Todor Kableshkov Higher School of

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Todor Kableshkov Higher School of  Transport
TR/05/B/F/PP/178 009 MODULAR TE Country Report
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1. Common information. Levels of professional
training in Bulgaria

• Mechanic
• Specialist
• Bachelor
• Master
• Doctor

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Teachers (trainers) qualification
1. According to the low teachers (trainers)
qualification depends on the level of
professional training 2. There are special
requirements for certain professions/subjects.
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Centers for professional training

• Common professional training center
  self-dependant or connected to certain other
  organization (enterprise) students study only
  professional subjects and obtain diploma for
  Mechanic in certain profession students age
  18 65 years duration of training 1 24
  months, depends on the course.

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Centers for professional training

• Technical Gymnasium (the old variant is Tehnikum)
  usually Governmental centers students study
  common educational and professional subjects and
  obtain diploma for High education level and for
  Mechanic in certain profession students age
  15 18 (19) years for regular training, the age
  could be extended to 65 years for extramural
  students.

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Centers for professional training

• Universities - students study common educational
  and professional subjects and obtain diploma for
  Higher education level and certain profession
  students age 18 (19) 21 (28) years for
  regular training, the age could be extended to 65
  years for extramural students. Students could
  obtain diploma for Specialist, Bachelor, Master
  or Doctor degree, depends on the program of
  training.

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Common requirements for all kind of trainers

• To have Higher education Diploma in the field of
  the training (at least Specialist)
• Usually the trainers level of education should
  be at least the same of the target level of
  education of the students. Exceptions are
  admitted in subjects where special manual skills
  are needed (for example in Welding) when students
  have practice.

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An example of professional training structure
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Possible technology subjects division

• Common technology subjects (they give the
  fundament of training, common technical culture)
• Profesionalizing subjects (they give knowledge
  and abilities in certain profession, personal
  attitude to profession)
• Specializing subjects (they give knowledge and
  abilities in a specialty).

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Subjects content

• The subject content is classical and depends on
  the matter of the subject
• For example the subject Metal Cutting Machines
  and Equipment is in the Metal-working and
  Machinery learning field and content is
• 1. Concept of cutting process kinematics,
  dynamics, regimes, physico-mechanical phenomena
  related to cutting process.
• 2. Cutting tools and instrumental materials.
• 3. Machine tools types, characteristics
  constructive, kinematical, technological.
• 4. Turning on a lathe technological
  possibilities, instruments, machines.
• 5. Processing of openings drilling, countersign,
  reamering, technological possibilities, tools,
  machines.
• 6. Milling cutters technological possibilities,
  tools.
• 7. Grinding machines technological
  possibilities, tools, machines.
• 8. Grating and gouging machines - technological
  possibilities, tools, machines.
• 9. Broaching machines. Instruments.
• 10. Tooth-working machines technological
  possibilities, tools, machines.
• 11. Thread-broaching.

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Subject basic objectives

• The Basic objectives depend on the concrete Unit
  name and on the Learning field
• For example the basic objectives of the subject
  Metal Cutting Machines and Equipment are
• 1. Formation of professional skills for work and
  adjustment of metal-cutting machines.
• 2. Skills for preliminary preparation of tools
  and machines for elaboration of detail when there
  is assigned drawing.

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Learning outcomes

• The Learning outcomes depend on the concrete
  Unit name and on the Learning field
• For example the Learning outcomes of the subject
  Metal Cutting Machines and Equipment are
• 1. In the end of the training students must know
  concept of the working process by means of
  cutting factors influencing the right going of
  process
• 2. To analyse physical and heat phenomena during
  the process of cutting and their influence on
  quality and preciseness of the working materials.
  
• 3. To choose right cutting tools according to
  their description, constriction and materials
  they are made of.
• 4. To analyse elements and regimes of cutting
  and their influence on preciseness and quality of
  working surfaces and efficiency of labour.
• 5. Kinematic and technological peculiarities of
  metal-cutting machines, the structural building
  and controlling.
• 6. To describe the structure, main functions and
  technological possibilities of most frequently
  used metal-cutting machines.
• 7. To read kinematic schemes of metal-cutting
  machines.

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Evaluation methods

• We use traditional methods for evaluation
• During professional training we use tests.
• Evaluation of practice work (students prepare
  protocols of workshops that they had).
• Final evaluation (exams) on the base theoretical
  and practice knowledge.

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Tools / Materials used in the applications

• We use traditional Tools / Materials used in the
  applications for training like classrooms,
  laboratories, workshops, ICT etc.
• To obtain a Governmental certificate for training
  an institution has to have all tools materials
  that are necessary for training. A special
  Governmental commission appreciate the equipment
  that the professional centre use.

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Common rules about competences assessment in
order a person to be a trainer

• The specialist should have engineering diploma
  (at least Bachelor)
• The specialist should graduate
• - the subject that trains if it is common
  technical subject (or very closed one)
• - the profession that trains if the subject is
  professionalizing
• - the profession that trains and to have
  post-graduating specialty if the subject is under
  specialization.

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2. Requirements for teachers/trainers at Common
professional training centers

• Every common professional training center has its
  independent politic, including for
  teachers/trainers qualification, so to be rival
  on the free market
• Usually the teachers are ex-specialists in the
  enterprises that they train students for
• If there are additional requirements/certificates
  according special Laws/Regulations (for example
  EN), so the trainers should have these
  certificates.

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3. Special requirements for teachers/trainers at
Professional Gymnasiums

• An applicant for teacher on technology should
  successfully passed course on Pedagogy. In that
  way the applicant will have advantages when
  he/her applies as a teacher, he/she will have
  bigger salary
• Usually the course is carried out after the basic
  teachers training (in University)
• The School makes competition for teacher and
  special commission, appreciates the applicants
  and chooses the best one according to preliminary
  prepared criteria.

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About course on Pedagogy

• Could be organized by a certificated University
  with traditions in Pedagogy
• Should be organized according to National rules
  in the particular fields
• The curricula should be approved by the Ministry
  of Education
• There is no remarkable changes in the system of
  training on technology teachers during the last
  30 years.

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Course on Pedagogy Curricula (a variant)

• Psychology of Children and Adults
• Personal Psychology
• Pedagogical Psychology
• Training Methods
• Training Technologies
• Didactics
• Didactic Appliances and Methods

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Course on Pedagogy description

• Technology Specialists study classical subjects
  on Pedagogy
• The course on Pedagogy is common for all kind of
  specialists (technology, natural science) there
  is no specific features for Technology
  Specialists training
• Duration of every subject is between 60 and 200
  hours, about 50 theory and 50 practice. There
  is not any remarkable deviation in Curricula of
  courses carried out at the training institutions.

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Course on Pedagogy Final exam

• The course finishes with a final exam. A special
  independent commission is nominated in order to
  evaluate students knowledge and abilities.
• The course has to be Nationally recognized, so
  the final exam to have the statute Governmental
  Exam. For that reason a representative of
  Ministry of Education has to take part in the
  commission.
• After successful passing of the final exam a
  student obtains a diploma on Pedagogy and could
  apply as a teacher in the High (Secondary) system
  of training in the fields of technology and
  natural science as well.

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Teacher training

• Teachers have a few opportunities to increase
  their pedagogy activities in the Higher School
  Governmental system
• There is a special institute (Institute for
  Teachers Elaboration) that offers free/paid
  courses on different aspects of Pedagogy. Courses
  could be organized by other institutions as well
• Results that teachers achieve during the training
  are Nationally recognized if the courses are
  coordinated with the Ministry of Education.

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Teachers motivation to visit post graduation
courses on Pedagogy

• There are opportunities for teachers to have
  promotions in school system (according the
  Regulation 5 from the Low of Education)
• The courses help teachers realization in
  Schools
• There is teachers evaluation session on certain
  period of time, so for teachers is good to have a
  good evaluation.

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What kind of courses are available

• Methods of training on technology subjects for
  this aim the subjects are grouped according to
  their similarities (for example, Informatics,
  Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy,
  Machine Science etc)
• Course on Pedagogy, Social Pedagogy, Pedagogical
  Psychology, Management of Education.

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How long these courses are

• Short duration courses about 40 72 hours
  total, 50 hours theory and 50 hours practice.
  The courses finish with discussion. Every teacher
  receive certain number of credits according to
  the National system of evaluation As much the
  hours are, so much the credits a teacher receive.
• Middle duration courses 72 hours total 50
  hours theory and 50hours practice. The courses
  finish with a training project.
• Long Duration courses 200 hours total 50 hours
  theory and 50hours practice. The courses finish
  with a training project and teachers obtain
  diploma for next level of qualification.

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About courses organization

• Every year possible courses for training are
  announced by the Institute
• The courses could be carried out at the Institute
  (in Sofia) but certain ones could be organized in
  country
• To enroll in a course a teacher should satisfy
  the conditions needed (for example practice,
  level of qualification) according the National
  rules.

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4. Special requirements for lecturers/trainers at
Universities

• The University organizes competition (theoretical
  exam) for Professor Assistance on certain
  profession and special commission, appreciates
  the applicants and chooses the best one according
  to preliminary prepared criteria
• The commission appreciates both professional and
  personal abilities of applicants and choose the
  best applicant
• The nominated applicant starts working at the
  University together with his/her more experienced
  colleagues.

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Special requirements for lecturers/trainers at
Universities

• The University could organize a competition (only
  by documentary evaluation) for Professor
  (Associated Professor) on certain profession and
  two official specialists give their independent
  evaluation for applicants, and offer the best.
  The criteria are connected to the subject that
  applicant like to teach and pedagogy skills have
  less importance. A special Science Council choose
  by secret voting the best one
• A Governmental Council takes care about the
  procedure and confirms/rejects the chosen
  applicant.

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Analyses

• These facts show that we pay remarkable attention
  of specializing and science skills, knowledge and
  profession more than of pedagogical skills.

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How the University Curricula is prepared and
Bulgarian traditions in this field
We created our system of education with close
connections with other European systems in
Engineering training.
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Preliminary studied subject at University

• Presentation of relatively part of subject hours
  from total students obligatory hours.
• Natural sciences (Mathematics, Chemistry,
  Physics) and Humanitarian subjects 19
• Common Engineering and Economic subjects
  38
• Professionalizing and specializing subjects -
  43

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Pedagogy training of University lecturers

• University lecturers could visit course on
  Pedagogy (but it doesnt give them opportunities
  for promotion)
• There are commissions at University that are
  formed by lecturer on a subject. These
  commissions take care about methods of training
  and pedagogical skills of lecturers
• Opened lessons (with students and members of
  certain commission) are carried out. After the
  lesson every member of commission could give
  opinion/recommendations how the lesson could be
  improved.

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Additional opportunities for pedagogical growing
of University lecturers

• Participation in Specializing Conferences
  (National/International) as a lecturers or
  listeners
• Producing training literature (methods, manuals,
  books)
• Lecturing as a guest lector in other University.

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Possible deviation from the common rules

• Reason special pedagogical requirements are
  available
• Besides common pedagogical training ,students
  study special subjects. For example, students
  trained for Instructor for Driving profession
  study subjects like How to teach students to
  drive (on instructors seat - about 80 hours of
  theory and practice. This is just an example for
  possible deviation from the common standard
  procedure of some professional training on
  pedagogy in special fields, where special
  requirements are available.)
• Students study these additional subjects in order
  to obtain special abilities for successful future
  professional realization. Usually these
  exceptions are in high responsible fields with
  remarkable social effect.
• The future According us common European rules
  will be available soon.

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Other forms of Technology training

• Children clubs, groups in Technology Science for
  beginners
• Primary School a subject Base of Technology
  Science
• There is a special course on Children Pedagogy.
  Pedagogy education of trainers is not obligatory
  but is desirable.

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Thank you for your attention