Diapositiva 1

1
Programma Operativo Nazionale
Ministry
Justice
of
ITALIA
Electronic monitoring in Italy and the use of
secure communication in the Justice system
University of Wroclaw, May 13-14, 2005
International conference on Electronic monitoring
of offenders
2
Italian law about electronic monitoring

• Italian decree law no. 341 of 24.11.2000, which
  was converted into statute law no. 4 on 19.1.2001
  governs the control of persons under house arrest
  and serving sentences at home, introducing
  regulations concerning the application of special
  technical equipment for control and supervision.

3
Art.275 bis of the criminal code of procedure
(1 of 3)

• Paragraph 1. Special methods of supervision. In
  issuing house arrest orders and when substituting
  custodial orders in prison with house arrest, the
  judge, if he holds it necessary in relation to
  the nature and level of custody requirements,
  shall order supervision using electronic
  equipment or other technical apparatus after he
  has established the availability of the police to
  supervise such orders. The judge shall impose,
  with the same order, the application of custody
  in prison whenever the defendant refuses their
  consent to the use of such means and apparatus.

4
Art.275 bis of the criminal code of procedure
(2 of 3)

• Paragraph 2. A defendant shall accept the
  equipment and apparatus for supervision referred
  to in paragraph 1 abovementioned or refuse
  consent to their application by means of a
  statement given directly to the official or
  officer charged with executing the order imposing
  the control measure. The statement shall be
  transmitted to the judge who issued the order and
  to public prosecutor together with a statement
  provided for under article 293 paragraph 1.

5
Art.275 bis of the criminal code of procedure
(3 of 3)

• Paragraph 3. A defendant who has accepted the
  use of such means and apparatus for supervision
  referred to in paragraph 1 abovementioned is
  required to assist in the implementation of such
  means and apparatus and to observe any other
  conditions imposed upon them.
• Statute law no. 4 has also caused changes to
  article 47-ter of law no. 354 of 26.7.1975 has
  follows

6
Art.47-ter of low no. 354 of 26.7.1975

• Paragraph 4 bis. In ordering the imposition of a
  sentence to be served at the prisoners place of
  domicile, the Parole Board, after establishing
  the availability of the Supervising Authority to
  give effect to such an a provision, can order
  means of verifying observation of the conditions
  imposed also using electronic equipment or other
  technical apparatus. These provisions shall be
  applied to article 275 bis of the criminal code
  of procedure.

7
Interior Ministers Decree dated 2.2.2001

• The types of electronic equipment and other
  technical apparatus to be used as well as the
  method of its application and use are specified
  in the Interior Ministers Decree dated 2.2.2001,
  issued with the agreement of the Minister of
  Justice.

8
Interior Ministers Decree dated 2.2.2001 the
annexes

• The annexes to this Decree specify the various
  equipment that may be used which is composed of
  the following three elements
• a control device (transmitter and receiver)
• a telephone line that permits the receiver to be
  able to send all signals to a central
  information system
• a central information system at the control
  headquarters, that is capable of checking all
  the devices installed within the area it
  controls.

9
Experimentation of the system

• Experimentation started in Italy on 20 April
  2001 in five different cities Milan, Turin,
  Rome, Naples and Catania, where the number of
  persons under house arrest is greatest. Tagging
  was intended to be linked with operations rooms
  of the three Police Forces in the cities in which
  it was applied.

10
Future scenario

• Technological evolution allows us to imagine and
  to consider further devices for monitoring and
  supervision. It is enough to think of voice
  recognition equipment, automatic language
  handling and biometric recognition, which open up
  a wide area of experimentation and application
• AFIS Justice Project
• SecurE-Justice
• SIDDA/SIDNA
• E-POC

11
AFIS-Justice Project

• Prison inmates and defendants, especially people
  coming from abroad and without proper
  identification papers, are often difficult to
  identify, due to
• multiple (and different) declared identities
• misspelled names.
• This could entail a number of problems, when
  these people have to undergo a trial and during
  their stay in prison (entry, transfer, release).
  For example, it becomes difficult to record the
  criminal history of the person, if detained under
  different identities
• So the Ministry of Justice, in cooperation with
  Ministry of Home Affairs , has developed the
  AFIS-Justice Project whose aim is to determine
  the sure identification of prison inmates and
  defendants using fingerprints.

12
AFIS-Justice Project
The project deployment step has provided the
Prosecutor's offices and penitentiary
institutions of SPAID (Italian acronym for
Portable System for Fingerprints Acquisition)
The first project phase, partly financed by the
European Union , is currently in progress and
involves the regions of Southern Italy. In the
second phase, all the remaining regions of Italy
will be covered. The project also includes the
complete remake of the Information System that
manages the inmates database the SPAID is fully
integrated with the new Prison Inmates Management
Information System.
13
AFIS-Justice Project
The SPAID is connected to the AFIS System
(Automatic Fingerprint Identification System)
that contains the fingerprints of over 4 million
subjects the identity of prison inmates and
defendants can be determined by performing a
search in the AFIS system database.
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AFIS-Justice Project
SPAID acquires the fingerprints, mug shot (facial
image) and declared demographics dataperform the
necessary calculations, such as extraction of the
fingerprint features (minutiae), data and image
compression, data encryption, receive and display
the reply of the AFIS System.
The identification process returns the CUI
(Unique Identification Code) and, in case of
matching, the list with the previous
identification.
15
SecurE-Justice

• Secure communication and collaboration framework
  for the judicial co-operation environment.
• Project funded by the European Commission within
  the Sixth Framework.
• Starting Date February 1st, 2004
• Ending Date January 31th, 2007

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SecurE-Justice - Partners

• Italy
• Ministry of Justice
• Project Automation
• Telecom
• Sineura
• Cefriel
• SDA Bocconi

17
SecurE-Justice - Objectives

• Management of Investigation and Trial Phases
• Will address the protection of all the actions
  and activities relating to the investigation of
  the crime
• The collection of evidence (including witnesses
  and testimonies) and the questioning of suspects.
• Will guarantee the improvement of judicial
  procedures by accelerating experts examination,
  interpreters translation, and the effective
  remote participation in the Trial of witness
  needing protection, dangerous criminals, victims,
  etc..

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SecurE-Justice - Research activities (1 of 2)

• Secure user management identification,
  authentication and authorization of users PKI,
  digital certificates and biometric identification
  technologies.
• Secure communication management confidentiality,
  integrity and non repudiation SIP message
  encryption, SecureRTP.

19
SecurE-Justice - Research activities (2 of 2)

• Remote/Local participation
• Remote Users (i.e. Witnesses, Experts,
  Interpreters, etc) would be able to participate
  to the trial from other locations through a
  virtual identification mechanism, using a
  biometric authentication system
• Local users (i.e. Judges, Lawyers) would be able
  to access the collaboration platform through a
  secure Web portal.
• Privacy protection
• The privacy of the intercommunication among
  users, such as judges and policemen, will be
  guaranteed with cryptography, secure audio-video
  transmission, VPN and SSL communication protocols
  and secure procedures.

20
SecurE-Justice - Hardware Architecture
Modem
Internet
Mobile Device
Delocalized Video Station
Router (with Public IP address)
Court equipment
Video Station
Video Conferencing MCU (with Public IP address)
SecurE-Justice Intranet
Collaboration Server
Security Server
Video Control Computer
21
SecurE-Justice - Expected Results

• Security GuidelinesSecurE-Justice project will
  produce security guidelines for Judicial Public
  Administration aiming at the implementation of
  innovative organizational models.
• Infrastructure for Smart DeviceThe
  technological environment will provide an
  infrastructure of smart devices for secure
  control of identification, privacy and data
  protection.
• Time Reduction of Investigation and
  TrialsJudicial authorities will have rapid
  exchange of investigative information and will
  reduce the dead time of judicial trials.
• Better CollaborationInformation exchange
  between sites using secure multi video
  conference systems.

22
SIDDA/SIDNA The Approach

• Local databases, in each DDA, to support
  activities performed by prosecutors and their
  professional staff
• One national database, in DNA, to provide support
  to DDAs to carry out investigations and support
  to DNA to plan and to coordinate activities all
  over the Italy
• Integration of the national database with other,
  external data sources, to build up a
  comprehensive knowledge regarding criminal
  phenomena and their evolutions, needed for
  coordination activities carried out by DNA

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The Information System for Direzioni Distrettuali
Antimafia (SIDDA)
Data extraction / Data fusion
Data acquisition in DDAs (Acts and documents
regarding penal proceedings)
Data feeding

• Document cathaloging and text input
• Textual information

• Document analysis and structured data input
• Structured information

Queries
Queries
The information source
Information searching tools
Queries on the national database and alarm
analysis
Extentional navigation
Queries on local data
Queries on external data sources
24
The Information System for Direzione Nazionale
Antimafia (SIDNA)
Data fusion
Queries on the national database
Data extraction
Fusion rules
DDA
DNA
Alarms to DDAs
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Example of searching information in the DNA
database
26
Example of navigation among data
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E-POC

• In the context of Eurojust, the E-POC (European
  Pool against Organized Crime) initiative has been
  launched
• E-POC main objectives are
• Delivery of a feasibility study to define a
  software system to give support both to
  investigations carried out by local prosecutors
  in different European countries and to
  coordination activities performed by Eurojust
• Development of a corresponding software prototype
• Experimentation of the prototype in a number of
  pilot sites, in different European countries
• The initiative will reuse specific methodologies
  and software solutions developed in the context
  of the SIDDA/SIDNA (Information System of
  Direzione Nazionale Antimafia and Direzioni
  Distrettuali Antimafia) project

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E-POC - Project

• The E-POC Project was presented by the Italian
  Ministry of Justice, as coordinator, and by the
  French, Slovenian, and Romenian Ministries as
  partners
• The proposal was accepted for funding by the
  European Commission and the grant agreement was
  signed on 16th April 2003
• Financial contribution
• 70 by the European Commission
• 30 by the Italian Ministry of Justice
• Deadline for the project 15th April 2004

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E-POC - Current Activities

• Eurojust decision about adopting a version of the
  E-POC prototype as case management system since
  15 October 2004
• Second phase of the project is under way in the
  context of the AGIS Programme 2004
• Objectives
• Starting with the E-POC results, to address
  specific issues regarding
• Specific support to deal with cases of particular
  interest on cross border, serious and organized
  crimes terrorism, drug trafficking, trafficking
  in human beings
• Study of feasible solutions to enable secure data
  exchange between Eurojust and National
  authorities
• Advanced mechanisms to recognize links between
  different cases and to promote collaboration
  between the national authorities
• Specific support for the Data Protection Officer
  at Eurojust