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BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

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Title: BUILDING TECHNOLOGY


1
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Selected Questions
1995-1996, 2004
c d e p
July 1, 1995
2
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
18 Multiple Choice Questions
c d e p
Aug-Nov 2004
3
  • 1. A brand name for aluminum cladding is

a) ALMOND b) ALCOLIC c) ALPOLIC d) none of the
above
4
  • 2. Type of water pipe which can be fused together
    by heat

a) POLYPROPELENE b) POLYETHELENE c)
POLYVINYL d) POLYCARBONATE
5
  • 3. TTC is an acronym for a cabinet for

a) transport b) telephone c) public address d)
INTERCOM
6
  • 4. An external support built to stabilize a
    structure by opposing its outward thrusts

a) column b) brace c) buttress d) transverse
arch
7
  • 5. A subordinate vertical structure terminating
    in a pyramid or spire to add weight to a buttress
    pier

a) dome b) gargoyle c) dead weight d) pinnacle
8
  • 6. A vault having a circular cross section that
    is larger at one end than the other

a) conical b) barrel c) rampant d) anvular
9
  • 7. Resembling glass, as in transparency,
    hardness, brittleness, luster, or having low or
    no porosity

a) polycarbonate b) vitreous c) homogenous d)
burnt
10
  • 8. The property of light by which colors of an
    object is classified as heavy red, yellow, green,
    or blue

a) hue b) chroma c) value d) color
11
  • 9. One of the pair of opposing colors on a color
    wheel perceived as completing or enhancing each
    other

a) analogous b) advancing c) complementary d)
achromatic
12
  • 10. A narrow deposit of sealant applied to a
    building joint

a) bead b) bond c) filler d) substrate
13
  • 11. A continuous separation formed in concrete to
    form a plane of weakness and thus regulate amount
    of crashing.

a) control joint b) contraction joint c)
expansion joint d) isolation joint
14
  • 12. The projection of a figure or form from the
    flat background on which it is formed

a) bas b) applique c) emboss d) relief
15
  • 13. A steel rod serving as a king post of a truss

a) king rod b) king bolt c) truss rod d)
vertical rod
16
  • 14. A pitch truss having vertical members in
    tension and diagonal web membranes in compression

a) pratt b) howe c) warrren d) fink
17
  • 15. A pitch truss having vertical members in
    compression and diagonal web membranes in tension

a) pratt b) howe c) warrren d) fink
18
  • 16. Name of metal tile section of DN Steel

a) Intramuros b) Madrid c) Stile d) Spanish
19
  • 17. Another name of BARREL clay roof tile

a) Pan tile b) Tuscan tile c) Mission tile d)
Spanish tile
20
  • 18. Distance of purlins for metal roof tile.

a) 1000 mm b) 300 mm c) 100 mm d) 500 mm
21
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
8 Multiple Choice Questions
c d e p
June 2004
22
  • 1. What landscape element is also known as a
    carpet. It can easily grow in weeks.

a) lawn b) grass c) sand dune d) ridge
23
  • 2. What is used to clean efflorescence in bricks?

a) metal brush b) muriatic acid c) paint d)
hydrochloride
24
  • 3. What do you call a window attached to a roof?

a) lay light b) day light c) clerestory d)
dormer window
25
  • 4. Name for a new type of marble used in kitchen
    and bathroom counters.

a) synthetic marble b) granolithic marble c)
romblon d) formica
26
  • 5. Best kind of glass for mirrors, windows, etc.

a) sheet b) tempered c) float d) patterned
27
  1. What kind of adhesive is used in installing
    marble?

a) cement tile adhesive b) grout c) rubber
cement d) lime
28
  • 7. A yellowish substance used in paints, inks,
    etc.

a) lacquer b) linseed oil c) flaxseed d)
linoleic acid
29
  • 8. Vertical, horizontal, diagonal members used
    to support formwork. Also allows workers to pass
    through during construction.

a) bolstering b) shoring c) scaffolding d)
frame
30
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
23 Multiple Choice Questions
c d e p
July 1, 1995
31
Hybrid Beam a fabricated metal beam composed of
flanges with a material of a specified minimum
yield strength different from that of the web
plate
  • 1. It is a special plate girder consisting of
    tees, plates, angles and multiple web
  • a) box girder
  • b) hybrid girder
  • c) T-flange girder
  • d) bridging

or box beam a hollow beam, usually rectangular
in section if fabricated of steel, the sides are
steel plates welded together, or they may be
riveted together by steel angles at the corners
a brace, or a system of braces, placed between
joists (or the like) to stiffen them, to hold
them in place and to help distribute the load
32
  • 2. Longitudinal beams which rest on top chord,
    and preferably at the joints of the truss
  • a) purlins
  • b) jack rafter
  • c) rafters
  • d) girders

a piece of timber laid horizontally on the
principal rafters of a roof to support the common
rafters on which the roof covering is laid
any rafter that is shorter than the usual length
of the rafters used in the same building esp.
occurs in hip roofs
one of a series of inclined structural members
from the ridge of the roof down to the eaves,
providing support for the covering of a roof
a large or principal beam of steel, reinforced
concrete or timber used to support concentrated
loads at isolated points along its length
33
  • 3. It is the general term applied for all forces
    which act upon a structure and anything else
    which causes stresses or deformation within a
    structure, or part thereof
  • a) loads
  • b) none of the listed
  • c) reactions
  • d) unit weights

forces, or systems of forces carried by a
structure or a part of a structure
34
  • 4. These members are inclined joists used to
    support sloping roofs
  • a) plates
  • b) purlins
  • c) rafters
  • d) planks

in wood frame construction, horizontal boards or
timbers connecting and terminating posts, joists,
rafters, etc.
a piece of timber laid horizontally on the
principal rafters of a roof to support the common
rafters on which the roof covering is laid
one of a series of inclined structural members
from the ridge of the roof down to the eaves,
providing support for the covering of a roof
long, wide, square-sawn thick piece of timber
specifications vary but often the minimum width
is 8 (20 cm) and thickness of 2 4 (5 to 10
cm) for softwood and 1 (2.5 cm) for hardwood
35
  • 5. A three dimensional structural system without
    the bearing walls, composed of interconnected
    members laterally supported so as to function as
    a complete self-contained unit with or without
    the aids of horizontal diaphragms or
    floor-bracing system
  • a) box system
  • b) space frame
  • c) freeform
  • d) braced frame

any three dimensional structural framework (e.g.,
the rigid frame of a multi-storey building) as
contrasted with a plain frame all of whose
elements lie on the same plane
the frame of a building in which the resistance
to lateral forces or to frame instability is
provided by diagonal bracing, K-bracing or other
type of bracing
36
  • 6. Concrete slab should have a minimum clearance
    of
  • a) 20 mm b) 40 mm
  • c) 15 mm d) 30 mm

37
  • 7. It is designed to resist lateral forces
    parallel to the plane of the wall
  • a) bearing wall
  • b) curtain wall
  • c) grade wall
  • d) shear wall

a wall capable of supporting an imposed load
also called a structural wall or loadbearing wall
in a tall building of steel-frame construction,
an exterior wall that is non-loadbearing, having
no structural function
not defined
a wall which in its own plane carries shear,
resulting from forces such as wind, blast or
earthquake
38
  • 8. What is the appropriate painting material type
    for wood surfaces?
  • a) zinc chromate
  • b) alkyd
  • c) latex
  • d) polyurethane

or buttercup yellow, zinc yellow a bright yellow
stable pigment used in paints, esp. in metal
primers as a rust-inhibiting pigment
uses an alkyd resin as the vehicle for the
pigment an alkyd resin is of a group of
thermoplastic synthetic resins used in bonding
materials, in adhesives, and in paints and
varnishes
an emulsion of finely dispersed particles of
natural or synthetic rubber or plastic materials
in water
an exceptionally hard and wear-resistant paint or
varnish made by the reaction of polyols with a
multifunctional isocyanate
39
aluminum powder small flakes of aluminum metal
obtained by stamping or ball milling foil in the
presence of a fatty lubricant, such as stearic
acid, which causes the flakes to orient in a
pattern to give high brilliance usually supplied
in paste form wetted with mineral spirits
  • 9. Commercially made corrugated G.I. sheets, of
    gauge 26, having standard corrugation are coated
    o both sides with
  • a) aluminum coating
  • b) laminations
  • c) paints
  • d) pure virgin spelter

bonding together two or more layers of materials,
e.g., plywood, laminated wood, etc.
liquid solutions of pigment in a suitable vehicle
of oil, organic solvent or water liquid when
applied but dries to form an adherent, protective
and decorative coating often categorized
according to the solvent used for thinning, e.g.,
water-thinned paint or solvent-thinned paint
same as zinc a hard bluish white metal, brittle
at normal temperatures, very malleable and
ductile when heated not subject to corrosion
used for galvanizing sheet steel and iron, in
various metal alloys, and as an oxide for white
paint pigment
40
  • 10. Wood flooring finishing material
  • a) T G wood planks
  • b) V-cut wood planks
  • c) gypsum board
  • d) ply board panel

41
  • 11. What hardware/material is needed to fasten an
    asphalt strip roof shingle on wooded
    sheets/planks?
  • a) CW nail
  • b) staple wire
  • c) tekscrew
  • d) fin nail

common wire nail or common nail a cut or wire
low carbon steel nail, having a slender plain
shank and a medium diamond point used in work
where finish is unimportant, as in framing
material used for fastening building paper,
asphalt-prepared roofing, and the like
roofing screw to fasten corrugated metal roof to
purlins
finishing nail a slender nail made from finer
wire than the common nail has a brad-type head
which permits it to be set below the suface of
the wood, leaving only a small hole which can be
putted easily used in finishing work
42
  • 12. The time required for the removal of
    formworks of a concrete footing
  • a) 24 hours
  • b) 36 hours
  • c) 48 hours
  • d) 12 hours

43
  • 13. Identify in illustration CMU-2, which figure
    is a lintel block?
  • a) figure 4
  • b) figure 2
  • c) figure 1
  • d) figure 3

44
  • 14. Identify in illustration WJ-1, which figure
    is a dado wood joint?
  • a) figure 1
  • b) figure 4
  • c) figure 3
  • d) figure 2

45
  • 15. Wall partition wooden framing is called
  • a) joist
  • b) jambs
  • c) studs
  • d) nailers

one of a series of parallel beams of timber,
reinforced concrete or steel used to support
floor and ceiling loads and supported in turn by
large beams, girders or bearing walls
the vertical members at each side of an opening
such as a doorframe, window frame or fireplace
an upright post or support, esp. one of a series
of vertical structural members which act as the
supporting elements in a wall or partition
or nailing strip a wood strip, attached to a
surface used as a base for nailing or fastening
another material
46
  • 16. How many corrugation is required as the
    minimum side lap of an ordinary standard G.I
    sheet roofing?
  • a) 1 ½ b) 2 ½
  • c) 2 d) 1

47
  • 17. Identify in illustration T-4, which letter
    in the target is a valley jack rafter?
  • a) target B
  • b) target D
  • c) target C
  • d) target A

48
uses an alkyd resin as the vehicle for the
pigment an alkyd resin is of a group of
thermoplastic synthetic resins used in bonding
materials, in adhesives, and in paints and
varnishes
  • 18. What is the appropriate paint material for
    G.I sheet roofing?
  • a) alkyd type
  • b) acrylic latex type
  • c) lacquer type
  • d) urethane

a type of latex paint made of acrylic resins
also called acrylic latex paint. Acrylic resin
is one of a group of thermoplastic resins made
from esthers of acrylic acid exceptionally
tough, stable, resistant to chemicals, and
transparent used as a binder, in sheet form, as
air-curing adhesive, and as the main ingredient
in some caulks and sealants.
any glossy enamel which dries quickly by
evaporation of the volatile solvents and diluents
polyurethane - an exceptionally hard and
wear-resistant paint or varnish made by the
reaction of polyols with a multifunctional
isocyanate
49
  • 19. Identify in illustration CMU-3, which figure
    is a Flemish brickwork?
  • a) Figure 3
  • b) Figure 4
  • c) Figure 1
  • d) Figure 2

50
  • 20. Identify in illustration WJ-1, which figure
    is a rabbet wood joint?
  • a) Figure 1
  • b) Figure 2
  • c) Figure 3
  • d) Figure 4

51
a type of latex paint made of acrylic resins
also called acrylic latex paint. Acrylic resin
is one of a group of thermoplastic resins made
from esthers of acrylic acid exceptionally
tough, stable, resistant to chemicals, and
transparent used as a binder, in sheet form, as
air-curing adhesive, and as the main ingredient
in some caulks and sealants.
  • 21. The paint finishing material of long-span
    pre-painted roofing sheet is
  • a) acrylic paint
  • b) duco paint
  • c) polyester paint
  • d) automotive paint

polyester resin one of a group of synthetic
resins which undergo polymerization during
curing advantageous because high pressure is not
required for curing has excellent adhesive
properties, high strength, good chemical
resistance especially used in laminating and
impregnating materials
52
small blisters, bubbles or bulges in a plaster
finish coat results from applying a finish coat
over too damp a base coat, or from troweling on
plaster too soon also called turtleback
  • 22. A common paint film defect where progressive
    powdering from the surface inward occurs. It is
    called
  • a) blistering
  • b) peeling
  • c) chalking
  • d) alligatoring

a defect in a paint film or plaster finish which
causes the film or finish to lose its adhesion to
the substrate, so that it can be removed in strips
an upright post or support, esp. one of a series
of vertical structural members which act as the
supporting elements in a wall or partition
the splitting of a film of paint in a pattern
resembling an alligator skin, caused by shrinkage
of a coat of paint applied over a semi-plastic or
thermoplastic undercoat also called crocodiling
53
  • 23. Identify in illustration WJ-4, which figure
    is a blind and stub-mortise and tenon joint?
  • a) Figure 4
  • b) Figure 3
  • c) Figure 2
  • d) Figure 1

54
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
23 Multiple Choice Questions
June 29, 1996
55
  • 1. In column, the ratio of its effective length
    to its least radius of gyration is called
  • a) Moment of Inertia
  • b) Development length
  • c) Slenderness ratio
  • d) Ratio and proportion

of a body around an axis, the sum of the products
obtained by multiplying each element of mass by
the square of its distance from the axis
the minimum length of straight reinforcing bar
which is required to anchor it in concrete
of a column, the ratio of its effective length to
its least radius of gyration
June 29, 1996
56
  • 2. A joint where two successive placement of
    concrete meet is called
  • a) Truss joint
  • b) Contraction joint
  • c) Construction joint
  • d) Expansion joint

not defined
an expansion joint a joint between adjacent
parts of a structure which permits movement
between them resulting from contraction
a joint where two successive placements of
concrete meet
a joint or gap between adjacent parts of a
building, structure or concrete work which
permits their relative movement due to
temperature changes (or other conditions) without
rupture or damage
June 29, 1996
57
a wall, either freestanding or laterally braced,
that bears against an earth or other fill surface
and resists lateral and other forces from the
material in contact with the side of the wall,
thereby preventing the mass from sliding to a
lower elevation
  • 3. A wall which supports vertical loads in
    addition to its weight without the benefit of a
    complete vertical load carrying space frame is
    called
  • a) Retaining wall
  • b) Curtain wall
  • c) Shearing wall
  • d) Bearing wall

in a tall building of steel-frame construction,
an exterior wall that is non-loadbearing, having
no structural function
a wall which in its own plane carries shear,
resulting from forces such as wind, blast or
earthquake
a wall capable of supporting an imposed load
also called a structural wall or loadbearing wall
June 29, 1996
58
  • 4. The point in the moment diagram at which the
    curvature reverses as it changes from concave to
    convex is called
  • a) Point of deflection
  • b) Moment of Inertia
  • c) Point of Inflection
  • d) Magnitude

of a body around an axis, the sum of the products
obtained by multiplying each element of mass by
the square of its distance from the axis
the point on the length of a structural member
subjected to flexure at which the direction of
curvature changes and at which the bending moment
is zero
June 29, 1996
59
  • 5. A type of concrete floor which has no beam is
    called
  • a) Flat slab
  • b) 2-way slab
  • c) one-way slab
  • d) Ribbed floor

a concrete slab which is reinforced in two or
more directions, usually without beams or girders
to transfer the loads to supporting members
a concrete floor slab in which the main
reinforcement runs in two directions
a rectangular reinforced concrete slab which
spans a distance very much greater in one
direction than the other under these conditions,
most of the load is carried on the shorter span
a floor of ribbed slab or panel a reinforced
concrete panel composed of a thin slab reinforced
by a system of ribs
June 29, 1996
60
  • 6. One-way concrete slab are used when
  • a) The slab is being supported by two parallel
    beams
  • b) The slab has no cantilevered portion
  • c) The concrete slab is reinforced on the near
    bottom side
  • d) The concrete slab is sloping to all side

June 29, 1996
61
  • 7. The tendency for one part of the beam to move
    vertically with respect to an adjacent part is
    called
  • a) Shear
  • b) Moment
  • c) Force
  • d) Strength

a deformation (e.g., in a beam or flexural
member) in which parallel planes slide relative
to each other so as to remain parallel
the property by which a force tends to cause a
body, to which it is applied, to rotate about a
point or line equal in magnitude to the product
fo the force and the perpendicular distance of
the point from the line of action of the force
mass acceleration
of a material, the capability of the material to
resist physical forces imposed on it
June 29, 1996
62
  • 8. Any material changes in shape when subjected
    to the action of a force is called
  • a) Reflection
  • b) Deflection
  • c) Deformation
  • d) Acceleration

the change of direction which a ray of light,
sound or radiant heat undergoes when it strikes a
surface
any displacement in a body from its static
position, or from an established direction or
plane, as a result of forces acting on the body
any change of form, shape or dimensions produced
in a body by a stress or force, without breach of
the continuity of its parts
the rate of change of the velocity of a moving
body
June 29, 1996
63
Hookes law a law stating that the deformation
of an elastic body is proportional to the force
applied, provided the stress does not exceed the
elastic limit of the material
  • 9. The greatest stress to which a material is
    capable of developing without a permanent
    deformation remaining upon the complete release
    of stress is called
  • a) Allowable stress
  • b) Moment of Inertia
  • c) Bending Stress
  • d) Proportional limit

in the design of structures, the maximum unit
stress permitted under working loads by codes and
specifications
of a body around an axis, the sum of the products
obtained by multiplying each element of mass by
the square of its distance from the axis
the greatest stress which a material is capable
of sustaining without any deviation from Hookes
law
June 29, 1996
64
Hookes law a law stating that the deformation
of an elastic body is proportional to the force
applied, provided the stress does not exceed the
elastic limit of the material
  • 10. The measure of the stiffness of a material is
    called
  • a) Effective length
  • b) Proportional limit
  • c) Stiffness ratio
  • d) Ratio and proportion

of a column, the distance between inflection
points of a column when it bends
the greatest stress which a material is capable
of sustaining without any deviation from Hookes
Law
the ratio of the force applied to a structure (or
a structural element) to the corresponding
displacement
June 29, 1996
65
  • 11. The deformation of a structural member as a
    result of loads acting on it is called
  • a) Strength
  • b) Strain
  • c) Stress
  • d) Deflection

of a material, the capability of the material to
resist physical forces imposed on it
a change in the form or shape of a body or
material which is subjected to an external force
the internal forces set up at a point in an
elastic material by the action of external
forces expressed in units of force per unit
area, e.g., pounds per square inch or kilograms
per square millimeter
any displacement in a body from its static
position, or from an established direction or
plane, as a result of forces acting on the body
June 29, 1996
66
  • 12. Timber should have nominal thickness
    measurement of
  • a) 4 inches
  • b) 6 inches
  • c) 3 inches
  • d) 5 inches

Timber - a square sawn lumber having (USA) a
minimum dimension of 5 (Brit. ) approximately
equal cross dimensions greater than 4 by 4 ½
(101.6 mm by 114.3 mm)
June 29, 1996
67
  • 13. Level tool is a
  • a) Tool use for guiding and testing the work to
    a vertical and horizontal position
  • b) A tool for checking height elevation
  • c) Tool use to check the water level
  • d) The tool designated the different ranking of
    tool usage

June 29, 1996
68
  • 14. Steel square is a
  • a) A small try square
  • b) Tool for testing and for framing work
  • c) A steel square for use of signage
  • d) Tool of the steelman

June 29, 1996
69
  • 15. The vertical surface on the face of a stair
    step is called
  • a) Stair clip
  • b) Stairhead
  • c) Nosing
  • d) Riser

June 29, 1996
70
  • 16. Tin shear is a
  • a) Painter tool
  • b) Masonry tool
  • c) Tinsmithry tool
  • d) Electrical tool

Tin Shear shear with a blunt nose used for
cutting thin sheet metal
June 29, 1996
71
  • 17. Wood board should have a thickness
    specification of
  • a) Not less than 2 thick x 5 and up wide
  • b) Not less than 1 thick x 4 and up wide
  • c) Not less than 2 thick x 4 and up wide
  • d) Not less than 3 thick x 7 and up wide

Wood Board lumber less than 2 (5 cm) thick and
between 4 (10 cm) and 12 (30 cm) in width a
board less than 4 (10 cm) wide may be classified
as a strip
June 29, 1996
72
  • 18. Wood plank is a piece of lumber that is
  • a) 2 to 5 thick
  • b) 6 to 8 thick
  • c) 5 to 7 thick
  • d) 8 up thick

Wood Plank a long wide square sawn thick piece
of timber the specifications vary, but often the
minimum width is 8 (20 cm), and the minimum
thickness is 2 to 4 (5 to 10 cm) for softwood
and 1 (2.5 cm) for hardwood
June 29, 1996
73
  • 19. A high-speed rotary shaping hand power tool
    use to make smooth cutting and curving on solid
    wood is called
  • a) Surface planer
  • b) Dado plane
  • c) portable hand router
  • d) Lathe machine

Router a machine tool having a rapidly
revolving vertical spindle and cutter used for
routing, cutting mortises, etc. A chisel having
a curved point used for cleaning out grooves,
mortises, etc. Planer a tool for smoothing
wood surfaces consists of a smooth sole plate,
from the underside of which projects slightly the
cutting edge of an inclined blade there is an
aperture in front of the blade for the shavings
to escape Lathe a machine for shaping circular
pieces of wood, metal, etc., by rotating the
material about a horizontal axis while a
stationary tool cuts away the excess material
June 29, 1996
74
  • 20. The major horizontal supporting member of the
    floor system is called
  • a) Rafter
  • b) Girder
  • c) Purlin
  • d) Girt

one of a series of inclined structural members
from the ridge of the roof down to the eaves,
providing support for the covering of a roof
a large or principal beam of steel, reinforced
concrete or timber used to support concentrated
loads at isolated points along its length
a piece of timber laid horizontally on the
principal rafters of a roof to support the common
rafters on which the roof covering is laid
a horizontal structural member in the framing of
a timber-framed house supporting the ends of the
ceiling joists and acting as the main horizontal
support for the floor above
June 29, 1996
75
the hard cross-grained mass of wood formed in a
trunk at the place where a branch joins the trunk
  • 21. Wood defects are heart shake, cup shake, star
    shake and
  • a) Knots
  • b) Discoloration
  • c) Deterioration
  • d) Rotten

any change in color from the original color or
the desired color
same as disintegration the deterioration into
small fragments or particles
decomposition in wood by fungi and other
microorganism reduces in strength, density and
hardness
brown rot is a fungus that destroys wood
cellulose, leaving a brown powdery residue
behind white rot is a type of decay in wood
caused by a fungus that leaves a white residue
June 29, 1996
76
  • 22. Dressed lumber is referred to
  • a) Covered with plastic for shipment
  • b) Lumber of exact measurement
  • c) Smoothed or planed lumber
  • d) Lumber used for fine carpentry works

June 29, 1996
77
  • 23. The other kind of handsaw other than rip-cut
    saw is
  • a) Diagonal cut saw
  • b) Cross-cut
  • c) Circular saw
  • d) Coping saw

June 29, 1996
78
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
52 Multiple Choice Questions
January 27, 1997
79
  • 1. Walls that support weight from above as well
    as their own dead weight.
  • a) Load-bearing walls
  • b) Dead load
  • c) Shoring walls
  • d) None of these

a wall capable of supporting an imposed load in
addition to its own weight
the weight of a structure itself, including the
weight of fixtures or equipment permanently
attached to it
shore a piece of timber to support a wall,
usually set in a diagonal or oblique position, to
hold the wall in place temporarily shoring a
number of shores acting collectively
January 27, 1997
80
  • 2. It refers to the occupancy load which is
    either partially or fully in place or may not be
    present at all is called
  • a) Live load
  • b) Dead load
  • c) Concentrated load
  • d) Distributed load

the moving or movable external load on a
structure includes the weight of furnishings of
a building, of the people, of equipment, etc. but
does not include wind load
the weight of a structure itself, including the
weight of fixtures or equipment permanently
attached to it
a load acting on a very small area of a structure
a load which acts evenly over a structural member
or over a surface that supports the load
January 27, 1997
81
  • 3. The distance between inflection point in the
    column when it breaks is called
  • a) Development length
  • b) Cross-sectional area
  • c) Effective length
  • d) Equivalent distance

(1) the minimum length of straight reinforcing
bar or reinforcing rod which is required to
anchor it in concrete (2) the length of embedded
reinforcement required to develop the design
strength at a critical section
area of the section of any solid object
of a column, the distance between inflection
points in the column when it bends
not defined
January 27, 1997
82
  • 4. The amount of space measured in cubic units
  • a) None of these
  • b) Perimeter
  • c) Volume
  • d) Area

1-D sum length of all sides of an enclosed shape
3-D width x length x breadth
2-D width x length
January 27, 1997
83
  • 5. A bended rod to resist shear and diagonal
    stresses in a concrete beam is called
  • a) Bottom bar
  • b) Stirrups
  • c) Metal plate
  • d) temperature bar

a reinforcing device to resist shear and diagonal
tension stresses in a beam
or temperature steel steel reinforcement which
is placed in a concrete slab, or the like, to
minimize the possibility of developing cracks as
a result of temperature changes
January 27, 1997
84
  • 6. Ratio of unit stress to unit strain
  • a) Ratio and proportion
  • b) Moment of Inertia
  • c) Modulus of elasticity
  • d) Slenderness ratio

of a body around an axis, the sum of the products
obtained by multiplying each element of mass by
the square of its distance from the axis
in an elastic material which has been subject to
strain below its elastic limit, the ratio of the
unit stress to the corresponding unit strain
of a column, the ratio of its effective length to
its least radius of gyration
January 27, 1997
85
  • 7. An expansion joints adjacent parts of a
    structure to permit expected movements between
    them is called
  • a) Contraction joint
  • b) Truss joint
  • c) Construction joint
  • d) Conduction joint

an expansion joint a joint between adjacent
parts of a structure which permits movement
between them resulting from contraction
a joint where two successive placements of
concrete meet a separation provided in a
building which allows its component parts to move
with respect to each other
January 27, 1997
86
  • 8. To find the volume of water in a cylinder
    tank, multiply the area of its base by its
  • a) Diameter
  • b) Radius
  • c) Height
  • d) None of these

January 27, 1997
87
  • 9. The most important component to determine the
    strength of concrete mix is
  • a) Cement
  • b) Sand
  • c) Gravel
  • d) Lime

88
  • 10. The ultimate strength of the material divided
    by the allowable working load.
  • a) Maximum strength
  • b) Strength limit
  • c) Safety factor
  • d) None of these

or factor of safety the ratio of the ultimate
breaking strength of a member or piece of
material or equipment to the actual working
stress or safe load when in use
January 27, 1997
89
  • 11. The stress per unit area of the original
    cross section of a material which resist its
    elongation is
  • a) Allowable stress
  • b) Tensile stress
  • c) Flexural stress
  • d) Bending stress

in the design of structures, the maximum unit
stress permitted under working loads by codes and
specifications
the stress per square unit area of the original
cross section of a material which resists its
elongation
the stress that can cause the bending of a
member, as under a load
January 27, 1997
90
  • 12. The force adhesion per unit area of contact
    between two bonded surface is
  • a) Axial stress
  • b) Bond stress
  • c) Allowable stress
  • d) Flexural Stress

axial load, axial force the resultant
longitudinal internal component of force which
acts perpendicular to the cross section of a
structural member and at its centroid, producing
uniform stress
the force of adhesion per unit area of contact
between two bonded surfaces, such as between
concrete and a steel reinforcing bar
in the design of structures, the maximum unit
stress permitted under working loads by codes and
specifications
the stress that can cause the bending of a
member, as under a load
January 27, 1997
91
  • 13. Jack rafter is used for
  • a) Hip roof support
  • b) Cantilevered truss
  • c) Long span beam
  • d) None of these

January 27, 1997
92
  • 14. Another term for plaster board is
  • a) Block board
  • b) Concreting board
  • c) Form board
  • d) Gypsum board

or coreboard, Brit. battenboard a wood-base
panel used in plywood or laminated ocre
constructions the core to which faces are glued
or form liner, form lumber a board or a sheet of
wood used in formwork
or gypsum lath, board lath, gypsum plasterboard,
rock lath a base for plaster a sheet having a
gypsum core, faced with paper, which provides a
good bond for plaster
January 27, 1997
93
  • 15. The total of all tread widths on a stair is
    called
  • a) Total riser
  • b) Total run
  • c) Winder
  • d) None of these

January 27, 1997
94
  • 16. The face or front elevation of a building.
  • a) Façade
  • b) Front view
  • c) Faceplate
  • d) Front approach

the exterior face of a building which is the
architectural front, sometimes distinguished from
the other faces by elaboration of architectural
or ornamental details
any protective plate, such as an escutcheon or
the plate over a mortised lock
January 27, 1997
95
  • 17. Prefabrication refers to
  • a) Design of a factory
  • b) Pre-construction of components as a part of
    the whole
  • c) A system of material audit
  • Preliminary building
  • procedure

January 27, 1997
96
  • 18. An opening in the roof for admitting light is
    called
  • a) Natural lighting
  • b) Oculus lighting
  • c) None of these
  • d) Skylight

oculus an opening at the crown of a dome
in a roof, an opening which is glazed with a
transparent or translucent material used to
admit diffused light to the space below. Compare
with dome light. Also see, hip skylight, lantern
skylight, monitor skylight, pitched skylight,
saw-tooth skylight
January 27, 1997
97
a straight grained wood of intermediate density,
pinkish to red-brown in color found principally
in the West Indies and Central and South America.
Used primarily for interior cabinet work and
decorative panelling
  • 19. Wood coming from trees with needle leaves,
    rather than broad leaves are called
  • a) Ironwood
  • b) Mahogany
  • c) Softwood
  • d) Hardwood

wood from the evergreens usually relatively soft
and easy to cut and work, although some woods so
classified in the USA are harder than others
classified as hardwood
a tree belonging to the angio-sperms usually
broad leaved and deciduous, such as cherry,
mahogany, maple, oak, etc.
January 27, 1997
98
  • 20. A kind of brick used for high temperature.
  • a) Fly-ash brick
  • b) Thermal brick
  • c) Fire brick
  • d) Cinder block

brick made of refractory ceramic material which
will resist high temperatures used to line
furnaces, fireplaces and chimneys usually
contains a high percentage of silica
Brit. clinker block a light-weight masonry unit
made of cinder concrete widely used for interior
partitions
January 27, 1997
99
  • 21. The building frame construction system that
    uses one piece structural stud from the
    foundation to the roof.
  • a) Balloon Framing
  • b) Lath Framing
  • c) Wall Framing
  • d) Upright Framing

a system of framing a wooden building all
vertical structural elements of the exterior
bearing walls and partitions consist of single
studs which extend the full height of the frame,
from the top of the sole plate to the roof plate
all floor joists are fastened by nails to studs
January 27, 1997
100
  • 22. A nailer strip incorporated in rough concrete
    wall to be plastered to act as guide and support
    for finish trim around openings and near the base
    of the wall.
  • a) None of these
  • b) Plaster ground
  • c) Gravel stop
  • d) Trimming guard

a wood strip, metal bead or screed attached
around a door, window, etc. as a guide for
plastering to a given thickness also serves as a
fastener for trim
gravel strip, slag strip a flange, usually of a
metal strip, used to prevent gravel or loose
surfacing from washing off a roof may also
provide a finished edge for built-up roofing
January 27, 1997
101
  • 23. The acceptable variance of dimensions from
    the approved standard size is called
  • a) Max. allowable difference
  • b) Verified sizes
  • c) Tolerance
  • d) None of these

the permissible deviation in a specified size or
dimension
January 27, 1997
102
(1) within a structure, a regularly repeated
spatial element defined by beams or ribs and
their supports (2) in plastering, the distance
between screeds employed for working the floating
of plaster
  • 24. The distance between two structural support
  • a) Overall distance
  • b) Bay
  • c) Span
  • d) None of these

screed firmly established grade strips or side
forms for unformed concrete which will guide the
strikeoff in producing the desired plane or
shape also the tool to strike off the concrete
surface
the distance apart of any two consecutive
supports, especially as applied to the opening of
an arch. A structural member (or part of a
member) between two supports.
January 27, 1997
103
  • 25 The scientific name for wood is
  • a) CITEM
  • b) XYLEM
  • c) APTG
  • d) TANG

January 27, 1997
104
a roof having a single slope on each side of a
central ridge usually with a gable at one or at
both ends of the roof
  • 26. A kind of roof that has four sloping sides.
  • a) Gable roof
  • b) Mansard roof
  • c) Hip roof
  • d) Lean-to

a roof having a double slope on all four sides,
the lower slope being much steeper
or hipped roof a roof comprising adjacent flat
surfaces that slope upward from all sides of the
perimeter of the building, requiring a hip rafter
along each intersection of the inclined surfaces
a small extension to a building with a roof
(having but one slope) whose supports lean
against the building
January 27, 1997
105
irregularly broken and random-sized large pieces
of quarry rock individual stones ranging from
very large (2 to 3 cu yd, approx. 1.5 to 2.3 cu
m) to small (1/2 cu ft, approx. 0.014 cu m) used
for foundations and revetments
  • 27. Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion
  • a) Riprap
  • b) Flag stone
  • c) Embankment
  • d) Border stone

a flat stone, usually 1 to 4 in (2.5 to 10 cm)
thick, used as a stepping-stone or for terrace or
outdoor paving usually either naturally thin or
split from rock that cleaves readily
a raised structure of earth, rocks or gravel,
usually intended to retain water or carry a
roadway
same as curbstone a stone forming a curb or part
of a curb
January 27, 1997
106
  • 28. Hammer is
  • a) Striking tool
  • b) Holding tool
  • c) Measuring tool
  • d) Cutting tool

January 27, 1997
107
  • 29. A trough used for carrying runoff water
  • a) Gutter
  • b) None of these
  • c) Meat
  • d) Valley duct

also eaves gutter, eaves trough, roof gutter a
shallow channel of metal or wood set immediately
below and along the eaves of a building to catch
and carry off rainwater from the roof
January 27, 1997
108
  • 30. The process of removing concrete forms from
    the cured concrete.
  • a) Stripping
  • b) Clearing
  • c) None of these
  • d) Deforming works

the cutting down of bushes and trees and the
digging and removal of their roots and stumps
January 27, 1997
109
  • 31. A structural member spanning from
    truss-to-truss or supporting rafters
  • a) Floor joist
  • b) Purlin
  • c) Girts
  • d) Girder

one of a series of parallel beams of timber,
reinforced concrete or steel used to support
floor loads and supported in turn by larger beams
or girders
a piece of timber laid horizontally on the
principal rafters of a roof to support the common
rafters on which the roof covering is laid
a horizontal structural member in the framing of
early timber-framed houses, typically supporting
the ends of the ceiling joists and acting as the
main horizontal support for the floor above
a large or principal beam of steel, reinforced
concrete or timber used to support concentrated
loads at isolated points along its length
January 27, 1997
110
  • 32. A threaded steel bent inserted in masonry
    construction for securing wood or metal plates to
    concrete construction.
  • a) Anchor bolt
  • b) U-bolt
  • c) Gusset plate
  • d) Strut

a rod bent in the shape of the letter U with
threads for nuts on the ends
a plate, usually triangular in shape, used to
connect two or more members or to add strength to
a framework
a brace or any piece of a frame which resists
thrusts in the direction of its own length may
be upright, diagonal or horizontal
January 27, 1997
111
  • 33. A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or
    concrete across the top of door or window opening
    to bear the weight of the walls above opening.
  • a) None of these
  • b) Lintel
  • c) Transom beam
  • d) Transverse rafter

a horizontal structural member (such as a beam)
over an opening which carries the weight of the
wall above it usually of steel, stone or wood
or transom bar an intermediate horizontal member
which separates a door from a window, panel or
louver above
not defined
January 27, 1997
112
  • 34. The placing of glass in windows and doors
  • a) None of these
  • b) Glazing
  • c) Puttying
  • d) Glassing

setting glass in an opening
applying putty to fill holes and cracks in wood
prior to painting or to secure and seal panes of
glass in window frames
not defined
January 27, 1997
113
  • 35. Another word for handrail on a stair
    construction
  • a) Balustrade
  • b) Banister
  • c) Hand guard
  • d) Stringer

an entire railing system (as along the edge of a
balcony) including a top rail and its balusters,
and sometimes a bottom rail
a handrail for a staircase
a long, heavy horizontal timber which connects
the posts in a frame which supports a floor
January 27, 1997
114
  • 36. A joint produced by lapping two pieces of
    materials
  • a) Sandwiched joint
  • b) Butt joint
  • c) Dado joint
  • d) Lap joint

or housed joint a joint between two wood
members, usually at right angles the full
thickness of the edge or end of one member is
inserted in a corresponding housing in the other
a joint in which one board, plank, metal plate,
etc., overlaps the edge of another piece the
overlapping part of each member may be cut away
to half thickness, resulting in flush surfaces
January 27, 1997
115
  • 37. Green lumber.
  • a) Womanized lumber
  • b) Creasate treated lumber
  • c) Tanalized lumber
  • d) Lumber that still contains moisture or
    sap

green lumber lumber which has not been dried or
seasoned
January 27, 1997
116
  • 38. The internal angle formed by the two roof
    slopes of a roof is called
  • a) Canal
  • b) Gutter
  • c) Valley
  • d) Ridge cap

a channel or groove, as a hollow between the
fillets of the volutes of an Ionic capital
a shallow channel of metal or wood set
immediately below and along the eaves of a
building to catch and carry off rainwater form
the roof
or ridge capping, ridge covering any covering
(such as metal, wood, shingle, etc.) used to
cover the ridge of a roof
January 27, 1997
117
  • 39. A vertical board attached on the ends of
    rafters. It is a part of the cornice.
  • a) Fascia
  • b) Decorative board
  • c) Face over
  • d) Construction board

or eaves fascia, fascia board a board that is
nailed vertically at the ends of roof rafters
sometimes supports a gutter
January 27, 1997
118
  • 40. A large heavy nail is referred to as
  • a) Spike
  • b) Anchorage hardware
  • c) None of these
  • d) Dowel rod

specially formed connectors used to fasten
together timbers, masonry, trusses, etc.
or simply dowel a cylindrical wood or metal rod
used to secure two pieces of wood, stone,
concrete, etc., by inserting it in a hole through
the two members
January 27, 1997
119
  • 41. Lumber specification S4S means
  • a) Smooth for surfacing jobs
  • b) square on four side
  • c) First class lumber
  • d) Smooth on four sides

January 27, 1997
120
  • 42. The term used to indicate top and lower
    principal member of a roof or bridge truss.
  • a) Rafter
  • b) Chord
  • c) Beam
  • d) Tie

one of a series of inclined structural members
from the ridge of the roof down to the eaves,
providing support for the covering of a roof
a structural member whose prime function is to
carry transverse loads, as a joist, girder,
rafter or purlin
any unit of material which connects two parts, as
masonry to masonry
January 27, 1997
121
  • 43. Strips of hardwood, usually 2 x 2 laid over
    a concrete slab floor
  • a) Sleepers
  • b) Leveling blocks
  • c) Wood anchor blocks
  • d) Wood saddle

not defined
(1) or wood block a solid piece of wood placed
in a concrete formwork to prevent movement of the
formwork or to fill a space (2) or anchor block a
block of wood, replacing a brick in a wall to
provide a nailing or fastening surface
any hollow-backed wooden structure suggesting a
saddle, as a ridge connected to two higher
elevations
January 27, 1997
122
  • 44. A wall that holds back on earth embankment
  • a) Shoring wall
  • b) Retaining wall
  • c) Buttress wall
  • d) Foundation wall

not defined
a wall, either freestanding or laterally braced,
that bears against an earth or other fill surface
and resists lateral and other forces from the
material in contact with the side of the wall,
thereby preventing the mass from sliding over to
a lower elevation
not defined
that part of the foundation for building which
forms the permanent retaining wall of the
structure below grade
January 27, 1997
123
  • 45. In structural steel section joints, it is
    recommended NOT to use
  • a) Rivets
  • b) Nuts and bolts
  • c) Oxy / acetylene welding
  • d) Electric arch welding

124
  • 46. A wall that serves two dwelling units, known
    also as party wall
  • a) Common wall
  • b) Property wall
  • c) Exterior wall
  • d) Perimeter wall

not defined
or external wall, periphery wall a wall which is
part of the envelope of a building, thereby
having one face exposed to the weather or to earth
not defined
January 27, 1997
125
  • 47. Pertaining to a material description that
    resembles glass.
  • a) Alabaster
  • b) Vitreous
  • c) Fiberglass
  • d) Cellulose

fine-grained, translucent variety of very pure
gypsum, generally white or delicately shaded
descriptive of that degree of vitrification
evidenced by low water absorption generally
signifies less than 0.3 absorption
or fibrous glass, glass fiber filaments of
glass, formed by pulling or spinning molten glass
into random lengths either gathered in a
wool-like mass or formed as continuous
thread-like filaments
a naturally occurring polysaccharide made up
solely of glucose units and found in most plants
the main constituent of dried woods, jute, flax,
hemp, ramie, etc.
January 27, 1997
126
  • 48. To allow concrete to dry slowly by keeping it
    moist to attain maximum strength.
  • a) Permentate
  • b) Stabilize
  • c) Tempering
  • d) Cure

not defined
to increase the stability of a solution or
suspension, usually by preventing precipitation
or of a structure by employing any structural
means to improve stability
(1) mixing lime, sand and water in such
proportions as to make mortar for masonry or
plastering (2) bringing to a proper degree of
hardness and elasticity for use, as steel or
other metal by heat treatment
to provide conditions conducive to the hydration
process of stucco or portland cement
January 27, 1997
127
  • 49. The material used for the process of making
    watertight the roof intersection and other
    exposed areas on the exterior of a building.
  • a) Capping
  • b) Flashing
  • c) Fascia
  • d) Gutter

any architectural member serving as a cap, such
as a coping
a color variation on the surface of a brick,
produced intentionally or otherwise, due to
surface fusion or vitrification of a film of
different texture
any flat horizontal member or molding with little
projection, as the bands into which the
architraves of Ionic and Corinthian entablatures
are divided
also eaves gutter, eaves trough, roof gutter a
shallow channel of metal or wood set immediately
below and along the eaves of a building to catch
and carry off rainwater from the roof
January 27, 1997
128
  • 50. The zigzag rule is a
  • a) A road builder too for measuring zigzag
    road
  • b) The law governing intricate road network
  • c) An all-metal type measuring tool
  • d) Carpenter measuring tool

January 27, 1997
129
51. Keystone is a) A wedge-shaped stone of an
arch b) A kind of grinding every stone c) A
stone shaped like a key d) A brand of vehicular
tire
January 27, 1997
130
  • 52. Kalomen door is
  • a) A fireproof door with metal covering
  • b) An indoor decorative door
  • c) A door product of Kuala Lumpur
  • d) None of these

this should be kalamein door
Kalamein door is a door of composite
construction usually having a wood core and
clad with galvanized sheet metal, sometimes with
panels of sheet rock or asbestos.
January 27, 1997
131
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
7 Multiple Choice Questions
January 24, 1998
132
  • 1. What is a material other than water,
    aggregate, or hydraulic cement, used as an
    ingredient of concrete and added to concrete
    before or during its mixture to modify its
    properties?
  • a) Admixture
  • b) Steam
  • c) Plasticiser
  • d) Retarder

used as a water repellent, as a coloring agent,
as a retarder or accelerator
an additive that increases plasticity of a cement
paste, mortar or concrete mixture
an admixture which delays the setting of cement
paste or the setting of mixtures such as mortar
or concrete containing cement
133
  • 2. Two M.S. plates are to be welded by end butt
    joint by a partial-penetration groove weld. The
    thicknesses of the plates are 16 mm. what is the
    minimum effective throat thickness of the weld?
  • a) 6.0 mm b) 9.0 mm
  • c) 7.5 mm d) 12.0 mm

134
  • 3. What are piles at an inclination to resist
    forces that are not critical?
  • a) Guide piles
  • b) Batter piles
  • c) Slope piles
  • d) Fender piles

heavy, square timbers which are driven vertically
downward to guide steel sheet-piling
or brace piles, spur piles piles driven at an
inclination to the vertical to provide resistance
to horizontal forces
135
  • 4. Local species of wood commonly used for wall
    studding, cabinet framing, and flush door
    framing, though scarcely available in the market
    now due to forestry ban. This type of species is
    used due to cheaper cost than the others listed
    below
  • a) Narra b) Molave
  • c) Mahogany d) Tanguile

136
  • 5. A special coating system with a high gloss
    shine while maintaining the natural wood
    qualities, maintenance free, used to finish and
    topcoat wood flooring
  • a) Polyethylene floor coating
  • b) Tile floor coating
  • c) Epoxy floor coating
  • d) Polyurethane floor coating

137
  • 6. A common and cheap masonry finish wherein dry
    consistency mortar mix is sprayed by mechanical
    or pneumatic means. The sprayed cement is left to
    dry and give a rustic finish.
  • a) Spraytex
  • b) Anay finish
  • c) Stucco finish
  • d) Sandblast

138
a window having a sash (ventilator) which rotates
about fixed vertical or horizontal pivots,
located at or toward the center, in contrast one
hung on hinges along an edge
  • 7. A type of window where the ventilating sash
    rotates 90 degrees to 180 degrees about the
    header and sill or about the side jamb
  • a) Combination
  • b) Pivoted
  • c) Awning
  • d) Jalousie

a window consisting of a number of top hinged
horizontal sashes one above the other, the bottom
edges of which swing outward operated by one
control device
a window consisting of a series of overlapping
horizontal glass louvers which pivot
simultaneously in a common frame and are actuated
by one or more operating devices so that the
bottom edge of each louver swings toward the
exterior and the top edge swings toward the
interior during opening
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