Reading Skills

1

• Reading Skills

• Text Study

• Notes to the Text

• Words and Expressions

• Idea Sharing

2

• Reading for the Main Idea in a Paragraph

3
Reading Skills
Reading for The Main Idea

• The main idea of a passage is the thought that
  is presented from the beginning to
• the end.
• In a well-written paragraph, most of the
  sentences support, describe or explain the
• main idea.
• The main idea frequently appears in the first
  sentence, sometimes in the middle or at the
• end.

4
Reading Skills
1. Example from passage A (Para.7)
The U.S. is definitely a telephone
country. Almost everyone uses the telephone
to conduct business, to chat with friends,
to make or break social appointment, to
say thank you, to shop and to obtain all
kinds of information. Telephones save the
feet and endless amounts of time.
Main idea
The U.S. is definitely a telephone country.
5
Reading Skills
2. Exercises
? The first stage is called the honeymoon. In
this stage, you feel excitement about living
in a different place. And everything seems
to be marvelous. You like everything, and
everybody seems to be so nice to you. Also,
the amusement of life in a new culture seems
as though it will have no ending.
Main idea
The first stage of culture-shock adjustment is
the honeymoon.
6
Reading Skills
? Eventually, however, the second stage of
culture shock appears. This is the hostility
stage. You begin to notice that not everything
is as good as you had originally thought it
was. You become tired of many things about
the new culture. Moreover, people dont
treat you like a guest anymore. Everything
that seemed to be so wonderful at first is
now awful, and everything makes you feel
distressed and tired.
Main idea
The second stage of culture-shock, hostility
stage, eventually occurs.
7

• Question Answering

8
Text Study
Question Answering

• Can you imagine what you will definitely
  encounter when studying abroad for the first
• time? (Para.1)

Culture Shock
9
Text Study
2. Can you find some adjectives to describe
your feeling in honeymoon stage? (Para.2)
happy, good, curious, excellent

excited, marvelous, wonderful, comfortable,
10
Text Study
3. Can you describe the emotions in hostility
stage? (Para. 35)

• become tired of
• makes sb. feel
• everything is ,
• I feel

awful lonely indifferent homesick distressed
hostile isolated unfriendly rejected cold
11
Text Study
4. What may people usually do in hostility stage?
(Para.4)
People often devise some defense mechanisms to
cope with the effects of culture shock, such as
pretend, acceptable, nothing, bothers

• repression ______________________________
• regression ______________________________
• isolation ________________________________
• rejection ________________________________

child, forget, careless, irresponsible
not communicate, home alone
cope fine alone, need no help
12
Text Study
5. Are these mechanisms helpful? (Para.5)
not helpful
Theyre _________ on the contrary, they can
really ____ people, because they may prevent
people from ________________ ____________ the new
culture.
hurt
making necessary
adjustments to
13
Text Study
6. What may people usually do in recovery stage?
(Para.6)
People often start feeling ___________ and adjust
to the new ______, ______, ______ and ________.
more positive
norms
values
beliefs
traditions
7. What may people feel in adjustment stage?
(Para.7)
Watch the video clip and then answer the
question.
Lead-in video clip
14
Text Study
Lead-in video
15
Text Study
7. What may people feel in adjustment stage?
(Para.7)
People may feel _____. The things that initially
made people feel ____________, or _______ are
now things people can _________. So people feel
__________. they have adjusted to the new
culture.
good
uncomfortable
strange
understand
comfortable
16

• Active Expressions

• Focus Study

17
Notes to the TextActive Expressions
I. Active Expressions

1. because it separates you from those
things that could really help you. 2. After
you deal with your hostile feelings,
recognition of the temporary nature of culture
shock begins. (L36) 3. You recover from the
symptoms of the first two stages, (L40) 4.
It does not seem like a very helpful experience
when you are going through its four stages.
(L50)
Practice
18
Notes to the TextActive Expressions
separate from ... (cause things or people to) divide
deal with take action on, manage
recover from return to a normal state from
go through experience
19
Notes to the TextActive Expressions

• 1. ??????????,??????????????
• 2. ?????,????????????????
• 3. ????,????????????
• 4. ?????????,????????????

20
Notes to the TextActive Expressions
1. Brought up in town, the boy finds it difficult
to separate a poplar from a willow. 2. Being
a policeman for five years, he has learnt to
deal properly with all kinds of complicated
situations. 3. It usually takes a long time for
a person to recover from a bad cold. 4. How
can she keep smiling after all shes gone
through?
21
Notes to the TextFocus Study
II. Focus Study

• 1. Because your views may clash with the
  different beliefs, norms, values, and traditions
  that exist in different countries, you may have
  difficulty adjusting to a new culture and to
  those parts of
• the culture not familiar to you. (L5)

Because (adverbial clause of cause), and
traditions that (attributive clause), you may
have difficulty adjusting (main clause).
22
Notes to the TextFocus Study
??????????????????????????????????,???????????????
?????????,?????????
23
Notes to the TextFocus Study

• 2. you may have difficulty adjusting to a new
  culture(L7)

?(??)??? have difficulty (in) doing , have
difficulty with sth. ?(??)???? have no
difficulty (in) doing
Practice
24
Notes to the TextFocus Study

• ?????????,???????
• ??????????????????????
• ?????????????????

• His oral English is very poor and I have
  great difficulty in
• understanding him.
• They had no difficulty in finding the house
  where they had
• been born in their hometown.
• The girl seems to have a lot of difficulty
  with Chinese to
• English translation.

25
Notes to the TextFocus Study

• 3. You would rather be home alone, and
• you dont want to communicate with
• anybody. (L26)

would rather do than do ????? would
rather sb. did sth. ??????? rather than
??? other than ??(?????)
Translate
26
Notes to the TextFocus Study
Hed rather lose his job than make false
accounts. She, rather than you, should be
responsible for it. ????,?????????
???????,??????? ?????????????? You cant get to
the island other than by boat.
27

• Word Using

• Matching Games

28
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
I. Word Using
1. clash vi. ? disagree seriously about
sth. crash

• ????????????????
• ???????????

• Their views clash on the new tax bill with the
• old generation.
• The car clashed against the wall.

29
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
1. clash n. ? serious disagreementviolent
contact
?????????????????
The demonstration ended in a violent clash with
the police.
30
Words and ExpressionsWord Using

• 2. have difficulty (in) doing sth./with n.
• ? ?????

Did you have any difficulty adjusting to
university life when you were a freshman?
Well, I did have some difficulty in Oh, I
had difficulties with
31
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
3. (sth.) be familiar to sb. ?
??, ??
????????????????????
He talked of other cultures as if they were more
familiar to him than his own.
32
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
3. (sb.) be familiar with sth. ??
Are you familiar with the rules of baseball?
?????????
33
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
4. amuse vt. make sb. laugh or smile
? ?,??

• The children amused themselves by playing
• hide-and-seek games.
• ??????????????

• ????????????
• We were all amused at his foolish behavior.

34
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
5. cope with vi. manage
successfully
?????????????
I was amazed at her ability to cope with the
difficult situation.
35
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
6. isolate vt. separate sb. /
sth. from

• ????????,???????????
• Sufferers from the infectious disease are
• isolated.

• Several villages have been isolated by
• lack of buses.
• ????????????????

36
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
7. reject vt. refuse to accept
?????
???????????????
He rejected their invitation point-blank.
37
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
8. favorable adj. ? helpful,
suitable
???????????
The weather seemed favorable for the race.
38
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
8. be favorable to ? giving or
showing agreement

• ?????????
• The book received a favorable review.

• They are favorable to the proposal.
• ?????????

39
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
9. distinction n. ? special
element, unique quality
Jupiter has the distinction of being the largest
planet.
???????????????????
40
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
9. distinction n. ? difference
or contrast between one person /
thing and another

• ?????????????
• ??????????

• What is the distinction between butterflies
• and moths?
• Employers should hire men and women
• without distinction.

41
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
10. appreciate vt. ?
understand and enjoy sth. value highly
understand sth. with sympathy

• ???????????
• ?????????????????

• Her talent for music was not appreciated.
• I am afraid you have not appreciated the
• urgency of the matter.

42
Words and ExpressionsWord Using
10. appreciate vi. ? increase
in value
??????????,????????
With the fast development of the society, land
will continue to appreciate.
43
Words and ExpressionsMatching Game

• II. Matching Game

g
__ fascinating __ appreciate __ marvelous __
clash __ cope with __ be hostile to __ devise
a. understand and enjoy b. be of an enemy c.
think out, design d. wonderful, outstanding e.
disagree seriously f. deal with
successfully g. interesting and attractive
a
d
e
f
b
c
44

• Discussion

45
Idea Sharing
Discussion
What Causes Culture Shock?
Usually when a person moves to live in a foreign
country, he or she may experience a period of
culture shock. What in fact causes culture shock?
Watch the lead-in video clips, then discuss
and get a conclusion.
Lead-in video clips
46
Idea Sharing
Lead-in video 1
47
Idea Sharing
Lead-in video 2
48
Idea Sharing
Lead-in video 3
49
Idea Sharing
education, health, love, value, ideas, legal
rights, parenting, race, morality, scientific
achievements, life style
The different ways to cause in The
different views on lead to The
Chinese/American way to is The
Chinese/Americans think is
50
Idea Sharing
Cultural differences cause culture
shock.
51
The End of Section B
To Horizon
To Task