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Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive Therapy Introduction to Clinical Psychology Discussion Section #3 ECT: A Successful Treatment with a Bad Reputation Acknowledge paper by Carrie ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Electroconvulsive Therapy


1
Electroconvulsive Therapy
  • Introduction to Clinical Psychology
  • Discussion Section 3

2
ECT A Successful Treatment witha Bad Reputation
  • Acknowledge paper by Carrie Schubert

3
Forerunners of ECT
  • Ancient Romans used electric fish to treat
    headaches
  • In early 1930s insulin therapy was used to
    induce seizures

4
First ECT Treatment
  • In 1938, Urgo Cerletti and Lucio Bini used
    electric current to induce seizures in a
    schizophrenic man
  • The patient fully recovered after 11 treatments
  • Use of ECT spread rapidly

5
ECT
  • Procedure is primarily used in the treatment of
    depression

6
Early ECT Procedures
  • Archaic procedures were used (Cuckoos Nest
    movie)
  • Restrained patients
  • No anesthesia
  • Strong electrical current

7
Current ECT Procedure
  • Todays procedure has low risk of injury
  • Strict procedural guidelines
  • Informed consent
  • Complete medical history
  • Physical exam, blood test and electrocardiogram
  • Done by psychiatrists, nurse and anesthesiologist

8
ECT Procedures
  • Patient is first anesthetized to relax muscles
    and prevent violent seizures
  • Patients heart rate and vital signs are
    monitored
  • Electrodes are placed either on one temple (for
    unilateral treatment) or both temples for
    bilateral treatment
  • A small amount of electrical current is passed
    through the brain to produce a seizure of less
    than 60 seconds

9
ECT Procedures (cont)
  • Patients are given two to three treatments a week
  • The number of tratments varies between patients

10
ECT Side Effects
  • Immediate memory impairment that clears
  • Risk of medial complications like any procedure
    involving anesthesia
  • Headaches, nausea and muscle pain can occur on
    treatment days

11
ECT Effectiveness
  • ECT results are quicker than anti-depressants
  • High relapse (like anti-depressant treatment)
  • Follow-up treatments needed
  • ECT has response rates of 80 to 90 as a
    first-line treatment
  • 50-60 for patients who have not responded to 1
    or more trials of antidepressant medication
  • American Psychiatric Association Committee on
    Electroconvulsive Therapy. The Practice of
    Electroconvulsive therapy Recommendations for
    Treatment, Training, and Privileging. 2nd ed.
    Washington, D.C. American Psychiatric
    Association 2001

12
ECT Informed Consent Tape
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