this colony in 1636 which
had total religious freedom and separation of
church and state.Friendly to Native
Americansbecomes most religiously and
politically (liberal) tolerant colony
DIVERSITY!safe haven for unorthodox faiths?

• Rhode Island

Colonial Period
55
During the debates on the Constitution, agreement
on the respective powers of the House and Senate
and representation of House and Senate

• Great Compromise

56
A general term for any one of a group of Spanish
explorers in the New World who sought to take
control, establish dominance, and prosper from
the natural resources, including gold. They
established a large empire stretching from Mexico
to Chile.

• Conquistador

AGE OF EXPLORATION
57
Creation of U.S. bankCollection of Federal
excise tax on whiskeyPayment of state debts by
federal governmentTariffs to protect infant U.S.
industries

• Hamiltons financial programs

Early National Republic
58
He effectively saved Jamestown from collapse in
1608, its first year of existence. His
initiatives to improve sanitation, to organize
farming, and to build shelters dramatically
lowered mortality rates among Jamestown colonists.

• John Smith

AGE OF EXPLORATION
59
The first English settlement in the New World.
It was off the coast of North Carolina,
established in 1587. Virginia Dare, the first
English child born on here. The settlement
failed, and no one knows what became of the
people who first settled there.

• Roanoke

AGE OF EXPLORATION
60
These resolutions were in response to Alien and
Sedition Acts. It stated that states could
nullify acts of Congress

• Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Early National Republic
61
He published articles critical of British
governor William Cosby. He was taken to trial,
but found not guilty. The trial set a precedent
for freedom of the press in the colonies.

• John Peter Zenger

Colonial Period
62
Established in Jamestown, Virginia, in 1619, is
considered to be the first representative
government in the New World. It consisted of 22
representatives from 11 districts of colonists.

• House of Burgesses

Colonial Period
63
In the absence of government funding, these
formed to accrue funding for colonization through
the sale of public shares. They dominated
English colonization throughout the seventeenth
century.

• Joint-stock companies

Colonial Period
64
Set up by the Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay
Colony, it was a church system in which each
local church served as the center of its own
community. This structure stood in contrast to
the Church of England, in which the single state
church held sway over all local churches.

• Congregationalism

Colonial Period
65
A dissenter, he clashed with Massachusetts
Puritans over the issue of separation of church
and state. After being banished from
Massachusetts in 1636, he traveled south, where
he founded the colony of Rhode Island, which
granted full religious freedom to its inhabitants.

• Roger Williams

Colonial Period
66
Name for business under the mercantilist system
which linked England, its colonies in North
America, the West Indies, and Africa. New
England rum was shipped to Africa and traded for
slaves, who were brought to the West Indies and
traded for sugar and molasses, which went back to
New England.

• Triangular Trade

Colonial Period
67
They were English Protestants who would not
accept allegiance in any form to the Church of
England. Example the Pilgrims, founded Plymouth
Plantation and went on to other settlements in
Rhode Island and elsewhere in New England.

• Separatists

Colonial Period
68
In 1692, several girls accused their neighbors of
witchcraft. More than 100 people were tried as
witches, and 19 women and one man were executed.
Puritan minister Cotton Mather eventually helped
stop the trials and executions. Where did this
occur?

• Salem, Massachusetts

Colonial Period
69
They were a Protestant group aiming to cleanse
the Anglican Church. In the early 1600s, they
suffered religious persecution in England and
emigrated to the Americas. The first group of
them established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in
Boston. From Boston, their influence in North
America spread throughout the region of New
England and with it came a focus on family life
and a pious restraint of passion.

• Puritans

Colonial Period
70
They were a group of English Separatists who had
originally sought refuge in the Netherlands. In
1620, they sailed to Plymouth on the Mayflower
and established the colony of Plymouth Plantation.

• Pilgrims

Colonial Period
71
1st common experience of coloniesNew protestant
divisions grew (Baptists and Methodists)New
universities were created Dartmouth, Rutgers,
Princeton

• First Great Awakening - results

Colonial Period
72
Itinerant preacher, great speaker he helped start
the Great Awakening, also a leader of the "New
Lights."

• George Whitefield

Colonial Period
73
Delivered famous Sinners in the Hands of an
Angry God sermon (1741) and is credited for
starting the First Great Awakening.

• Jonathan Edwards

Colonial Period
74
English Political Partyfavored changes
(liberal)wanted strong parliament

• Whigs

Colonial Period
75
Started Maryland as a religious haven for
Catholics.

• Lord Baltimore

Colonial Period
76
Believed in the power of ones inner light or
that the power of God resided in the soul of the
individual. They led to William Penns Holy
Experiment

• Quakers

Colonial Period
77
A pilgrim that lived in a north colony called
Plymouth in 1620 and was chosen governor 30
times.

• William Bradford

Colonial Period
78
The Southern Colonies (names)?

• Chesapeake (Virginia, Maryland), Carolinas, and
  Georgia

Colonial Period
79
King James II of England decreed the creation of
this as a measure to enforce the Navigation Acts
and to coordinate the mutual defense of colonies
against the French and hostile Native Americans.

• Dominion of New England

Colonial Period
80
Large farming estates, large tracks of land,
popular in the south.

• Plantation System

Colonial Period
81
First constitution" in colonial America, drafted
by Thomas Hooker (hint) and others served as a
model for future constitutions power of
government to come from the people.

• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, 1639

Colonial Period
82
He founded Connecticut in for religious reasons
(Massachusetts bay was too strict). Led to the
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut!

• Thomas Hooker

Colonial Period
83
To vote in a puritan church you had to be a
member of elect, to be an member of the elect you
had to have this? You had to document this to
be a member of the elect.

• conversion experience

Colonial Period
84
This act was created because of the fear that
more Protestants would come to Lord Baltimores
colony, and persecute the Catholics there. It
stated, if you believed in the divinity of Jesus
then you had religious freedom.

• Maryland Act of Religious Toleration 1649

Colonial Period
85
Middle colonies consisted of?

• Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, and Delaware

Colonial Period
86
Founder and governor of the Georgia colony (a
debtor colony and buffer colony to protect the
Carolinas from raids from Spanish Florida).

• James Oglethorpe

Colonial Period
87
When King James II was dethroned and replaced by
King William of the Netherlands, the colonists of
New York started this rebellion? It
represented the poor and working class, resulting
in class tension.

• Leisler's Rebellion

Colonial Period
88
Puritans moved across the Atlantic seeking
religious freedom and a new start (in large
numbers during the 1630s-1640s).

• The Great Puritan Migration

Colonial Period
89
Mass Bay Colony (economy) primarily consisted of?

• Primarily fishing, shipbuilding and timber

Colonial Period
90
a dissenter in the Massachusetts Bay Colony who
caused a schism in the Puritan community. She
was expelled from the colony in 1637 and traveled
southward with a number of her followers,
establishing the settlement of Portsmouth, Rhode
Island.

• Anne Hutchinson

Colonial Period
91
It applied to those members of the Puritan
colonies who were the children of church members,
but who hadnt achieved a conversion experience
themselves. It allowed them to participate in
some church affairs.

• Halfway Covenant

Colonial Period
92
Indians who fought with Jamestown colony,
Pocahontas was one. John Smith helped have
friendly relations with them?

• Powhatans

Colonial Period
93
one of the strongest and longest lasting Native
American alliancesNearly wiped out New France

• Iroquois League/Confederation

Colonial Period
94
power to tax and spend public money

• power of the purse

Colonial Period
95
required that a man's real property pass in its
entirety to his oldest son

• Primogeniture

Colonial Period
96
Founded by James Oglethorpe in 1733 as a debtors
haven and also served as a buffer state between
(rich) South Carolina and Spanish Florida.

• Georgia

Colonial Period
97
William Penn's title for his colony in
Pennsylvania, dealt fairly with Indians, freedom
of religion

• Holy Experiment

Colonial Period
98
Unpopular governor ( harsh rule and heavy taxes)
of New Netherlands who swore to defend the city,
but the colonists refused to help him. In the
end, he surrendered to the English without firing
a shot.

• Peter Stuyvesant

Colonial Period
99
A colony settled in Virginia to make money. It
was the first permanent English settlement.
Founded in 1607 by the Virginia company
(joint-stock company)

• Jamestown

Colonial Period
100
Daughter of Powhatan, member of Powhatan tribe,
saved captain John Smith's life and married John
Rolfe (led to a time of peace between the English
and the Indians)

• Pocahontas

Colonial Period
101
Founded by Lord Baltimore, safe haven for
Catholics, created the Act of Religious
Toleration (1949) and had tobacco plantations?

• Maryland

Colonial Period
102
Colony founded in 1620 by the separatist Pilgrims
who came over on the Mayflower. Located on Cape
Cod in New England.

• Plymouth

Colonial Period
103
Native American who had lived in Europe and spoke
English. He helped the Pilgrims learn to
fertilize soil on their farms and establish
relations with Massasoit, a chief of the
Wampanoags

• Squanto

Colonial Period
104
One of the first colonies in New England
established in 1630 by puritans. John Winthrop
was first governor and Boston was capital.
Brought lots of families and grew as a result of
the Great Puritan Migration?

• Mass. Bay Colony

Colonial Period
105
a purely democratic form of government common in
the Middle and New England colonies (especially
New England) voting population would meet once a
year to elect officers, levy taxes, and pass
lawsEXAMLE OF SELF GOVERNMENT

• Town meetings

Colonial Period
106
New England Colonies?

• Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New
  Hampshire

Colonial Period
107
Middle Colonies?

• New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

Colonial Period
108
Southern Colonies

• Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South
  Carolina, and Georgia

Colonial Period
109
the oldest college in America (1636), which
reflected puritan commitment to an educated
ministry

• Harvard

Colonial Period
110
WHO Wampanoags and Narragansetts were angry
about losing more land to colonists.WHATtribes
united to drive English off of
landRESULTSthousands died, many villages (52)
burned3,000 Native Americans, 1,000
colonistslast major attempt to stop colonial
spread in New England

• King Philips War

Colonial Period
111
English Political Partyfavored little change
(conservative)favored powerful monarch

• Tories

Colonial Period