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Pilgrims

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Title: Pilgrims


1
Pilgrims
  • Dr, Joel B. Peckham, Jr

2
Pilgrims
  • "The Pilgrims a simple people, inspired by an
    ardent faith in God, a dauntless courage in
    danger, a boundless resourcefulness in the face
    of difficulties, an impregnable fortitude in
    adversity thus they have in some measure become
    the spiritual ancestors of all Americans.
    Samuel Eliot Morison, mid 20th century

3
Separatism
  • Develops out of reformation
  • Religious authority grounded solely in scripture,
    not pope or king
  • Literacy vital
  • Democratization Those who are to exercise any
    public function in the church should be chosen by
    common voice, Calvin
  • Leave England For Holland in 1608
  • Leave Holland for America in 1620

4
The Embarking, 1620
5
The Voyage
  • After they had enjoyed fair winds and weather for
    a season, they were encountered many times with
    cross winds and met with many fierce storms with
    which the ship was shroudly shaken, and her upper
    works made very leaky and one of the main beams
    in the midships was bowed and cracked, which put
    them in some fear that the ship could not be able
    to perform the voyage--Bradford

6
The Arrival
7
Bradford--
  • Being thus passed the vast ocean and a sea of
    troubles before in their preparation . . . They
    had now no friends to welcome them nor inns to
    entertain or refresh their weatherbeaten bodies
    no houses or much less towns to repair to, to
    seek for succour . . . .
  • Besides, what could they see but a hideous and
    desolate wilderness, full of wild beasts and wild
    men . . . .
  • For which way soever they turned their eyes (save
    upward to the heavens) they could have little
    solace or content in respect of any outward object

8
The Mayflower Compact
  • Haveing undertaken, for the glorie of God, and
    advancemente of the Christian faith, and honour
    of our king and countrie, a voyage to plant the
    first colonie in the Northerne parts of Virginia,
    doe by these presents solemnly and mutually in
    the presence of God, and one another, covenant
    and combine our selves togeather into a civill
    body politick, for our better ordering and
    preservation and furtherance of the ends
    aforesaid and by vertue hereof to enacte,
    constitute and frame shuch just and equall lawes,
    ordinances, acts, constitutions, and offices,
    from time to time, as shall be thought most meete
    and convenient for the generall good of the
    Colonie, unto which we promise all due submission
    and obedience. In witnes whereof we have
    hereunder subscribed our names at Cap-Codd the
    .11. of November, in the year of the raigne of
    our soveraigne lord, King James, of England,
    France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of
    Scotland the fiftie-fourth. Anno Dom. 1620
    William Bradford

9
The Beginning
10
  • Felicia Dorothea Hemans, 1808
  • "The breaking waves dashd hig
  • On a stern and rock-bound coast,
  • And the woods against a stormy sky
  • their giant branches tossd.
  • And the heavy night hung dark
  • the hills and waters oer,
  • When a band of exiles moord their bark
  • On the wild New England shore.
  • "Not as the conqueror comes,
  • they, the true-hearted, came
  • Not with the roll of the stirring drums,
  • And the trumpet that sings of fame
  • Not as the flying come,
  • In silence and in fear
  • They shook the depths of the desert gloom
  • With their hymns of lofty cheer.

"Amidst the storm they sang,And the stars heard,
and the seaAnd the sounding aisles of the dim
woods rangto the anthem of the free.The ocean
eagle soaredFrom his nest by the white waves
foam,And the rocking pines of the forest
roared,This was their welcome home."What
sought they thus afar?Bright jewels from the
mine?The wealth of seas, the spoils of war?They
sought a faiths pure shrine.Ay, call it holy
ground,The soil which first they trodThey have
left un-stained what there they found,Freedom
to worship God."
11
The Starving Time
In the first few months after landing 51 of 102
colonists perished. Without the help of Native
Americans the harvest of the following summer
that saved the colony could not have occurred
12
(No Transcript)
13
The First Thanksgiving
  • Edward Winslow, Mourt's Relation "our harvest
    being gotten in, our governour sent foure men on
    fowling, that so we might after a speciall manner
    rejoyce together, after we had gathered the
    fruits of our labours they foure in one day
    killed as much fowle, as with a little helpe
    beside, served the Company almost a weeke, at
    which time amongst other Recreations, we
    exercised our Armes, many of the Indians coming
    amongst us, and amongst the rest their greatest
    king Massasoyt, with some nintie men, whom for
    three dayes we entertained and feasted, and they
    went out and killed five Deere, which we brought
    to the Plantation and bestowed on our Governour,
    and upon the Captaine and others.  And although
    it be not always so plentifull, as it was at this
    time with us, yet by the goodnessr of God, we are
    so farre from want,  that we often wish you
    partakers of our plentie.

14
Treaty with Massasoit
  • 1. That neither he (Massasoit) nor any of his,
    should injurie or doe hurt to any of their
    peopl(e)..2. That if any of his did any hurte to
    any of theirs, he should send the offender, that
    they might punish him..3. That if any thing were
    taken away from any of theirs, he should cause it
    to be restored and they should do like to
    him..4. If any did unjustly warr against him,
    they would aide him if any did warr against
    them, he should aide them. He should send to his
    neighbours confederates, to certifie them of his,
    that they might not wrong them, but might be
    likewise comprised in the conditions of peace.

15
Lives of Pilgrims
16
Clothes
  • Pilgrim clothes were often made of wool and linen
    cloth. A Pilgrim boy would have worn stockings
    with garters to hold them up, breeches (pants), a
    doublet (short jacket), leather shoes, and
    perhaps a felt hat. A Pilgrim girl would have
    dressed in a petticoat, stockings with garters to
    hold them up, an apron, a waistcoat, leather
    shoes, and a linen coif on her head.

17
Houses
  • Pilgrim families lived in houses constructed of
    bark and branches. The roof was made of straw and
    vines. Most Pilgrim houses had a fireplace, one
    main room and a small upstairs space. Surrounding
    the village was a palisade a defensive barrier
    made of logs.

18
Leadership
  • Church and state were governed separately in
    Plymouth Colony.  The Governor, with the help of
    his Assistants, or council, presided over the
    General Court. Until 1639, the General Court was
    made up of the freemen of the colony, who
    assembled to vote on laws and try court cases. 
    After 1639 each town sent representatives to the
    General Court.
  • William Bradford was the long-time governor of
    Plymouth Colony, serving in that capacity almost
    continuously from 1621 until 1656. The Governor
    and his Assistants negotiated with the Wampanoag
    and other Native groups, as well as with other
    colonies.

19
Music--Psalms
  • Old Hundred

The Bay Psalm Book was the first book in English
to be printed in America Aim is not beauty but
accuracy, closeness to biblical text. Slow,
stern, elongated style of singing reflected the
need to line-out Each verseto read it it first
so that those without books could follow
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