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GEO BON: Addressing the observation needs of the UN Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020

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Title: GEO BON: Addressing the observation needs of the UN Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020


1
GEO BON Addressing the observation needs of the
UN Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020
Anne Larigauderie, ED DIVERSITAS With G Geller
(NASA), M Walters (CSIR), M Walpole (UNEP-WCMC)
other SC-GEO BON Colleagues
2
Outline
  • The policy context for biodiversity
  • The GEO BON initiative
  • You are invited to Session B2 tomorrow 900

3
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
  • 3 main goals
  • 1- Conservation of biological diversity
  • 2- Sustainable use of its components and
  • 3- Fair and equitable sharing of benefits
    arising from genetic resources
  • Definition "Biological diversity" means the
    variability among living organisms from all
    sources including
  • 1- terrestrial, marine and other aquatic
    ecosystems
  • 2- diversity within species, between species and
    of ecosystems.

4
Biodiversity within the MDGs
  • 1- Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
  • 2- Achieve universal primary education
  • 3- Promote gender equality
  • 4- Reduce child mortality
  • 5- Improve maternal health
  • 6- Combat HIVAIDS, malaria other diseases
  • 7- Ensure environmental sustainability
  • Target 7B CBD 2010 target (WSSD, 2002)
  • 8- Develop a global partnership for development

5
MDG Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability
  • Target 7a Integrate the principles of
    sustainable development into country policies and
    programmes reverse loss of environmental
    resources
  • Target 7b Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving,
    by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of
    loss
  • Target 7c Reduce by half the proportion of
    people without sustainable access to safe
    drinking water and basic sanitation
  • Target 7d Achieve significant improvement in
    lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, by
    2020
  • NB Crosscutting all other MDGs

6
The 2010 Biodiversity Target
To achieve by 2010 a significant reduction of
the current rate of biodiversity loss at the
global, regional and national level as a
contribution to poverty alleviation and to the
benefit of all life on Earth
  • Adopted at CBD COP6 (2002)
  • Endorsed by WSSD and UNGA (2002)
  • Incorporated as a new target within MDG7 in 2002

7
Global Biodiversity Outlook-3 (CBD)
  • The information behind GBO-3
  • 110 National Reports
  • Biodiversity Indicators Partnership
  • Biodiversity Futures Study
  • 500 scientific papers
  • Open review process

8
Biodiversity Scenarios (GBO-3)
A synthesis and assessment of projections of
21st century changes in biodiversity and
associated ecosystem services based on an
analysis of a broad range of existing models,
experiments and observations
Pereira H, Leadley P et al. Scenarios of global
biodiversity in the 21st century. Science, 26
Oct 2010
9
Trends shown by agreed indicators of progress
towards the 2010 biodiversity target
10
Trends shown by agreed indicators of progress
towards the 2010 biodiversity target
1)10 out of 15 indicators showed unfavorable
trends for biodiversity 2) Pb with amount and
coverage of data
11
The 2010 Target  to achieve by 2010 a
significant reduction of the current rate of
biodiversity loss  has not been met
CBD-COP10, Nagoya, Japan (Nov 2010)
12
Post 2010 Lessons learned
13
The Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 5
strategic goals
Agreed at cop-10, Nagoya, October 2010
  1. Address the underlying causes of biodiversity
    loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across
    government and society
  2. Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and
    promote sustainable use.
  3. Improve the status of biodiversity by
    safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic
    diversity
  4. Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and
    ecosystem services
  5. Enhance implementation through participatory
    planning, knowledge management and capacity
    building


14
and 20 targets for 2020
  • SG A-Underlying causes of biodiversity loss
    (mainstreaming bd)
  • Target 1 by 2020, people are aware of the values
    of bd and the steps they can take to conserve and
    use it sustainably
  • Target 2 by 2020, biodiversity values have been
    integrated into national and local development
    and poverty reductions strategies
  • Target 3 by 2020, incentives harmful to
    biodiversity are eliminated
  • SG D-Enhance the benefits to all from
    biodiversity ecosystem services
  • Target 14 by 2020, ecosystems that provide
    essential services (including services related to
    water, health, livelihood and well-being) are
    restored and safeguarded

15
Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-20 the way
forward
  • For each one of the 20 Targets
  • 1- Define indicator(s)
  • BIP Biodiversity Indicator Partnership
  • 2- Catalyse collection of observations
  • GEO BON

16
GEO BON CBD
Dr Braulio Dias
  • Decision X/7 CBD-COP10 (Nagoya, 2010)
  • Requests the Executive Secretary to invite GEO
    BON, () to prepare an evaluation of existing
    observation capabilities relevant to the targets
    contained in the Strategic Plan for the period
    2010-2020.
  • In response GEO BON produced
  • Adequacy of biodiversity observation systems to
    support the CBD 2020 targets

17
Outline
  • The policy context for biodiversity
  • The GEO BON initiative

18
GEO BON the SBA on biodiversity of GEOSS
19
Many Sources and Systems
But lack of coordination
  • Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
  • UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre (WCMC)
  • ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity (ACB)
  • International Union of Conservation (IUCN)
  • NASA, JAXA, ERSDAC, ESA, IRSO, INPE
  • BirdLife International
  • Census of Marine Life (CoML)
  • NatureServe
  • Wetlands International
  • World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
  • Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)

Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)
Smithsonian Institute (SI)
Conservation International (CI)
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Agency
(NOAA)
South African Environmental Observation Network
(SAEON)
Huge volumes of stored data But access can be
difficult
Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning
(MARBEF)
World Resources Institute (WRI)
Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental
(CRIA)
Earthwatch
National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON)
Inadequate tools
BIOTA Africa
United States Geological Survey
Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research
(NIOZ)
The Nature Conservancy (TNC)
United States Fish and Wildlife Service
20
A brief history
  • 2005 Establishment of GEOSS
  • Biodiversity is one of 9 Societal Benefit Areas
  • 2006 Oct First International Workshop (Geneva,
    CH)
  • Jan 2008 GEO BON Steering Committee formed
    (Geneva, CH)
  • Apr 2008 2nd International workshop (Potsdam,
    Germany)
  • Produce GEO BON concept document
  • Feb 2010 3rd International workshop (Asilomar,
    California, USA)
  • GEO BON secretariat opens (CSIR, S-Africa)
  • 22 May 2010
  • Launch of GEO BON implementation plan (version
    1.0)
  • Nov 2011
  • Adequacy of biodiversity observation systems to
    support the CBD 2020 targets (CBD/SBSTTA15/INF/8)

21
Vision
  • An integrated global observing system that
  • gathers and shares information on biodiversity,
  • provides tools for data integration and
  • analysis, and
  • contributes to improving environmental
    management and human well-being.

22
What does GEO BON do?
  • GEO BON adds value to the many on-going
    activities by
  • Providing a global, scientifically robust
    framework for observations on the detection of
    biodiversity change
  • Coordinating some of the data gathering and the
    delivery of information
  • Ensuring long term continuity of data supply
    (operational observations)
  • Providing a set of innovative and relevant global
    products

23
The GEO BON community of practice
Countries
Organisations
These networkmembers are independent but linked
and coordinated
24
For the CBD Adequacy report (1)
  • Organized around the 20 targets for 2020
  • For each target
  • Key concepts
  • Indicators (sources, organizations, spatial and
    temporal coverage)
  • Gaps and data limitations
  • Adequacy assessment
  • Estimated costs

25
Target 11 Protected areas
26
Target 14 Ecosystem services
27
For the CBD EBVs (2)
  • SBSTTA 15/2, para 6
  • (k) Invites GEO BON to continue its work on the
    identification of Essential Biodiversity
    Variables and the development of associated data
    sets as presented in CBD/SBSTTA/15/INF/8 and
    report to a future meeting of SBSTTA.

28
Essential Biodiversity Variables
  • A relatively small number of essential variables
    (16-18) are necessary to derive the CBD
    operational indicators (gt100) for the 20 targets
  • Each essential variable talks to multiple
    indicators and targets and many indicators and
    targets are informed by multiple essential
    variables
  • Focus on primary measurements

29
IPBES Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity
Ecosystem Services
GEO BON flagged as the observing system in charge
of orchestrating the delivery of observations
necessary to implement the IPBES programme of work
30
Biodiversity science-policy landscape
Assessment (IPBES)
Research
Policy (CBD)
Observations (GEO BON)
31
In conclusion some challenges
  • Many positive developments re GEO BON
  • Clear niche in science-policy interface
  • Recognition by collaboration with key partners
    (CBD, IPBES)
  • Strong agenda (Implementation plan, adequacy
    report, EBVs)
  • Interest of many individuals and organisations
  • But some major challenges
  • Lack of engagement/recognition at national level
  • Proper institutional arrangements (Sec/funding)

32
THANK YOU!
anne_at_diversitas-international.org
33
The Red List Index (IUCN) measures extinction risk
  • The Red List Index (RLI) for all these species
    groups is decreasing.
  • Coral species are moving most rapidly towards
    greater extinction risk
  • Amphibians are, on average, the group most
    threatened.

Source IUCN
34
Projections of species extinctions
Golden toad, Costa Rica, extinct since 1989 See
Pounds et al. 2006 Nature
Photo P. Leadley
Pereira, Leadley et al. 2010
35
DISTRIBUTION of TIPPING POINTS (GBO-3)
36
Some efforts to quantify
  • Target 5 By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural
    habitats, including forests, is at least halved,
    and where feasible brought to zero
  • Target 11 By 2020, at least 17 of terrestrial
    and inland water, and 10 of coastal and marine
    areas are conserved

37
Target 12 Prevented extinction of threatened
species
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