You can lower your chances of catching a communicable disease by learning about the causes and symptoms of these diseases, and how to avoid them.

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You can lower your chances of catching a
communicable disease by learning about the causes
and symptoms of these diseases, and how to avoid
them.
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• respiratory tract
• mucous membrane
• pneumonia
• jaundice
• cirrhosis

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Respiratory Infections
Many diseases begin as respiratory infections.
The respiratory tract connects the outside world
to the inside of your body.
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Respiratory Infections

• Many communicable diseases occur in the
  respiratory tract, the passageway that includes
  the nose, throat, and lungs.

Respiratory tract
The passageway that makes breathing possible
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Respiratory Infections
Avoid close contact with sick people.
If youre ill, stay home.
Avoiding Respiratory Infections
Wash your hands often.
Abstain from smoking.
Avoid touching your mouth, eyes, and nose.
Eat right and get physical activity.
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Common Cold

• The common cold is a viral infection that causes
  inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Mucous membrane
The lining of various body cavities, including
the nose, ears, and mouth
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Influenza

• Influenza, or the flu, is a viral infection of
  the respiratory tract.
•  
• Symptoms include high fever, fatigue, headache,
  muscle aches, and coughing.

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Influenza

• A flu vaccination protects you from one type of
  flu virus that may be common that year.
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• Getting a yearly flu vaccine is especially
  important for older adults and people with
  chronic health problems.

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Pneumonia

• In severe cases, the flu can lead to pneumonia.
  Its symptoms are similar to those of the flu.

Pneumonia
An infection of the lungs in which the air sacs
fill with pus and other liquids
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Pneumonia

• Viral pneumonia is sometimes treated with
  antiviral drugs.
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• Bacterial pneumonia, if diagnosed early enough,
  can be treated with antibiotics.

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Strep Throat

• Strep throat is a bacterial infection spread by
  direct contact with an infected person or through
  airborne transmission.
• Symptoms include sore throat, fever, and enlarged
  lymph nodes in the neck.

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Tuberculosis

• Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial disease that
  usually attacks the lungs.
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• Symptoms include fatigue, coughing, fever, weight
  loss, and night sweats.

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Hepatitis
There are three common types of hepatitis.
Hepatitis is a viral infection that causes
inflammation of the liver.
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Hepatitis

• One symptom of hepatitis is jaundice.

Jaundice
A yellowing of the skin and eyes
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Hepatitis

• Some people also develop cirrhosis.

Cirrhosis
Scarring of the liver
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Hepatitis

• Hepatitis A usually attacks the digestive system
  through contact with the feces of an infected
  person.
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• Common symptoms include fever, vomiting, fatigue,
  abdominal pain, and jaundice.

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Hepatitis

• Hepatitis B can be spread through sexual contact
  or contact with an infected persons blood.
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• It has symptoms similar to those of hepatitis A,
  but it can cause liver failure and cirrhosis.

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Hepatitis

• Hepatitis C can is most often spread by direct
  contact with needles that are contaminated with
  infected blood.

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Hepatitis

• Symptoms of Hepatitis C include jaundice, dark
  urine, fatigue, abdominal pain, and loss of
  appetite. It can lead to chronic liver disease,
  liver cancer, and liver failure.

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Other Communicable Diseases
Stay informed about communicable diseases.
The more you know about these diseases and how
they are transmitted, the better your chances of
not getting them.
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Other Communicable Diseases
Transmission
Type
Disease
Direct Contact
Virus
Mononucleosis
Direct or Indirect Contact
Virus
Measles
Vectors
Virus
Encephalitis
Direct or Indirect Contact
Virus or Bacteria
Meningitis
Direct or Indirect Contact
Virus
Chicken Pox
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After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary

1. How is a common cold different from the flu?

The symptoms of the flu, which include high fever
and fatigue, are more serious than the symptoms
of the common cold.
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After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary

1. What are three ways to prevent a respiratory
   tract infection?

Sample answer Avoid close contact with sick
people. Wash your hands often. Avoid touching
your mouth, eyes, and nose.
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After You Read Reviewing Facts and Vocabulary

1. Can hepatitis be treated successfully with
   antibiotics? Explain.

Hepatitis cannot be treated with antibiotics
because it is caused by a virus.
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