Unit 6 Sports and Health

1
Unit 6 Sports and Health
2
Unit Tasks

• first listen, and then talk about sports and
  health
• read about a famous athlete and the way of
  keeping fit
• learn new words and expressions
• practice the use of participles

3
What we have talked about

• The significance of health
• The benefits of doing sports
• Sports and health

4

• All you need in life is good health, a bit of
  luck and a sense of humor. The rest is easy.
• ---
  Clark Gable

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Unit 6 Sports and Health
Directions Listen to the following passage and
try to fill the missing words. Click here to
listen.
Physical activity improves our bodies
health. A recent study 1. ______ in The New
England Journal of Medicine, suggests that
maintaining a healthy level of physical 2. ______
through exercise can help people live longer and
the findings provide updated 3. ______ to Charles
Darwin's survival of the fittest theory. But
repetitive exercise can become boring, 4. _______
discouragement, frustration, even quitting.
Selecting an activity that provides 5. _______ as
well as physical exercise, however, can be the
answer. Many people have turned to sports. Sports
can provide a 6. _______ physically as well as
mentally and increase ones physical activity
while providing social interaction, a sense of
accomplishment and enjoyment.
6

• First held as part of the 1896 Olympics in
  Athens, Greece, and then brought to Boston,
  Massachusetts in 1897, the Marathon is now an
  important part of 7. ______ in many cities across
  America. Marathon running, usually a 40k (26.2
  miles) race, is becoming increasingly popular
  with both men and women for its challenge of
  perseverance, requiring both 8. ______ and mental
  endurance, and its feat of accomplishment. For
  first-time runners it is the culmination of a
  dream a personal 9. _______ obtained after
  months of physical and psychological 10. _______
  and training. For veteran marathoners its an
  opportunity to improve their Personal Best
  competing their own fastest time

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Reference Keys

• 1. published
• 2. fitness
• 3. support
• 4. leading to
• 5. enjoyment

• 6. challenge
• 7. culture
• 8. physical
• 9. goal
• 10. preparation

8

• Read and Explore

• Passage A
• Never Give Up

9
Contents

• Think about It
• Text awareness
• What to focus on
• Language focus
• (Exercises from the textbook)

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Think about it

• The right attitude toward difficulty

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Text Awareness
Paul Wylie (a figure skater)
previous performance
In 1992
Never give up
12
What to Focus On
13
Words and Expressions

• 1. quit stop (doing something)

Examples
quit ones job quit smoking I quit.
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Washington, D.C.
1. Jefferson Memorial 2. Washington
Monument 3. Statue of Lincoln 4. Marine Corps
War Memorial 5. White House

• Washington, D.C., a city as well as a
  district, is the capital of the United States of
  America. The city of Washington is coextensive
  with the District of Columbia (D.C.), the federal
  district of the United States. Washington is
  today the core of one of the largest metropolitan
  areas in the country and serves as a center of
  both national and international politics and
  diplomacy.

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1992 Winter Olympics, Albertville
mascot
emblem

• The 1992 Albertville Olympic Games were the
  last Winter Games to be staged in the same year
  as the Summer Games. Only 18 of the 57 events
  were held in Albertville itself, while nearby
  resorts hosted the rest.

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• terminal
• computer terminal
• air terminal
• terminal stage of a disease

17
Important Sentences

• 1. The silver medal he earned in Albertville,
  France, ushered the 27-year-old figure skater
  into a new existence. (para. 2)

The second-place he earned in Albertville,
France, gave the 27-year-old figure skater a new
status and reputation.
usher
an usher usher(into)
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Important Sentences

• 2. He was no longer a nobody who choked at big
  events, like the 1988 Calgary Olympics, where he
  finished an unimpressive 10th. No longer the
  recipient of advice from judges who, after Pauls
  performance in the 91 World Championships,
  suggested that he quit Make room for the
  younger skaters. (Para. 2)

1988??????????,?????,????10?,?????????????????????
?? .
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1988 Winter Olympics, Calgary
Short Track Speed Skating
Female Hockey
Long Track Speed Skating
Calgary's dream to host the Olympics finally came
true on its fourth candidacy. The term of the
winter games was extended from 12 days to 16
days, the same as the summer games, as from the
Calgary Olympics.
20
Important Sentences

• 3. No longer the target of loaded questions from
  reporters covering the '91 Olympic Trials ("What
  are you doing here?"). (Para. 3)

(He was) no longer asked embarrassing and
irritating questions (such as "Why are you
here?") by the reporters reporting on the 1991
Olympic Trials.
a loaded question
loaded adj.
Heavy with meaning
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Harvard University
22
Ivy League
Ivy League, eight long-established colleges and
universities in the United States with
prestigious academic and social reputations.
Members of the Ivy League are Brown University in
Providence, Rhode Island Columbia University in
New York City Cornell University in Ithaca, New
York Dartmouth College in Hanover, New
Hampshire Harvard University in Cambridge,
Massachusetts University of Pennsylvania in
Philadelphia Princeton University in Princeton,
New Jersey and Yale University in New Haven,
Connecticut. The members of the Ivy League
compete in intercollegiate athletics.
23

• fantasize
• fantasy
• fantastic

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• gruel (v.)
• grueling hours (of training)

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• persevere continue firmly in spite of
  difficulties

Examples

• Despite the failure of his early experiments,
• the scientist persevered in his research.

perseverance
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Words and Expressions

• 3. in the way
• on the way
• on the way out

• The chair is in the way. Youd better move it
  away.
• On the/ones way to Xian
• Roman Empire was on the way out then.
• (declining)

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• unfold
• to fold one's arms
• fold it in half
• fold it in a piece of paper

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• 4. count out
• count in
• count on

Examples

• If you want to play football now, you can count
  me out/in.
• count on his father for help

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Words and Expressions

• 5. at times sometimes

Examples

• I do feel a little nervous at times.

??
occasionally now and then sometimes at times
from tome to time
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Important Sentences

• 4. But I just decided, I'm going to persevere and
  hang in there, because I have a shot. (Para. 7)

But I just decided I'd keep practicing and
competing, because I really had a chance to win.
??????,???????????????????????????,????,???????

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• 7. have a shot (at) try

Examples

• I don't know if I can do that, but I'll have a
• shot (at it).
• Have a shot at solving the problem.

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Important Sentences

• 5. Things definitely changed in 1992 in
  Albertville. To have my story be one that
  brought tears to peoples eyes, because of the
  way it turned around---that changed my life as
  well,Paul says. I looked at my skating career
  and saw it rewritten and beautiful, as opposed to
  a big disappointment and many years struggling
  toward some goal but not reaching it. (Para 8)

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Words and Expressions

• 8. as opposed to in contrast to

Examples

• It happened in the day as opposed to the
• evening.
• This is a book about business as opposed
• to theory.

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Important Sentences

• 6. With medal in hand, Paul was suddenly ushered
  into a world of lucrative endorsements and
  figure-skating world tours, of exclusive events
  and autograph seekers. (para. 9)

• lucrative
• endorsement
• autograph

??????,??????????????????????????????????????????
?
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• 17. merit (v.) to earn deserve
• His work merits a prize.
• He merited all the praise which had been given to
  him.

36
Important Sentences

• 7.Heroism, Paul has observed, requires daily
  maintenance. (para. 11)

observe
????,???????????
37

• 10. crisis a turning point in the course of
  anything
• crises (p.l.)

Examples

• I was on the verge of a terrible crisis in my
• life.

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Important Sentences

• 8. As an Olympic medal loses its luster after
  years of storage, a hero will lose his
  credibility if he stops looking to the needs of
  others. (Para. 12)

Over the years the public may forget about an
Olympic medal winner and stop trusting him if he
does not pay attention to what other people want
or need.
??????,????????????????????????,???????????
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2002 Winter Olympics, Salt Lake City

• Salt Lake City, Utah hosts the 2002 Winter
  Olympic Games starting February 8, 2002. The
  games lasted 17 days and featured more than 180
  events in 15 different sports.

Http//www.saltlake2002.com
40
Words and Expressions

• 11. behind the scenes out of sight,secretly,
  without public knowledge

Examples

• He is the boss behind the scenes.

41
Language Focus

• Exercise 4
• 1. clapped
• 2. defend
• 3. quit
• 4. perfection
• 5. interview???

• 6. survey
• 7. exclusive
• 8. storage
• 9. observed
• 10. cover

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• Exercise 5
• 1. count ... out
• 2. be unaware of
• 3. stopped in his tracks
• 4. At times
• 5. turn ... around                  

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Exercise in Passage A

• 1. ???????,????????
• (have a shot)
• 2. ?????????????????
• (as opposed to)
• 3. ?????????????(in the way)
• 4. ??1911????????????(vitamin)?(melt away)
• 5. ???,???????????????????(crisis)

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Reference Keys

• 1. Its a difficult job, but Id like to have a
  shot.
• 2. This is a book about business practice as
  opposed to theory.
• 3. Social activities never get in the way of her
  studies.
• 4. It was not until 1911 that the first of the
  vitamins was identified.
• 5. Natural disasters have obviously contributed
  to the countrys economic crisis.

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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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Participles
-ing participles -ed participles
48

• ???
• ??-ing???????
• 1. ??-ing??(?????)???????
• a. ????????????????????????????????
• 1) with the picture, Mary tore it to pieces.
• A Dissatisfying thoroughly
• B To dissatisfy thoroughly
• C Being thoroughly dissatisfied
• D To be thoroughly dissatisfied
• 2) Realizing that he hadnt enough money and
  to borrow from his father, he decided to sell his
  watch.
• A not wanted B not to want
• C not wanting D wanting to

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• 3) This crop has similar qualities to the
  previous one, both wind-resistant and
  adapted to the same type of soil.
• A being B been
• C to be D having been
• 4) This programme will examine the writers books
  in detail, an introduction to his life.
• A following B having followed
• C being followed D to be
  followed
• 5) Some passengers are reading the morning paper,
  others are talking with one another,___ nervously
  for the train.
• A to wait B waiting
• C are waiting D being waited

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• b. ???
• 6) If I correct someone, I will do it with as
  much good humor and self-restraint as if I were
  the one .
• A to correct B correcting
• C having corrected D being corrected
• 7) As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that
  free, tax-supported schools must be established
  in every town 50 households or more.
• A having B to have
• C to have had D having had

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• c. ???
• 8) When I caught him me, I stopped buying
  things there and started dealing with another
  shop.
• A cheat B cheating
• C to cheat D to be cheating
• 9) Mrs. Douglas unknowingly left a package on
  the shop counter.
• A laying B to lie
• C laid D lying
• 10) His remarks left me about his real
  purpose.
• A wondered B wonder
• C to wonder D wondering

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• 2. ?????????????????????????,?????????????????,???
  ??????????????????????????????????????????,???????
  ???????????????????

11) the earth to be flat, many feared that
Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.
A Having believed B Believing C
Believed D Being believed
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• 12) such a good chance, he planned to learn
  more.
• A To be given B Having been given
• C Having given D giving
• 13) Homework on time will lead to better
  grades.
• A done B be done
• C having done D to have been done

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???????????-ing?-ed???????

• 1. ???????????have, keep, make,
  get???,??????????????????????????
• 1) Dont get your schedule stay with us in
  this class.
• A to change B changing
• C changed D change
• 2) The manager promised to keep me of how our
  business was going on.
• A to be informed B on informing
• C informed D informing
• 3) In Australia the Asians make their influence
  in businesses large and small.
• A feeling B feel C felt D to be felt

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• 2. ??????-ing?????????????see, hear, feel,
  smell, listen to, notice, watch?find??????????????
  ,???????(??to)???????????????????????????????????
  ???????????????

4) The children went there to watch the iron
tower . A to erect B be erected
C erecting D being erected
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• 5) The man said he had seen the robbery on
  the previous day.
• A took place B take place
• C has taken place D was taking place
• 6) Corn originated in the New World and thus was
  not known in Europe until Columbus found it
  ___ in Cuba.
• A being cultivated B been cultivated
• C having cultivated D cultivating

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??????????????????

• 1. ?????????????,???????????????????(??)??????????
  ??,???????????????????,???????????????????????????
  ??

1) Weather , the picnic will be held as
scheduled. A permits B should permit
C will permit D permitting 2) Silver is the
best conductor of electricity, copper it
closely. A followed B following C
to follow D being followed
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• 2. ??????????????with??,?with ??(??)
  ??-ing?-ed????
• 3) After the Arab states won independence, great
  emphasis was laid on expanding education, with
  girls as well as boys to go to school.
• A to be encouraged B being encouraged
• C been encouraged D be encouraged
• 4) the temperature falling so rapidly, we
  couldnt go on with the experiment.
• A since B for C As D With

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Assignment1 Finish the exercises on participles
in P127
60
Unit 6 Sports and Health

• June 6, 2005

61
Unit Tasks

• first listen, and then talk about sports
• read about a famous athlete and the way of
  keeping fit
• learn new words and expressions
• practice the use of participles

62

• Passage B
• Finding a Balance

63
Contents

• Think about It
• Text awareness
• What to focus on
• Language focus
• (Exercises from the textbook)

64
Think about it

• About their figure
• Unhealthy figures

65

• What is on a diet?
• Have you ever had a diet? Is it hard for you?
• What is a balanced diet?

66
Text Awareness

• What does the balance in the title refer to?
• Two factors led to my over weight
• born to be chubby unsuccessful diets
• love for cooking

Turning point (at a New Years Eve arty)
Two big challenges
Fit cooking into healthier lifestyle Vow to keep
my goal in mind
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What to focus on
68
Notes to the Text

• 1. I was a chubby kid who grew into an overweight
  adult. I was constantly teased for being heavier
  than the other kids, leaving me feeling shy and
  self-conscious. (Para. 1)

self-conscious Introverted / extroverted

• a self-conscious teenager
• a young, self-conscious executive

chubby overweight round fat obese
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• instead of in place of

• If I hadn't got a cold, I'd be working instead
• of lying here in bed.

• If I were you, I would not stay here. I would
  go to help them instead.

• Rather than

in ones stead stand sb. in good stead
70

• miserable very unhappy

Examples

• Her face had a miserable expression.

miserable/wretched pitiful/pitiable/pathetic
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Notes to the Text

• 2. I caught my reflection in a mirror and the
  truth hit me. (Para. 3)

I saw my image in the mirror and it became very
obvious (that I was fat).
reflect hit
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Notes to the Text

• 3. If I took a common-sense approach and ate
  smaller portions of all foods, I would be able to
  satisfy my hunger and not feel deprived.
• (Para. 4)

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• deprive (of) take away from, prevent from
  using

Examples

• She has been deprived of sight for some
• years.
• These children are deprived of equal
• educational opportunities.

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Notes to the Text

• 4. My biggest challenge was finding a way to fit
  my passion for cooking into my healthier
  lifestyle.(para.5)

It was very difficult to keep enjoying cooking
while eating healthy food.
fit into
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• trial and error a method of discovery, solving
  problems, etc. based on practical
  experiment and experience rather than on
  theory

Examples

• He found the best way of driving through
• London by trial and error.
• He learned how to cook by trial and error.

76

• modify change (something) slightly esp. to
  improve it or make it less

Examples

• You'll have to modify the height of the table
• to make it fit.
• These plans must be modified if they are to
• be used successfully.

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Notes to the Text

• 5. I didn't feel deprived, and I felt free to
  give my body the care and attention it deserved.
  (para. 6)

I didn't feel hungry or ignored, and I was eager
to give my body the exercise and other care that
it needed.
?????,????????????????????
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• ups and downs good and bad periods

Examples

• Life is full of ups and downs.
• Their marriage has gone through ups and
• downs.

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• Plateau
• Loess Plateau
• Interest rates declined, then reached a plateau.

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Notes to the Text

• 6. Another challenge was not to beat myself up if
  I ate something that was unhealthy and to take it
  as a sign to abandon my healthful habits. (Para.
  6)

Another difficulty was not to feel guilty or
inferior if I ate something unhealthy, and not to
believe I have stopped dieting or exercising
because of one small failure.
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• in tune
• out of tune

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Low-fat Recipes

• Our goal at Low Fat Recipes is to help you
  replace your old eating habits with nutritious,
  good-tasting recipes. By using the low-fat
  recipes on this site, we will help you achieve
  your goal of a trimmer, healthier body. Here's
  your chance to choose healthy, low-fat food in
  just seconds. The recipes on this site will help
  keep cooking fun, which is how it should be!

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Notes to the Text

• 7. Now that I know what I can achieve when I set
  my mind to it, my dreams are no longer out of
  reach. (para. 8)

Since I know what I can do if I really want to, I
can reach goals I once thought were very unlikely.
84

• set one's mind to give all one's
  attention to doing (something)

• If she sets her mind to finishing the work
• today, she can certainly do so.
• After hearing the sad news, John could not
• set his mind to his work that afternoon.

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• out of reach can't be touched

• Keep all medicines out of reach of children.

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Notes to the Text

• I have finally found myself. (Para. 8)

I have finally discovered my value and who I am.
87

• priority the state, quality, position, or
  right of being first in position or
  earlier in time

• They insist that the right to live should take
• priority over all other considerations.
• Fire engines and ambulances have priority
• over other traffic.
• No. 1 priority

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• inclined likely tending (to)

• are inclined to talk too much.
• He did not seem inclined to work.

incline tend
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Language Focus

• Exercise 12
• 1. deprived 2. healthful
• 3. combine 4. determined
• 5. lifestyle 6. balance
• 7. approach 8. solutions
• 9. miserable 10. deserves

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• Exercise 13
• 1. out of reach
• 2. in tune with
• 3. set your mind to
• 4. come off
• 5. trail and error

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1. ????????,??????????????(ups and downs) 2.
????????????????? (be inclined to) 3.
?????????????????????(work out) 4.
????????,????????(melt away) 5.
??????????(vacancy),?????????????(keep in mind)
92
Reference Keys

• 1. Our marriage is happy but weve had many ups
  and downs.
• 2. Many teachers of foreign languages are
  inclined to talk too much themselves in class.
• 3. The famous actor keeps fit by working out for
  an hour every morning.
• 4. After a long heart-to-heart talk with him, her
  suspicion melted away.
• 5. We have no vacancies now, but well keep your
  application in mind.

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Up and down

• Come down in the world
• Go up in the world

94
(No Transcript)