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Creating the Constitution of the United States

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Creating the Constitution of the United States Problems with the Articles of Confederation Money Issues Leadership Issues Government Issues Cooperation Issues Who was ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Creating the Constitution of the United States


1
Creating the Constitution of the United States
2
Problems with the Articles of Confederation
  • Money Issues
  • Leadership Issues
  • Government Issues
  • Cooperation Issues

3
Who was there????
  • 55 white men
  • 26-81
  • Protestant
  • Educated
  • Land and slave owners
  • Government experience

4
Who wasnt there???
Patrick Henry
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
5
  • The Plans
  • Virginia or Large State Plan
  • New Jersey or Small State Plan
  • Compromises
  • Todays Government Structure
  • Slavery
  • Commerce
  • Bill of Rights

6
The Virginia or Large State Plan
  • 3 Branches of Government
  • Single Executive
  • Bi-Cameral Legislature
  • Representation based on Population
  • Judicial appt. by legislature

James Madison
7
New Jersey or Small State Plan
  • Plural Executive
  • Unicameral Legislature
  • Equal representation
  • Judicial chosen by executive
  • Judges serve for life

8
The Great Compromise
  • Developed by Roger Sherman
  • Also known as the Connecticut Plan
  • Set up the government structure we have today

9
Our Government Structure in 1787
  • Bicameral legislature (2 house)
  • House of Representatives lower house
  • The of Reps in the House to be determined by
    population of a state
  • Senate 100 members or 2 per state
  • Today we have 435 members of the House and 100
    Senators

10
Counting People
  • Population used to determine 2 things
  • Taxation
  • Representation

What to do with slaves????
11
  • North wants
  • Counts slaves for taxes
  • Dont count slaves for representation
  • South wants
  • Count slaves for representation
  • Dont count slaves for taxation

12
The 3/5 Compromise
  • 5 slaves 3 people for
  • Taxation
  • AND
  • 2. Representation

13
Industry vs. Agriculture
  • States who made money from industry, shipping and
    manufacturing wanted
  • Natl. govt. to control the money
  • Natl. govt. to control commerce
  • States who made money from farming and exporting
    wanted
  • To ensure the right to import slaves
  • To ensure their ability to export

14
Economic Compromises
  • Congress controls all commerce foreign and
    domestic
  • Congress has the sole power to coin money
  • President has the power to negotiate treaties
  • Slave trade would not be touched for 20 yrs
  • Congress could levy import duties, but not export
    duties
  • Treaties must be approved by the Senate 2/3 vote

15
Ratification
  • Required 9 of 13 colonies to approve ¾
  • Two groups developed
  • Federalists
  • Advocated the ratification of the new
    constitution
  • Antifederalists
  • Argued against the new constitution until a Bill
    of Rights was added

16
The Federalists
  • James Madison, Hamilton, Jay wrote the
    Federalist Papers.
  • Series of letters to the editors in NY and VA
  • Argued in favor of the new constitution

James Madison
John Jay
Alexander Hamilton
17
The AntiFederalists
  • Argued against ratification
  • Argued in favor of a Bill of Rights being added
    to the new constitution

George Mason
Sam Adams
James Monroe
18
The Final Compromise
  • Anti-Federalists agreed to ratify the new
    constitution
  • Federalists agreed to ensure the first action
    taken by the new Congress would be to create a
    Bill of Rights

19
New US Government in action
  • 1789 first election Washington and Adams
    become Pres. and VP April 30
  • Congress gets together March 4, 1789
  • Sept. 25, 1789 James Madison introduces 12
    amendments - 10 are ratified on Nov. 21, 1789
  • North Carolina and Rhode Island ratify May 29,
    1790

20
7 Basic Principals of Constitution
  • 1. Popular sovereignty.
  • 2. Limited government.
  • 3. Separation of powers.
  • 4. Federalism.
  • 5. Checks and balances.
  • 6. Judicial Review.
  • 7. National Supremacy.

21
7 Articles on Constitution
  • 1. The Legislature
  • Congress
  • Art I Sec. 8 clauses 1-16
  • Art I Sec. 8 Clause 18 Elastic Clause
  • 2. The Executive Branch (President)
  • 3. The Judicial Branch (Supreme Court)
  • 4. Relations with States
  • 5. Amendment Process
  • 6. Supremacy Clause (National govt stronger)
  • 7. Ratification
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