Manual Muscle Testing - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 29
About This Presentation
Title:

Manual Muscle Testing

Description:

... Technicians assist the disabled by fabricating the orthopedic braces (orthoses) and artificial limbs (prostheses) necessary for their rehabilitation. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:836
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 30
Provided by: Patr90
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Manual Muscle Testing


1
Manual Muscle Testing
  • An evaluation system for diagnosis of disease or
    dysfunction of the musculo-skeletal and nervous
    systems

2
Purpose
  • Measures the capability of muscles or groups to
    provide support and movement
  • Diagnostic tool
  • Postural balance
  • Gait impairment
  • Range of motion
  • Uses little equipment
  • Obtains information not defined by other
    procedures

3
Precautions
  • Do No Harm (use gentleness)
  • Know ROM limits
  • Follow procedure
  • Record
  • Promptly
  • Accurately

4
To Get Standardized Results
  • Proper training and education
  • Knowledge base of anatomy, physiology and
    neurology of muscle function
  • Follow precise testing protocol
  • Practice, Practice, Practice
  • A skill developed and maintained with number of
    cases

5
Validity and Accuracy
  • Coordinate the muscle testing findings with other
    standard diagnostic procedures
  • The amount of pressure used to test may vary
    between persons performing the test.
  • The amount of strength loss must be greater than
    approximately 20to 30 to be dependably
    measurable
  • Comparison of both sides is a better indicator of
    loss

6
Muscles
  • 3 Types Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac
  • Skeletal around 40 of muscle composition
  • Generally voluntarily controlled
  • Composed of fibers
  • Work in groups
  • Movement depends on how the muscles are attached

7
Structure of Muscle
http//en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Anatomy_and_Physiolog
y_of_Animals/Muscles
8
How Do Muscles Cause Movement
  • Origin- where the muscle is attached to the bone
    this bone will move very little
  • Insertion- muscle attachment to bone with most
    motion
  • Belly of muscle- part of muscle that enlarges on
    contraction

9
Muscle Groups
  • Quadriceps
  • Hamstrings
  • Calf
  • Low back
  • Abdominals
  • Pectoralis major
  • Rhomboids
  • Trapezius
  • Latisimus dorsi
  • Deltoids
  • Biceps
  • Triceps

10
Conduct Strength Testing
  • Correct positioning is essential (Start in
    extended anatomical position)
  • Place muscle to be tested in a supported position
    directly opposed to gravity
  • Exert uniform force directly on the line opposing
    movement

11
Testing of Bicep Tricep
  • Support humerus where gravity is against the
    bicep and tricep, client in anatomical position
  • Move elbow through full ROM (Passive ROM)
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Internal rotation
  • External rotation

12
Maneuver to Assess Muscle Strength
  • With arm in full extension, pull downward on
    forearm while client attempts to flex.
  • With arm flexed, apply pressure against forearm,
    ask client to straighten arm.
  • When performing muscle tests, be sure to evaluate
    for asymmetry of the muscle groups (i.e. atrophy
    on one side and not the other) and landmarks
    prior to testing.

13
Use the following scale to rate strength
  • 0-No movement, no contraction of the muscle
  • 1- Trace, evidence of muscle contraction but no
    joint movement
  • 2- Poor, complete range of motion with gravity
    eliminated
  • 3-Fair, complete range of motion against gravity
  • 4- Good, complete range of motion against gravity
    with moderate resistance
  • 5-Normal, complete range of motion against
    gravity with maximal resistance without evidence
    of fatigue

14
Other Test Results
  • Weakness defined as a strength below fair in
    non weight bearing muscles below fair in
    weight bearing muscles
  • Contracture degree of shortness in muscle, so
    it cannot move through ROM
  • Substitution weak muscles are supported by
    other muscles to move

15
Active ROM
  • Instruct client to move the elbow through ROM
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Internal rotation
  • External rotation
  • Normal ROM is measured by goniometer
  • Elbow flexion 0-160
  • Elbow extension 145-0
  • Elbow pronation (rotation inward) 0-90
  • Elbow supination (rotation outward) 0-90

16
Strength Test Example
  • Gastrocnemius (Ankle plantar flexion)
  • Patient Standing
  • Rises on toes, pushing weight upward

17
Case Study to Follow
  • Take patient hx to determine diagnosis
  • Assessment of muscle strength
  • Set objectives
  • Implement a plan
  • Evaluate progress

18
Case Study
  • Drop Foot
  • weakness of muscles that are involved in flexing
    the ankle and toes.

19
Clinical Muscle Evaluation
  • Typical podiatric ankle strength evaluation
    consists of plantar flexion, dorsiflexion,
    eversion and inversion testing

20
Dorsiflection Testing
  • Tibialis Anterior
  • Support leg above ankle
  • Apply pressure against medial side, dorsal
    surface of the foot, in the direction of plantar
    flexion of the ankle joint and eversion of the
    foot. Test dorsiflection directly.

21
Dorsiflection Testing
  • Extensor Hallucis Longus
  • Stabilize foot in slight plantar flexion
  • Pressure applied against dorsal surface of distal
    and proximal phalanges of the great toe in
    direction of flexion. Test big toe extension.

22
Dorsiflection Testing
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Stabilize foot in slight plantar flexion
  • Apply pressure against dorsal surface of the toes
    in the direction of flexion. Test extension of
    toes.

23
Summary
  • Manual Muscle Testing is clinical tool used to
    evaluate patient
  • Need information in order to develop orthotic
    treatment plan

24
END
  • Questions?

25
Conditions
  • A list of conditions treatable with Applied
    Kinesiology

26
All about muscles
  • http//www.emporia.edu/ksn/v42n1-january1996/shape
    .htm

27
  • This power point is based on information found on
    the Illinois Institute of Technology web site
    where students developed resources to be used in
    education in Latin America. I modified the
    original power point to be used by high school
    students in the Healthcare Science classroom.
  • Pat Rape

28
  • http//www.lhup.edu/yingram/jennifer/webpage/homep
    age2.htm
  • http//www.iit.edu/ipro309s08/links.html
  • http//www.bulowbiotech.com/intromov.html

29
Careers
  • http//francistuttle.com/classes/ctp/details.aspx?
    PRGID13
  • Orthotic Prosthetic (O P) Technicians assist
    the disabled by fabricating the orthopedic braces
    (orthoses) and artificial limbs (prostheses)
    necessary for their rehabilitation. O P
    Technicians are trained and skilled to provide
    comprehensive O P technical support services
    and possess the knowledge to interact with
    clinical prosthetists and orthotists. You will
    acquire knowledge in polymer processes, strength
    of materials and applied biomechanical principles
    to develop and totally customize an orthosis or
    prosthesis. Providing O P care involves the
    application of clinical and technical processes
    to meet patient rehabilitation objectives.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com