Title: Lecture 19-20: Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code and Synthesis of Membrane Proteins
1Lecture 19-20 Protein Synthesis and the Genetic
Code and Synthesis of Membrane Proteins Reading
Assignment Chapter 40 and 43, pgs. 452-467 and
505-533 Harpers Biochemistry (25th
edition). Objective To know the major steps in
protein synthesis and the RNAs and proteins
involved in this process. To understand the
mechanism by which proteins are targeted to
specific cimpartments. I. Genetic code A.
Three nucleotides make one codon B.
"Universal" C. Degenerate D.
Commaless II. Translation A.
Initiation B. Elongation C.
Termination III. Targeting of proteins to
specific compartments A. Mitochondria B.
Membranes C. Lysosomes D. Secretion
2IV. Effect of mutations to the genetic code A.
Transition vs transversion B. Missense C.
Nonsense D. Frameshift V. Post-translational
processing A. Amino terminal
modification B. Signal sequences C.
Modification of individual amino acids D.
Phosphorylation E. Methylation F. Addition
of carbohydrate side chains G. Addition of
isoprenyl groups H. Addition of prosthetic
groups (i.e. biotin addition to heme of
cytochrome C) I. Proteolytic processing
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101. Binding of aminoacyl tRNA to the A site 2.
Formation of a peptide bond 3. Translocation.
The two steps in 3 occur simultaneously
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