HRM 601 Organizational Behavior

1
HRM 601 Organizational Behavior

• Session 3
• Individual Difference, Personality Attitudes

2
Individual Performance Factors

• Individual Abilities
• Effort
• Organizational Support

3
Personality

• A relatively stable
• And unique
• Pattern of behavior, thoughts emotions
• Shown by an individual

4
Eriksons Psycho-Social Model of Personality
Development

• Infancy Trust vs Mistrust
• Toddler-hood Autonomy vs Shame
• Childhood Competency vs Inferiority
• Adolescence Identity vs Role confusion
• Early Adulthood Intimacy vs isolation
• Middle Adulthood Generativity vs stagnation
• Late Adulthood Ego integrity vs despair

5
The Big Five Personality Traits

• Conscientiousness
• Organized, self-disciplined, responsible
• Disorganized, undisciplined, irresponsible

6
Big Five Contd

• Extroversion - introversion
• Sociable, talkative, active
• Sober, quiet, reserved

7
Big Five Contd

• Agreeableness
• Good-natured, gentle, cooperative, forgiving
• Cantankerous, irritable, uncooperative

8
Big Five Cont

• Emotional stability
• Calm. enthusiastic, secure
• Anxious, depressed, angry, insecure

9
Big Five Cont.

• Openness to experience
• Imaginative, creative, sensitive
• Insensitive, narrow, unimaginative

10
Other Traits

• Locus of control
• Internal vs external
• Self-monitoring
• High self-monitors vs Low self-monitors

11
Cognitive Ability

• General intelligence -- ability to think
  analytically, reason, problem solve
• Verbal
• Numerical
• General knowledge
• Reasoning ability
• Spatial ability

12
Physical Ability

• Motor skills manual dexterity, eye-hand
  coordination, reaction time
• Fitness strength, stamina

13
Measuring Personality Ability

• Reliability The extent to which test scores are
  consistent from time to time
• Validity Extent to which a test is actually
  measuring what it claims to measure

14
Measuring Personality Ability

• Projective tests Test which use ambiguous
  stimuli to measure personality.
• Objective tests Inventories or questionnaires
  used to measure personality. These are scored by
  any objective key so there is no room for
  interpretation to answers

15
Attitude Defined

• Stable cluster of
• Feelings
• Beliefs
• and Behavioral Intentions
• Towards specific people, things, or events

16
Attitudinal Components

• Beliefs -- cool thoughts
• Feelings -- hot emotions
• Behavioral intentions -- tendency to respond or
  behave consistent with attitude

17
Developing an Attitude

• Information
• Learning
• Modeling

18
Predicting Behavior

• Thought and feeling consistency
• Subjective norms
• Direct experience
• Attitude accessibility

19
Job Satisfaction

• Feelings,
• Beliefs, and
• Evaluations of a persons job

20
Herzbergs Two Factor Theory

• Motivators
• personal growth
• recognition
• responsibility
• promotion opportunities
• achievement

21
Two Factor Theory, Cont.

• Hygiene
• supervision
• pay
• company policies
• working conditions
• co-workers
• job security

22
Consequences of Job Satisfaction

• Withdrawal behavior
• Absenteeism
• Turnover
• Time theft

23
Influences of Job Satisfaction

• Quality supervision
• Fair pay
• Empowerment
• Person-job fit

24
Organizational Commitment

• Extent to which an individual
• Identifies with,
• Is involved with,
• Is unwilling to leave
• The organization

25
Consequences of Organizational Commitment

• Continuance
• Willingness to make shared sacrifices
• Organizational citizenship

26
Influences of Organizational Commitment

• Social responsibility
• Enriched jobs
• Participatory management
• Aligning workers interests with company
• Demonstrating trust