World War 1

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World War 1 1914-1918

• The War to End all Wars
• The Great War

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Causes of WWI

• Nationalism a strong sense of believing in ones
  own country to where your own country is better
  than any other
• Alliance systems countries form a huge alliance
  with each other in order to intimidate other
  countries from attack them
• The Triple Alliance-Germany, Austria, Hungary,
  and Italy
• The Triple Entente- France, Great Britain, and
  Russia
• Balkan crisis in 1908 Austria-Hungary annexed
  Bosnia nationalists there angry about it
• Militarism glorification of the military Many
  countries were preparing for war even before they
  had anyone to fight

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The Spark that Set the War on FireThat lit the
powder keg

• June 28, 1914, Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir
  to the Austrian throne, was Assassinated during a
  visit to a rival country
• He was shot by a Serbian terrorist, member of the
  Black Hand
• Hungary had imperial control over Serbia (Serbia
  was key in controlling the Balkans
• Serbian (Balkan) nationalists didnt like it so
  to show it they assassinated the archduke
• Alliance system goes into effect
• Russia declares war on Austria-Hungary
• Germany declares war on Russia
• France declares war on Germany
• Great Britain declares war on Germany because GB
  had allied with France and Germany had attacked
  neutral Belgium

• Germany makes the first move because they are
  still angry over the
• decisions in the Congress of Vienna
• - in the agreement European monarchs took
  territory away from Germany

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The War Front
No Mans Land

• Germany hoped for a quick victory by use of its
  well thought out plan called the Schlieffen Plan
• France responded and stopped the German troops by
  building trenches all the way to the English
  Channel
• This line becomes known as the Western Front
• This form of warfare (Trench Warfare) becomes the
  chief way of fighting during WWI and leads to
  stalemate
• Troops advanced from trench to trench, across No
  Mans Land, then retreat back to their former
  trenches
• Troops spent years living in the trenches full of
  human death, feces, and rats
• There was nothing to eat except for what supply
  lines brought troops - soldiers even ate rats,
  b/c vegetation had been bombed

No Mans Land
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Technology of the War

• Maxim Machine Gun

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Technology of the War

• Gas- Mustard, Chlorine
• Estimated totals of causalities of Gas attacks
• German-Fatal-9,000.Non Fatal-200,000
• British-Fatal-8109.Non Fatal-188,706

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Technology of the War

• Tanks- British Mark I T
• Slow, but created a fear factor

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Technology of the War

• Submarine U-Boat , unterseeboot invented by
  Germany and used to stop US, British supply
  convoys and troops ships

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Technology of the War

• Airplane- Used at first for reconnaissance,
  surveillance.
• During the last year of the war, planes used for
  dog fighting to control the skies
• Red Baron German Manferd Von Riechtoven
• Shot down 80 allied planes before he was shot
  down

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Reason U.S. joins the war

• A German U-Boat sank the Lusitania, U.S. ship,
  killing 126 passengers
• Public opinion sways in favor of kicking German
  butt

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The Treaty of Versailles - 1918

• The final peace settlement of Paris ended with
  five separate peace treaties with the 5 defeated
  nations of the war
• Germany
• Austria
• Hungary
• Bulgaria
• Turkey
• Versailles near Paris, France in June 1918.

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The Treaty of Versailles

• The Germans considered it a harsh treaty
• article 231 War Guilt clause said Germany was
  responsible for starting the war.
• The other articles in the treaty required Germany
  to pay reparations for the war to the Allied
  Nations for ALL the damage the nations had
  suffered during the war
• - How can a war torn country, now 30 billion in
  debt, pay it back?
• This Treaty will be one of the chief reasons
  Germany will be thrown into World War 2

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Flashcards!!!! This is your study guide for
Mondays test!

1. Triple Alliance
2. Triple Entente
3. Nationalism
4. Militarism
5. Alliance System
6. Balkan Crisis
7. The Spark
8. Black Hand
9. Schlieffen Plan

1. Western Front
2. Trench Warfare
3. No Mans Land
4. Stalemate
5. New Technology
6. Lusitania
7. Reconnaissance
8. Red Baron
9. Treaty of Versailles
10. Reparations