Module 4.8 Excreta fertilisers in Agriculture

1
Module 4.8Excreta fertilisers in Agriculture

• How can ecological fertilisers from excreta best
  be used?

2
What is the farmer applying to the field?

• Mineral Fertiliser
• Animal Manure
• Slurry
• Solids
• Water
• Energy

3
How is the fertiliser applied?

• Mineral fertiliser
• Spreader
• By hand
• Solid manure
• Spreader for solids TSgt20
• Manually
• Trolley shovel
• Liquid manure
• Spreader for liquids TSlt12
• Overflowing
• Included in watering water
• Applied bucket/tank wise

4
When is the fertiliser applied?

• Before plantation
• Until 2/3 of season
• Until Ear setting
• Until one month before harvest
• 2-3 times per cropping
• Every day?

5
Application of water

• When is it needed?
• Increased water, except during flooding
• How?
• Spraying
• Surface overflow
• Surface application
• Drip irrigation

6
Group question

• How can we produce these fertilisers from
  households
• What materials do we get?
• Do they need extra treatment?
• Why?
• What are the fertilising value of the fractions?

7
Nutrient content in wastewater

• Urine
• 1-1.5L /pd 3-500L /year
• 0.3-0.7L per urination
• 3-3.5kg N/py
• 0.3kg P/py
• 0.3kg K/py
• All direct plant available

8
Fraction content
Nutrient content in wastewater

• Faeces
• 100-400g/pd 40-100kg/year
• 0.3kg N/py
• 0.1kg P/py
• 0.2kg K/py
• Most organically bound

9
Treatment of urine

• Storage
• 2 Month gt20?C
• 1 Month gt30?C
• Not according to WHO!
• Urine to own garden direct use
• Urine from urinals only less treatment requred
• Selected use less storage needed

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Treatment of faeces

• Composting
• gt50?C gt1week turning
• Low temp composting
• Biogas
• Long HRT and MRT
• Additional hygiene treatment preferable
• Chemical treatment
• Ammonia
• Lime
• Ash
• Selected use

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How to apply the urine fertiliser

• Large Medium scale
• Drip irrigation
• Hose spreader
• Watering
• Small scale
• Drip irrigation
• Watering can
• Watering (with GW)
• Application
• Before planting
• During growth

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How to apply the faecal fertiliser

• Compost
• Solid manure
• Shovel
• Application
• Before planting
• Biogas slurry
• Hose spreader
• Land overflow
• Incorporation into soil
• Application
• Before planting
• During growth

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How to apply the greywater

• Direct application
• At trees
• Mulch bed
• Grass land
• Avoid storage (smell)
• Treated GW
• Irrigation
• Spray
• Drip
• Overflow

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To what can I use the urine fertiliser?

• Treated urine / at home application
• Unrestricted use
• Salt content
• High ammonia content
• Untreated urine
• Fodder crop
• Crop above ground
• Processed
• Fruits
• Ornamental purposes

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To what can I use the faecal fertiliser?

• Level of treatment
• High level unrestricted use
• Low level restricted use
• Crops with long growth period
• Pineapple
• Banana
• Coconut
• Non food crops
• Fodder
• Ornamental

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To what can I use the greywater?

• Untreated GW
• At home
• Direct use (minimise piping)
• Applied treatment
• Mulch bed
• At trees
• Treated GW
• Can be stored
• Watering purposes

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Selection of use

• Practicality
• Hygiene
• Barriers
• Treatment
• Selection of use
• Food crop
• Fodder
• Other
• Composition

• Acceptance
• User
• Farmer (end user)
• Consumer