Scientific Detectors Workshop 2005 - SDW2005AD - Taormina (Sicily) June 20-24

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Scientific Detectors Workshop 2005- SDW2005AD
-Taormina (Sicily)June 20-24

• A summary
• A) ESO Presentations
• B) Sicily
• C) Optical Detectors
• D) IR Detectors

Nineteen!

• Geography b) Culture
• c) Business d) Technology

GMosaics, CCD, CMOS
Gert
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ESO Presentations (I)

• D. Baade Optical Detector Team (oral)
  Optical Detector
  Systems at ESO
• F. Christen, K. Kuijken, C. Cavadore, D. Baade,
  O. Iwert, S. Deiries (poster)
  Fast CCD
  Conversion Factor Measurements in Images with a
  Vertical Gradient
• F. Christen, K. Kuijken, D. Baade, O. Iwert, S.
  Deiries, C. Cavadore (poster)
  CCD CTE
  Measurements Based on Signal Variance in Flat
  Field Images
• C. Cumani, A. Balestra, J. Stegmeier (poster)
  
  Software for the New General detector Controller

Prize Young Achiever
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ESO Presentations (II)

• S. Deiries, A. Silber, O. Iwert, E. Hummel, J.L.
  Lizon (oral)
  
  Plasma Cleaning A New Method of Ultra-cleaning
  CCD Cryostats
• S. DOdorico (oral)
  Requirements on
  Array Detectors from OWL Instrument Studies
• R. Dorn, G. Finger, A. Silber, S. Eschbaumer
  (poster) An Ultra-low Photon
  Background 1 to 5 micron Detector Mosaic Test
  Facility
• M. Downing, N. Hubin, M. Kasper, J. Reyes, M.
  Meyer, D. Baade e2v Ph. Feautrier, J.L. Gach
  (oral)
  
  A Dedicated L3 CCD for Adaptive Optics
  Applications
• J. Beletic, D. Figer, G. Finger, P. Love, R.
  Smith (oral) IR Detector Testing
  Characterization

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ESO Presentations (III)

• G. Finger (oral)
  Performance and Evaluation
  of Large-format 2Kx2K MBE-grown HgCdTe Hawaii-2RG
  Arrays Operating in 32-Channel Mode
• C. Geimer, C. Cumani, N. Haddad, J. Reyes, J.
  Valenzuela, B. Lopez (poster)
  Keep Control PULPO2 -
  ESOs New Housekeeping Unit

Prize Best Paper
In recognition of Gerts lifetime achievements,
a Minor Planet will be named Gert Finger
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ESO Presentations (IV)

• R. Gilmozzi (oral)
  
  Science, Technology, and Detectors for Extremely
  Large Telescopes
• O. Iwert, D. Baade, A. Balestra, A. Baruffolo, A.
  Bortolussi, F. Christen, C. Cumani, S. Deiries,
  M. Downing, C. Geimer, G. Hess, J. Hess, K.
  Kuijken, J. Lizon, H. Nicklas, R. Reiss, J.
  Reyes, A. Silber (oral)
  
  The OmegaCAM 16Kx16K CCD
  Detector System for the ESO VST
• J. Lizon, A. Silber (poster)
  Cooling
  System for the OmegaCAM CCD Mosaic

Prize The Project Most Likely to Succeed
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ESO Presentations (V)

• L. Mehrgan, N. Bezawada, R. Dorn, S. Eschbaumer,
  G. Finger, M. Meyer, J. Stegmeier, G. Woodhouse
  (poster)
  256-channel
  Data Acquisition System for VISTA Focal Plane to
  Read Out Sixteen 2Kx4K VIRGO Detectors
• M. Meyer, IRDT, ODT (oral)
  ESOs New General detector
  Controller
• R. Reiss, A. Balestra, C. Cumani, C. Geimer, J.
  Reyes, E. Marchetti (poster)
  We
  Must Be MAD Pushing FIERA to Its Limits
• R. Reiss, S. Deiries, J.L. Lizon, M. Meyer, J.
  Reyes, R. Bacon, F. Hénault, M. Loupias (poster)
  
  Slicing the Universe CCDs for MUSE
• J. Reyes, M. Downing, M. Meyer, L. Mehrgan, R.
  Conzelmann (poster)
  NGC Front-end for AO
  Applications and CCDs

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Sicily Geography
Mt. Etna still more omnipresent than ESO
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Sicily Culture
Archimedes would have held SDW250BC here
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Sicily Business
There was even detector test equipment on offer!
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Sicily Technology
Did you say latest trends? Pixelated images?
Even mosaics? Yawn
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CCDs General

• J. Tonry (UoH) Orthogonal Transfer Arrays
  (also advertised by
  Semiconductor Technology Associates)
• S. Tulloch (ING) L3 Vision works
• SNAP (LBNL/Dalsa) fully depleted CCDs first
  devices not perfect CRIC2 ASIC meets specs and
  expected in spring 2006
• Progress in many areas but no new technologies
  emerging
• MONSOON lost some partners, but advancing well
• Roundtable discussions little time left, mostly
  little effective
• GigaProjects
• CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor)
  vs. CCD

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Other Big CCD Projects Megacam _at_ MMT

• Commissioned 2004 November little information
• 36 CCDs with 2048x4608 pixels each (e2v ccd42-90)
• 2 more CCDs for autoguiding/focussing
• CCDs not tested installed out of the box
• Electronic CCD simulator
• 9x4 mosaic
• FoV 24 x 24
• Pixel size 0.08 arcsec (currently binned to 0.16
  arcsec)
• 4-5 e- read noise at 200 kpix/s
• CCD temperature range 7 degrees (pp)
• Filters (30 cm) from SAGEM
• Problems with large-scale structure in flat fields

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Other Big CCD Projects Pan-STARRs

• Near-Earth-Object (NEO) threat need all-sky
  monitor
• Must be 10x larger, 10x faster, 10x cheaper (per
  pixel)
• Four 1.8-m primaries on Hawaiian islands
• FoV 3 degrees
• Tip/tilt correction (10 Hz) with Orthogonal
  Transfer Arrays
• 8x8 OTAs with 8x8 512x512 pixels ( 1 Gpixel)
• Each OTA has 64 readout channels, only 8 enabled
  at any one time
• Readout time 2 s (1 Mpixel/channel/s)
• ASICs could not be procured 16-ch. acquis.
  boards (15 W)
• First light of proto-type with ¼ Gpixel in 2006
  January

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Other Big CCD Projects LSST(Large Synoptic
Survey Telescope)

• Was Dark-matter Telescope
• Single 8.4-m telescope
• FoV 3.5 degrees
• Two-hundred 4Kx4K CCDs
• High red response thick silicon,
  high-resistivity substrate
• 3.2 Gpixels
• Very fast camera (f1.2) mosaic flatness lt 5 µm
  rms
• 6400 readout ports (32/CCD)
• 2 s read time (250 kpixels/port/s)
• Considering hybrid Si PIN detectors bonded to
  CMOS
• Filters measure 76 cm across and are curved
• Pan-STARRS LSST based on Moores law?

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CCD versus CMOS (I)
CMOS Approach

• CCD Approach

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CMOS vs. CCD (II)
Property CCD Hybrid CMOS
Dimensions gt 4k x 4k 2k x 2k in use, 4k x 4k demonstrated
Pixel pitch 10 20 µm 18 40 µm, lt 10 µm demonstrated
Wavelength coverage 0.3 1 µm 0.5 - 1 µm (Si PIN) - 5 µm (InSb, HgCdTe)
Noise Few electrons Few electrons (with multiple sampling)
Shutter (Mechanical) Electronic, rolling shutter
Power Consumption High Typically 10x lower than CCD
Fill factor 100 ltlt 100 (but microlenses or vertical stacks)
Control Electronics High voltage clocks, need at least 2 chips Low voltage only, can be integrated into single chip
Special Modes Orthogonal transfer, binning Windowing, guide mode, random access, reference pixels
Dynamical range, linearity, pixel-response non-uniform. Good or excellent Imperfect
Blooming Must be suppressed No
Cost Standard (constant) High (decreasing)