DRAWL OF MINE SAMPLES AND MITIGATION MEASURES FOR IMPACT OF MINING ON ENVIRONMENT

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DRAWL OF MINE SAMPLES AND MITIGATION MEASURES
FOR IMPACT OF MINING ON ENVIRONMENT
By
By
ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZPRESIDENT
INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN
ENGR. MUHAMMAD KHALID PERVAIZPRESIDENT
INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS PAKISTAN
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(No Transcript)
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• The earth planet on which we live is subjected to
  various wears and tears weathering agents
• The pollutions are being added progressively
  with the time to make the earth ecologically
  spoil, more vulnerable to distraction
• The depletion, dilution and pollution of
  resources are making the life less comfortable
  and tending the people to be more careful for
  their survival.
• The impact of mining which were not visible in
  the past are becoming more prominent and
  threatening to the social dimensions of the
  population.

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• The most environmental problems are over
  population, depletion of resources, pollution,
  equitable changes and wars.
• With the ever growing awareness about environment
  the much high challenges are ahead for the mining
  to adopt mitigating measures.
• universally accepted principals are
• Safe use and
• Pollutant pays
• Pollution prevention will be diligently adopted

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• The degree of inputs for developing awareness
  about environmental pollution are more indicated
  in rural population.
• The Coal Mining in Sindh ,Balochistan ,Nwfp
  Punjab is mostly underground, therefore the
  solid waste disposal and water contamination is
  the major challenge of the mine operators to
  safeguard environmental degradations.
• The Triangle of rights-
• The workers have the right to earn and safety.
• The public at large has the right for safe
  environments.

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• The employer has the right to exploit minerals
• Mining has peculiar nature of hazards constant
  monitoring on identified areas provides
  safeguards to the stake holders.
• Such monitoring is done by the provincial
  inspectorate but impact of mining on environment
  is mandated to EPA

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UNDERGROUND MINING
IMPACT MONITORING AGENCIES/ REMEDIAL MEASURES CONSOLIDATED ACTION PLAN
The Mining underground has peculiar circumstances which threaten the occupational safety of work person underground. Such as- Impact of mining underground Heat Poor Light Strata Control Oxygen Depletion Obnoxious Inflamable gas Noise Dust Humidity Mines Sample Laboratory to draw samples and ensure mining environments inconformity with threshhold limits Faithful implementation of mining regulations, Use of personal protective equipments And monitoring of mining environment through collection periodical samples
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IMPACT MONITORING AGENCIES/ REMEDIAL MEASURES CONSOLIDATED ACTION PLAN
Impact of underground mining on surface Subsidence Solid wastes dumpseffluents Mineral / coal dumps with spontaneous heating characteristics Mines Sample Laboratory to draw samples and ensure mining environments inconformity with threshold limits Faithful implementation of mining regulations, Use of personal protective equipments And monitoring of mining environment through collection periodical samples
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Surface Mining
QUARRYING
IMPACT MONITORING AGENCIES/ REMEDIAL MEASURES CONSOLIDATED ACTION PLAN
These operations are linked with crushing units cement plants. The emission of dust vibration and rock slipping are the major areas to be addressed besides eye-sore. Mines Sample Laboratory to draw samples and ensure mining environments inconformity with threshold limits Faithful implementation of mining regulations, Use of personal protective equipments And monitoring of mining environment through collection periodical samples
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Mine Effluents
IMPACT MONITORING AGENCIES/ REMEDIAL MEASURES CONSOLIDATED ACTION PLAN
The mine effluents passing down stream as such or without any treatment are adding chemical, biological pollutants which make the drinking water unfit for human consumption. Mines Sample Laboratory to draw samples and ensure mining environments inconformity with threshold limits Faithful implementation of mining regulations, Use of personal protective equipments And monitoring of mining environment through collection periodical samples
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SOLID WASTES
IMPACT MONITORING AGENCIES/ REMEDIAL MEASURES CONSOLIDATED ACTION PLAN
They create eye sore as well as high heaps with steeper slopes can cause unalarmed sleeping. Mines Sample Laboratory to draw samples and ensure mining environments inconformity with threshold limits Faithful implementation of mining regulations, Use of personal protective equipments And monitoring of mining environment through collection periodical samples
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PERCEPTION OF MINING BY ENVIRONMENTALISTS
IMPACT MONITORING AGENCIES/ REMEDIAL MEASURES CONSOLIDATED ACTION PLAN
The mining is perceived as un controlled activity and unfriendly to ecology. Geo Scientist perceived mining as a control activity and can be brought to environment friendly levels Mines Sample Laboratory to draw samples and ensure mining environments inconformity with threshold limits Faithful implementation of mining regulations, Use of personal protective equipments And monitoring of mining environment through collection periodical samples
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ACOUSTICS (NOISE) MITIGATION MEASURES

• Limit noisy activities (including blasting) to
  the least noise-sensitive times of day (weekdays
  only between 7 a.m. and 10 p.m.).
• All equipment should have sound-control devices
  no less effective than those provided on the
  original equipment. Muffle and maintain all
  construction equipment used.
• Notify nearby residents in advance when blasting
  or other noisy activities are required.
• Whenever feasible, schedule different noisy
  activities (e.g., blasting and earthmoving) to
  occur at the same time, since additional sources
  of noise generally do not add a significant
  amount of noise. That is, less-frequent noisy
  activities would be less annoying than frequent
  less-noisy activities.
• To the extent feasible, route heavy truck and
  rail traffic supporting mining activities away
  from residences and other sensitive receptors.

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AIR QUALITY MITIGATION MEASURES

• Mitigation measures to avoid or reduce air
  quality impacts from coal mining.
• Use dust abatement techniques on unpaved,
  un-vegetated surfaces to minimize airborne dust
  and during earthmoving activities, prior to
  clearing, before excavating, backfilling,
  compacting, or grading, and during blasting.
• Post and enforce speed limits to reduce airborne
  fugitive dust from vehicular traffic.

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• Re-vegetate disturbed areas as soon as possible
  after disturbance. (This should include interim
  re-vegetation along road beds once heavy
  construction is completed and heavy mining
  equipment has been moved in.)
• Keep soil and coal refuse moist while loading
  into dump trucks.
• Keep soil and coal refuse loads below the
  freeboard of the truck.
• Minimize drop heights when loaders dump soil and
  coal refuse into trucks.

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• Tighten gate seals on dump trucks.
• Cover dump trucks before traveling on public
  roads.
• Cover construction materials, stockpiled soils,
  and stockpiled coal refuse if they are a source
  of fugitive dust.
• Train workers to handle construction materials
  and debris to reduce fugitive emissions.
• Employ water injection or rotoclones on all
  overburden drills.
• Use chutes, drapes, or other means to enclose
  conveyor transfer points, screens, and crushers
  cover all conveyors.
• Install and use sprays of water for coal-handling
  and conveying equipment.
• Suppress and extinguish spoil and coal fires as
  soon as is reasonable and safely possible.

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ENVIRONEMNTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

• Physical Environments
• Water Resources
• Land Resources
• Biological Environments
• Flora
• Fauna
• Socio-Economic Human Environments
• Socio
• Economic
• EIA PROCEDURE
• Sufficient Positive Impacts
• Negative Impacts

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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND EVALUATION
REHABILITATION / DEVELOPMENT PLAN
1. Recycling of Overburden/Cycling waste 2.
Control of erosion and runoff. 3. Upbringing of
natural habitats and ecosystem. 4. Observance of
the NEQS. 5. Extensive Tree plantation.
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Overall Assessment of Environmental Impacts
Sr Environmental Impacts Impacts
Component Issue Positive Negative
1 PHYSICAL
Water - Channel water Quality
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Identification and Assessment of Negative Impacts
Sr. No. Environmental Environmental Negative Impact
Sr. No. Issue Impact Negative Impact
1 PHYSICAL
Water Flooding -1
Land Soil Erosion -1
Atmosphere/ Quarry Operation Dust Noise -1 -1
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MITIGATION MEASURES AND IMPLEMENTING AGENCIES
Sr. No. Negative Impact Mitigation Measures Implementing Agencies
1 Flooding - Construction of dykes/ embankments on recovered land, drainage system. - Increased forestry / cultivation. Forest department Three Stars Cement (Pvt.) Ltd. (Pvt.) Ltd.
2 Soil Erosion - Construction of dykes/ embankments on recovered land, drainage system. Increased forestry / cultivation. Forest department Three Stars Cement (Pvt.) Ltd. (Pvt.) Ltd.