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Phonetics: The Sounds of Language

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Title: Phonetics: The Sounds of Language


1
Phonetics The Sounds of Language
  • The Phonetic Alphabet

2
What is Phonetics?
  • Phonetics The science, study, analysis and
    classification of speech sounds, including their
    production, transmission, and reception.
  • Pei Mario (1966) 205.

3
The main branches
  • Acoustic phonetics- deals with the physical
    properties of the sounds.
  • Auditory phonetics- studies listeners
    perception of these sounds.
  • Articulatory phonetics- how the vocal tract
    produces the sounds.

4
History
  • Although phonetics has a long history the first
    serious attempt to codify a universal phonetic
    alphabet encompassing a symbol for every known
    speech sound began with the International
    Phonetic Association (IPA) in 1888. It was
    continued by Daniel Jones and Paul Passy two
    influential British linguists.
  • IPA Homepage. tm

5
(No Transcript)
6
History
  • Daniel Jones demonstrates a kymograph i.e. a
    device for recording air pressure and speech
    movements and a palatogram to help adult
    foreigners learn to speak English like a native
    and acquire good pronunciation.
  • http//waij.com/oldbooks/phonetics

7
Table 6.6 Phonetic Symbols
  • Table 6.6 on page 264-265 of you text gives the
    Phonetic Symbol/English Spelling Correspondences
    for American English consonants and vowels.

8
The anatomy of a phonetic transcription
  • Word Transcription
  • Though

9
Step 1Break word into constituent elements
  • Though th-ou-gh

10
Step 2Assign correct phonetic symbols to each
unit
  • Though th-ou-gh
  • th ?
  • ou?
  • gh?

11
Step 2Assign correct phonetic symbols to each
unit
  • Though th-ou-gh
  • th d
  • ouo
  • ghsilent

12
Correct Phonetic Transcription
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • Though do

13
Practice 2
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • Thought

14
Practice 2Assign correct phonetic symbols to
each unit
  • Thought th-ou-ght
  • th ?
  • ou?
  • ghsilent
  • tt

15
Transcription 2
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • Thought ??t

16
Practice 3
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • rough

17
Transcription 3
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • rough r?f

18
Practice 4
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • bough

19
Transcription 4
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • bough baw

20
Practice 5
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • Through

21
Transcription 5
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • Through ?ru

22
Practice 6
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • would

23
Transcription 6
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • would wUd

24
French Transcription
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • tu

25
French Transcription
  • Spelling Pronunciation
  • tu ty

26
The pièce de résistance question 8 page 270-271
  • Write a phonetic transcription of the italicized
    words in the poem entitled English published
    long ago in a British newspaper.

27
The English Poem
  • I take it you already know
  • Of tough and bough and cough and dough?
  • Some may stumble, but not you,
  • On hiccough, thorough, slough and through?
  • So now you are ready, perhaps,
  • To learn of less familiar traps?
  • Beware of heard, a dreadful word
  • That looks like beard and sounds like bird .
  • And dead , its said like bed, not bead
  • For goodness sake, dont call it deed !
  • Watch out for meat and great and threat .
  • (They rhyme with suite and straight and debt .)
  • A moth is not a moth in mother ,
  • Nor both in bother, broth in brother .

28
The English poem line 1
  • I take it you already know

29
The English poem line 1
  • I take it you already know
  • Know no

30
Line 2
  • Of tough and bough and cough and dough?

31
Line 2 transcribed
  • Of tough t?f and bough baw and cough k?f
    and dough do?

32
Line 3
  • Some may stumble, but not you

33
Line 3 transcribed
  • Some may stumble, but not you ju

34
Line 4
  • On hiccough, thorough, slough and through?

35
Line 4 transcribed
  • On hiccough h?k?p, thorough ??ro, slough
    slu and through ?ru?

36
Line 5 and 6
  • So now you are ready, perhaps,
  • To learn of less familiar traps?

37
Line 7
  • Beware of heard, a dreadful word

38
Line 7 transcribed
  • Beware of heard h?rd, a dreadful word w?rd

39
Line 8
  • That looks like beard and sounds like bird.

40
Line 8 transcribed
  • That looks like beard bird and sounds like bird
    b?rd.

41
Line 9
  • And dead, its said like bed, not bead

42
Line 9 transcribed
  • And dead ded, its said sed like bed bed,
    not bead bid

43
Line 10
  • For goodness sake, dont call it deed!

44
Line 10 transcribed
  • For goodness sake, dont call it deed did!

45
Line 11
  • Watch out for meat and great and threat.

46
Line 11 transcribed
  • Watch out for meat mit and great gret and
    threat ?ret.

47
Line 12
  • (They rhyme with suite and straight and debt.)

48
Line 12 transcribed
  • (They rhyme with suite swit and straight
    stret and debt det.)

49
Line 13
  • A moth is not a moth in mother

50
Line 13 transcribed
  • A moth m?? is not a moth in mother m?d?r

51
Line 14
  • Nor both in bother, broth in brother.

52
Line 14 transcribed
  • Nor both bo? in bother bad?r, broth br??
    in brother br?d?r.

53
Finished Poem
  • I take it you already know no
  • Of tough t?f and bough baw and cough k?f
    and dough do?
  • Some may stumble, but not you ju,
  • On hiccough h?k?p, thorough ??ro, slough
    slu and through ?ru?
  • So now you are ready, perhaps,
  • To learn of less familiar traps?
  • Beware of heard h?rd, a dreadful word w?rd
  • That looks like beard bird and sounds like bird
    b?rd.
  • And dead ded, its said sed like bed bed,
    not bead bid
  • For goodness sake, dont call it deed did!
  • Watch out for meat mit and great gret and
    threat ?ret.
  • (They rhyme with suite swit and straight
    stret and debt det.)
  • A moth m?? is not a moth in mother m?d?r
  • Nor both bo? in bother bad?r, broth br??
    in brother br?d?r.

54
References
  • Fromkin , V. Rodman, R. An Introduction to
    Language, 7th edition. Orlando, FL Harcourt
    Brace. pp. 231-271.
  • www2.arts.gla.ac.uk/IPA/IPA.html
  • http//waij.com/oldbooks/phonetics
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