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Chapter 1 Sociology: An Introduction

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Chapter 1 Sociology: An Introduction The Sociological Imagination Sociology, The Human Science From Social Thought to Social Science Major Sociological Perspectives – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 1 Sociology: An Introduction


1
Chapter 1Sociology An Introduction
  • The Sociological Imagination
  • Sociology, The Human Science
  • From Social Thought to Social Science
  • Major Sociological Perspectives

2
Sociological Imagination
  • Ability to participate in social life and analyze
    the broader meanings of what is going on.
  • Habit of seeing events in terms of how they
    affect individuals prevents people from improving
    their society.

3
Levels of Social Reality
  • Micro level - behaviors of the individual and
    their immediate others
  • Macro level - whole societies and the ways they
    are changing
  • Middle-level - communities or organizations

4
Age of Enlightenment
  • Bacon, Descartes, Pascal and Leibniz recognized
    the social importance of scientific discoveries.
  • The rise of science transformed the social order.

5
Age of Revolution
  • Old order was breaking down as secular knowledge
    replaced sacred traditions.
  • Became evident that the scientific method could
    provide new answers.

6
Founders of Sociology
  • Karl Marx - explained transformations taking
    place as societies became urbanized.
  • Emile Durkheim - established the first scientific
    journal in sociology.
  • Max Weber-compared cities to show how new forms
    of government and administration were evolving.

7
Women in Sociology
  • Harriet Martineau - wrote sociological
    interpretations of the early phases of capitalism
    and modernity.
  • Ida B. Wells-Barnett - wrote about the new forms
    of discrimination and became a civil rights
    spokesperson.
  • Manjula Giri - example of a scholar-activist, a
    dual role that is increasingly common.

8
Major Sociological Perspectives
  • Interactionism - views social order and change as
    resulting from the interactions between
    individuals and groups.
  • Rational Choice - focuses on what people seem to
    be getting out of interactions and what they
    contribute to the relationship or larger group.

9
Major Sociological Perspectives
  • Symbolic interactionism -focuses on how social
    life is constructed through mundane acts of
    social communication.
  • Functionalism -asks how society carries out the
    functions it must perform.
  • Conflict Theory - the divisions of people into
    classes produces conflict.
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