Case Study: Disinfection byproducts in a recently constructed public water supply

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Case Study Disinfection byproducts in a recently
constructed public water supply

• Maria OConnell, P.E.
• Kristine Wheeler, P.E.
• New York State Department of Health
• Glens Falls District Office

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Service Area
Intake
Wilton
Burnt Hills/ Ballston Lake CPWA
Global Foundries
Stillwater V/T Saratoga Hills
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SCWA Water System

• Hudson River
• Low Lift Pumps
• Raw Water Transmission Main
• Chemical Injection Permanganate, Coagulant
  (PACL) and Powder Activated Carbon (PAC)
• Mixing Basin
• Filter Pumps
• Membrane Filter Racks (14 MGD)
• Chemical Injection Chlorine and Caustic Soda
  (pH adjustment)
• Clearwell for chlorine contact time (1 MG)
• High Lift Pumps
• Finished Water Transmission Main (30 miles)
• Finished Water Storage at Global Foundries (5 MG)

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Purchase Customers

• Wilton
• Burnt-Hills-Ballston Lake
• Clifton Park Water Authority
• State Farm Insurance (via CPWA)
• Round Lake (via Clifton Park)
• Stillwater Village
• Stillwater Town
• Global Foundries
• Moreau (emergency connection pending 2013)
• Mechanicville (possible emergency connection)

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Global Foundries
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Source Hudson River

• Turbidity
• Color
• Natural Organic Matter (NOM)
• Total Organic Carbon (TOC)
• Algae

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Low Lift Pump Station
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Chemical Injection

• Sodium Permanganate
• Polyaluminum Chloride (PACL)
• Powder Activated Carbon (PAC)
• Taste Odor
• DBP Precursors
• Sodium Hypochlorite
• Caustic Soda

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Mixing Basin

• Pre-filter Chemical Mixing
• Short Detention Time
• No Significant Pretreatment
• Enhanced Coagulation BAT for DBPs

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Membrane Filters

• Pall Aria Membrane Microfiltration
• LT2ESWTR Giardia Crypto Removal
• Dissolved Matter, DBP Precursor Removal
• Membrane Fouling

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Lagoons

• No Discharge, no SPDES permit
• Increased filter cleaning frequencies caused
  increased recycle rates
• Increased DBP Precursor Loading

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Clearwell CT
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Finished Water Transmission Main

• About 30 miles
• 36 then 30 diameter
• Detention time
• Two smaller diameter pipes
• Back up
• Lower detention time

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Finished Water Storage

• Located at Luther Forest Technology Campus
• 5 Million Gallons
• Booster Chlorination
• Recirculation
• Dedicated to Global Foundries

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Total Trihalomethanes

• 2012 Running Annual Average (ug/l)

Public Water Supply Name Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Burnt Hills Ballston Lake WD 55.0 64.3 82.5 68.8
Clifton Park Water Authority 42.6 37.2 34.3 43.6
Round Lake Village 79.9 85.0 97.8 118.5
Saratoga County Water Authority 50.5 52.9 52.2 54.6
Saratoga Hills Park (Stillwater) 55.0 77.3 99.5 111.8
State Farm Insurance (Bldg 2) 87.0 107.8 120.2 144.5
Stillwater Village 36.0 55.7 74.7 86.8
Stillwater WD 1 41.3 51.0 85.8 104.3
Wilton Water Sewer Authority 29.6 31.6 34.2 50.0
Moreau Town (Queensbury) 49.8 61.5 57.2 53.5
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Total Trihalomethanes - CPWA

• 2012 Running Annual Average (ug/l)

Sample Site Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Blue Spruce Water Storage Tank 56.8 51.5 56.0 70.3
Boyack Rd. 0.0 0.0 4.0 3.2
Bruno Rd. Storage Tank 7.3 7.5 7.5 12.7
Grooms Tavern 23.3 21.8 25.3 25.6
Jonesville Fire Dept. 33.0 25.5 39.7 49.5
Riverview Rd. 25.5 21.0 23.5 22.5
Round Lake Rd. Metering 21.0 43.5 56.0 60.8
State Farm Regional Office (Bldg 1) 82.0 68.0 50.3 69.0
Sites only have 1 year of data
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Haloacetic Acids

• 2012 Running Annual Average (ug/l)

Public Water Supply Name Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Burnt Hills Ballston Lake WD 18.5 22.9 38.3 38.3
Clifton Park Water Authority 34.3 24.4 19.3 25.8
Round Lake Village 52.4 43.1 44.4 45.7
Saratoga County Water Authority 61.5 48.5 35.2 32.2
Saratoga Hills Park (Stillwater) 35.3 49.8 55.0 55.3
State Farm Insurance 36.3 36.0 36.0 39.0
Stillwater Village 35.0 53.7 57.3 60.5
Stillwater WD 1 20.5 25.5 31.3 32.8
Wilton Water Sewer Authority 25.0 20.1 27.4 40.5
Moreau Town (Queensbury) 18.8 18.8 22.5 24.5
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Haloacetic Acids - CPWA

• 2012 Running Annual Average (ug/l)

Sample Site Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Blue Spruce Water Storage Tank 46.8 32.3 31.5 44.0
Boyack Rd. 0.0 0.6 0.4 1.5
Bruno Rd. Storage Tank 4.3 4.0 3.7 6.2
Grooms Tavern 13.3 12.9 13.6 14.6
Jonesville Fire Dept. 30.0 20.0 19.6 29.0
Riverview Rd. 13.8 11.8 11.8 11.5
Round Lake Rd. Metering 30.0 26.5 34.7 41.0
State Farm Regional Office 29.3 34.8 36.3 52.0
Sites only have 1 year of data Sites only have 1 year of data Sites only have 1 year of data Sites only have 1 year of data Sites only have 1 year of data
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Factors for Evaluation

• Groundwater vs Surface Water
• Stage 1 vs Stage 2 DBP Rule
• Conventional vs Membrane
• Finished TOC Comparable
• NOM Species Reactivity Varies
• Detention Time

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Challenges

• Round Lake is on SNC List
• Stillwater Pending SNC List
• Stage 1 vs. Stage 2 DBP Rule
• Public Notification

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Looking Forward

• Permanganate has been added
• PAC trial at Raw Water PS
• Evaluate other oxidants and disinfectants
• Tank Aeration
• Increased Flows
• Distribution System Management
• Operator Training
• Carbon Filtration?
• Pretreatment?

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Thank you!