Hoof and Mouth Disease

1
Hoof and Mouth Disease

• Drexel Titus
• May 16, 2001

2
A.K.A Foot and Mouth Disease

• Caused by a virus that has a remarkable capacity
  to survive on dead things
• First outbreak in U.S. Occurred in 1870
• Attacks cattle, sheep, hogs, and other animals
  with cloven hoofs

3
Symptoms

• Fever
• Smacking of the lips
• Drooling
• Low energy
• Stiffness
• Blister in the mouth and on the feet
• Ulcers after the blisters break
• Hooves may separate
• Could kill some animals

4
How It Spreads

• People wearing contaminated clothing
• Other animals
• Contaminated facilities
• Raw or improperly cooked garbage containing
  affected meat or animal products is fed

5
How It Spreads Continued

• Material such as hay, foodstuffs, hides or
  biologics contaminated with the virus
• Contaminated water
• Inseminated by an affected bull

6
Measures of Control

• If an outbreak occurs, the federal and state
  authorities quarantine the area
• They kill the infected animal and bury them in
  quicklime
• They disinfect the area and food and clothing

7
Disease is still Around

• So far, there are 1,544 cases in the United
  Kingdom
• 3 in Northern Ireland
• 25 in the Netherlands
• 2 in France
• 1 in Ireland

8
Where are the current outbreaks?
9
(No Transcript)
10
Prevention and Control

• A single infected animal or one contaminated
  sausage could carry the virus to American
  Livestock
• If an outbreak occurred it would spread very
  rapidly because out animals have no immunity

11
FMD in America

• If FMD was to spread unchecked, the economic
  impact could reach billions of dollars in the
  first year.
• Wildlife would remain a reservoir for the virus

12
What You Can Do

• Watching for slobbering, lameness, and other
  signs of FMD in your herd
• Immediately report any unusual or suspicious
  signs of disease to your veterinarian or other
  agricultural official
• Both early recognition and prompt notification
  for eradication to be carried out successfully

13
Computerized image of FMD
14
Resources

• The USDA Internet Site
• Encyclopedia Britannica Volume F
• Funk and Wagnall's Internet Site

15
Thank You for Your Attention