The Excretory System

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The Excretory System

• Quiz 25D

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Primary functions

1. the removal of wastes and foreign substances from
   the blood
2. the removal of excess substances from the blood
3. the temporary collection and storage of these
   substances
4. the elimination of these substances from the body

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Organs of the excretory system

• Kidneys
• Ureters
• Urinary bladder
• Urethra

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Kidney
resemble two large, purplish-brown beans
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Kidney function
filter wastes from the blood and excretes them in
a liquid called urine
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Kidney
two healthy kidneys filter about 50 gallons of
blood daily
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Kidney
Blood flows into the kidney by way of the renal
artery
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Kidney
nephron the unit in the kidney that filters the
blood
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Kidney
healthy kidneys produce from 1-2 quarts of urine
daily
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main components of urine

• Urea
• Uric acid
• Water (95)

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Abnormal Colors of Urine
color cause or disorder
Black cancer or carbolic acid poisoning
Greenish jaundice
Milky infection producing pus
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Abnormal Colors of Urine
color cause or disorder
Red, brown, orange infection and hemorrhage in urinary system
Cloudy bacteria in urine, as in an infection
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Abnormal Components of Urine
component cause
Glucose diabetes mellitus
Protein kidney disease or heart disease
Acetone diabetes mellitus, starvation
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Abnormal Components of Urine
component cause
Amino Acid Crystals severe liver disease
Uric AcidCrystals gout
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ureters
tubes that carry the wastes to the urinary bladder
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urinary bladder
muscular bag that temporarily stores urine
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urethra
tube that leads from the bladder to the outside
of the body
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dialysis machine
often called an artificial kidney
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Disorders and Diseases of the Excretory System

• Quiz 25D Cont.

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KIDNEY FAILURE
abnormal condition in which the kidneys fail to
form urine. This disorder may be caused by
physical injury, bacterial infections, or
exposure to toxic chemicals
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KIDNEY STONES
accumulations of various mineral crystals in the
area of the kidney where the urine collects
before going into the ureter. Pain is caused as
the stone blocks the ureter, stopping urine from
passing to the urinary bladder. Drinking
sufficient amounts of water may possible prevent
kidney stones.
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FLOATING KIDNEY
a kidney that has been jarred from its usual
location and has become movable caused by a
severe injury or blow to the lower back can
occur after a very overweight person reduces body
fat