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??????(Sports Biomechanics)

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Title: ??????(Sports Biomechanics)


1
???????????
2
??????(Sports Biomechanics)
  • ??????????????????????????????

3
???????????
  • ?????????
  • ?????????

4
???????????
  • ??????
  • (??????????)
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • (??????????????)
  • ????
  • (??????????????)

5
????????(??????????)
  • 1. ????(????,????)
  • 2.SF ma (????????????)
  • 3. ??????????(????,????,????,??????? )

6
????????????
  • ????(Equilibrium)
  • ????
  • ??????
  • ?????(Friction)
  • ???? (??????)
  • ??????
  • ????

7
???? (Equilibrium)
  • ?????????(SF )??????(SM )???,?????????,???????????
  • S F 0 ????????
  • S M 0 ????????

8
??????
???? ????? ????
9
??????????
  • ?????
  • ????
  • ?????????
  • ???????????
  • ?????????

10
??????????
????,???
????,??
11
??????????
?????????
???
???
????
????
12
??????????
??
??
13
??????
  • ?????????????????

14
??????
15
??????
  • ????????????????????
  • ?????????????????

16
????
  • F?? R??? F?? R???
  • ???? ?????
  • ???? ?????? ????
  • ???? ?????? ????

17
??????
  • ??(Canoe) ???????????(?????)
  • ????(Rowing) ???????????(?????)

18
??????
  • ??????
  • ????? - ????
  • ??? -????
  • ???-????

19
??????
????
????
????????
20
????
21
????
22
??????(center of mass)
  • x ?xi dmi / ?dmi
  • y?yi dmi / ?dmi

y
o
x
23
??????
??????????COM???
24
??????
???????????,?????????????
25
??????
26
?????(Friction)
  • ????? (Fluid Friction)
  • FCV or CV2
  • (C is a constant V is velocity magnitude)
  • ??? (Dry Friction) F µN
  • (N is the normal force)
  • - ??? (Static Friction) F µsN
  • - ??? (Kinetic Friction) F µkN

27
???????
  • ????????? (mg-CV0) ?????????????????
  • ?????????????????????
  • ??????,??????????(???)
  • ???????,?????????
  • ??????????????????

28
???????
  • ????????(Spin),??????(???)???????????
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????,??????????????

29
???????
  • ?????????????????????

?????? ?
30
???? (??????)
  • F G M m/r2 G 6.6710-11 (nt m2/Kg2)
  • g G M/r2 9.81 m/sec2 for earth

31
??????
  • ?????????????????
  • ???????????????

32
??????
  • ????????,????????

33
????????
  • ??????(Isometric contraction),?????????????????
  • ????????????????????????

34
????
  • ????????,???????
  • ????????,????????
  • ?? (Linkage)

35
??????
  • ??????????????????????
  • ?????????(????)???(?????)???

36
????????????
  • ????(Relative Movement)
  • ?????(Projectile Motion)
  • ????
  • ???????? (Linkage)

37
????
  • ????(Coordinate System)
  • ???? VAB VA - VB (?B?A)
  • ????? aAB aA - aB (?B?A)
  • ????????????????????
  • ????????????????????

38
?????
  • ???????,??????g
  • ?????????? Vx V0 Cos?
  • ??????????? Vy V0 Sin?-gt
  • ???? R Max (X) V02 Sin2?/g
  • ?????450 ?,??????
  • ???? H Max (Y) V02 Sin2?/2g
  • ?????900 ?,??????

39
?????
???????????(hgt0),????????????? 45?
40
?????
???
???
???
??????????,???????
41
???????
  • ???????????????450
  • ?????????????
  • ????????????????,???????
  • ??????lt450 (?200)

42
????
  • ?? ?
  • ???? V r?
  • ????? V2 / r
  • ????? dV / dt
  • ?????,???????????

43
??????
  • ??????????????,????????????
  • ??????????????????????
  • ?????????????????
  • ??????????????,?????????????

44
???????? (Linkage)
  • ?? ? ????????? V r?
  • ???????
  • Vx V0x (r?)x
  • Vy V0y (r?)y

45
??????????
  • ??????????????,?????????????
  • ?(?)??????????????????,????????????

46
??????????
  • ?????????????????,?????????????
  • ???????????????????,????????????

47
????????????
  • ??????
  • ??????
  • ????
  • ??
  • ????

48
????????
  • ????,????
  • ????
  • ???? (inertia mass)
  • ???? (moment of inertia)

49
???? (Moment of Inertia)
  • I?r2dm

50
??????
  • ??????????????????
  • ??????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????,????????

51
????????
  • F m a d(mv)/dt
  • T Iad(I?)/dt
  • ?????

52
??????
  • ??(Impulse) Fdt
  • ??? Mdt
  • ??(Momentum) m v
  • ??? I ?
  • ?????? Fdt d(mv)
  • ??????? Mdt d(I?)

53
????????
  • ??????????????
  • ????????????

????
54
?????
Mdt d(I?) M0, then d(I?) 0
55
??????(?????????????)
?(I?)0
56
??????
57
????
  • ?(Work) ? F dx
  • ??(Kinetic Energy) (1/2)mV2 ?(1/2)I?2?
  • ??(Potential Energy)
  • ???? mgh
  • ???? (1/2)kx2 (??,??)

58
??????
  • ???(6?)????????????????,??????????

59
??????
  • ?????????????????????????

60
?? (Impact)
  • ?????????
  • ???? e (V2'-V1')/(V1-V2)
  • 0 ? e ? 1

61
??????
  • ?????????????(Coefficient of Restitution)
  • ??????????????????
  • ? e ? (vo-V)/(viV)
  • ? voevi(1e)V
  • vo Ball rebound velocity
  • vi Ball incident velocity
  • V racket velocity

62
??????
  • ?????????
  • ????????????(????????,COR??????)
  • ?????????

63
??????
  • ??????????
  • ??????????????

64
????
  • ???(Centrifugal Force) mV2 / r
  • ???(Centripetal Force)

65
??????
  • ??????????????,????????
  • ???????????????????,????????????

66
?????????????
  • ???? (Hook's law)
  • ???? (Inertia Properties)
  • ????

67
???? (Hook's law)
  • F K x
  • ???? (1/2)K x2

68
??????
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ????????????????????,??????

69
???? (Inertia Properties)
  • ????????
  • ???? (Area Moment of Inertia) I
    ?r2 dA
  • ???? (Mass Moment of Inertia) I
    ?r2 dm

70
??????
  • ??????????,?????????????,?????

71
????
  • ?? (Impact)
  • ???? e (V2' - V1')/(V1 - V2)
  • ???? (Coefficient of Restitution) COR V1' /
    V1
  • ?? (Sweet Spot)
  • ???? Power Region (COR gt certain value)
  • ???? Center of Percussion (Conjugate point of
    handle, no impact shock)
  • ?? Node of Vibration (No vibration)

72
??????
  • ?????????????????????????????

73
??????
74
??????
75
?????????????
  • ???? (Buoyancy)
  • ??(Resistance)
  • ??????(Magnus Effect)

76
???? (Buoyancy)
  • B V ? (????????)
  • ?????????????????
  • ?????????????

77
??(Resistance)
  • ????
  • F cdAv2?(???????????)
  • ????
  • ????

78
????
  • ??????
  • ??????????
  • ??????

79
??????(Magnus Effect)
  • ???????
  • - ???, ??, ??
  • ????
  • ?????????????????????
  • ??????,????????????????

80
???
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