Breast Feeding

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Breast Feeding

• Dr. Nahed Said Al-Nagger
• Assistant professor of Nursing
• Umm Al-Qura University

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Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)

• Define breast Feeding.
• Recognize different terminology related to breasr
  feeding.
• Identify the Benefits of B.F for both mother
  infants.
• Mention contraindications difficulties of B.F.
• Describe technique of B.F.
• Is

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Definition

• Breast Feeding
• Is the best method of feeing for newborn and
  preterm babys health.

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Exclusive Breast Feeding.

• Exclusive Breast Feeding means that
• - No food or drink other than breast milk is
  offered to breast feeding baby for up to 6
  months.
• Baby is fed on self demand,
• Day and night with no restrictions
• on the length or frequency of
• breast feeding.

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Partial Breast Feeding.

• Partial Breast Feeding is defined as feeding the
  infant breast milk for some feedings while and
  supplementing or substituting feedings with
  formula
• or glucose water at other
• times.

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Benefits of Breast Feeding to Mother

• Infants sucking promotes involution of the
  uterus after parturition.
• B.F saves time and is less of strain on family
  budget than buying fresh or evaporated milk.

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Benefits of Breast Feeding to Mother (cont)

• It lower the incidence of cancer breast.
• B-feed mothers are less liable to develop
  osteoporosis.
• It lose mother weight.
• B.F. protects mother from hip fractures.

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Benefits of Breast Feeding to Mother (cont)

• It fulfills the feminine role and motherly
  attitudes.
• B.F. helps the mother to
• relax and feel calm.
• B.F. help in providing healthy
• space between children, but it
• dose not provide complete contraception.

• A dream of every woman
• We are obliged to fulfil

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Benefits of Breast Feeding to infant

• Breast milk is warm, ready, sterile and balanced
  in protein, carbohydrates, fat and vitamins and
  does not cost anything.
• It is more easily digested than cows milk.

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Benefits of Breast Feeding to infant

• Breast- fed infants have greater immunity to
  certain childhood diseases, such as chest
  infection, ear infection.
• Infants are less likely to have gastro-intestinal
  disorders, anemia and vitamin deficiency.

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Benefits of Breast Feeding to infant

• Breast milk is important for the brain and CNS
  especially preterm.
• Infants who are not strictly breast- fed for at
  least two months double their risk of getting
  insulin dependent diabetes.

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Benefits of Breast Feeding to infant

• Breast feeding can protect the infant from
  allergies, such as enzyme and asthma.
• Breast milk is available all time.
• Infant is secure through constant with his mother
  and this has an effect on the childs
  psychological development.

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Colostrum

• Colostrum, a thin, yellowish fluid the breasts
  secretes it before milk production begins.
• It helps maintain the blood glucose level in the
  breastfeeding infant.

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Breast feeding reflexes

• Maternal reflexes
• Nipple erection reflex.
• Prolactine reflex from hypothalamus.
• Oxytoxic reflex from posterior pituitary gland.

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Breast feeding reflexes

• Maternal reflexes
• Prolactin initiates milk production and the
  breasts become full (engorged), as well as warm
  and tender, between postpartum days 3 and 4.
• Mothers often refer to this as having their milk
  "come in." There may be a slight elevation in
  body temperature during this time.

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Breast feeding reflexes

• Neonatal reflexes
• Rooting reflex.
• Sucking reflex.
• Swallowing reflex.
• Gagging reflex.

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Criteria of Breast Feeding

• Adequacy of breast feeding.
• Infant calm and satisfied after feed.
• Normal bowel motion.
• Normal weight gain.
• Under feeding.
• Failure of weight gain.
• Dehydration, constipation, sleep ness, colic.

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Criteria of Breast Feeding

• Over feeding.
• Regurgitation, vomiting, colic.
• Large bulky stool, abdominal distension,
  excessive sweating.

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Contraindications of breast feeding..

• Related to mother.
• Infectious disease (active T.B).
• Mental disease (epilepsy, hysteria,
• toxic drugs).
• Lung disease, cancer.
• Pregnancy.

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Contraindications of breast feeding..

• Related to infant.
• Inborn error of metabolism.
• Allergy to breast milk.
• Severe congenital anomaly (cleft lip/
• palate).

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Difficulties in Breast Feeding

• Defect in infant.
• Stomatitis, soreness of mouth.
• Congenital anomalies,
• premature, facial palsy .
• Defect in mother.
• Twins pregnancy.
• Poor development of breast, sore nipple,
  engorgement of breast, mastitis, abscess.

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Technique of Breast Feeding

• Positioning for both the mother and the
  infant is important to facilitate the infant
  latch on to the breast and to make both the
  mother and infant comfortable during each
  breastfeeding.

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Proper Positioning for Breast Feeding

• Foot- ball hold..
• Side lying position..
• Cradle position..
• Cross cradle position..
• Horizontal position..

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Proper Positioning for Breast Feeding

• The infant is placed chest to chest with the
  mother at the level of the breast and the babys
  head and body are supported.
• The infants mouth is placed directly in front of
  the breast, and the infants nose, cheeks and chin
  should touch the breast.

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Proper Positioning for Breast Feeding

• Position mother hand around the breast correctly,
  
• using the C or
• V (Scissor) hold to
• direct the nipple
• towards the infants
• mouth.

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Proper Positioning for Breast Feeding

• The the C or V (Scissor) hold helps the
  mother support her breast and position it to
  promote latch-on.
• Using the C or V hold also helps the
  mother hold her fingers in a way that prevents
  obstruction of the lactiferous ducts.

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Proper Positioning for Breast Feeding

• N.B.
• No position can be labeled Ideal the important
  thing is that the mother is relaxed an can hold
  her infant close to her breast comfortably for
  the time it takes

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Duration of the Feeding

• N.B.
• Five to ten minutes in each breast

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• Assess the breasts for signs of engorgement,
  including fullness around postpartum days 3 and
  4 assess for hot, red, painful, and edematous
  areas, which could indicate mastitis assess
  nipple condition for patients who are
  breastfeeding.

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• PATIENT TEACHING
• Breastfeeding patients
• should wear a comfortable support bra.
• Instruct mothers to gently rub colostrum or
  breast milk into their nipples and allow them to
  air dry after each feeding to "condition" the
  nipples.

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• PATIENT TEACHING
• Patients should avoid
• washing the nipples with soap.
• It is also extremely important to teach patients
  proper breastfeeding techniques to ensure a
  positive experience for both the patient and
  infant.

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• PATIENT TEACHING
• Teaching proper latch-on techniques and how to
  break the infant's suction after feeding can have
  a positive and lasting effect upon women's
  breastfeeding experiences.

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• PATIENT TEACHING
• Patients may have sore,
• cracked, and sometimes bleeding nipples, which
  can discourage the continuation of breastfeeding.
• Instruct bottle feeding patients to wear a
  tight-fitting bra and to avoid any type of nipple
  stimulation until lactation ends.

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• Patients who choose not to breastfeed will also
  experience their milk "coming in" however,
  lactation can be suppressed through the use of a
  well-fitting bra.

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• Non-breastfeeding patients should also avoid
  any type of nipple stimulation or heat to the
  breasts, such as warm or hot showers in which the
  water is allowed to run continuously over the
  breasts.

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Nurses role in breast Feeding

• Patients may use ice packs or cool cabbage
  leaves to ease breast discomfort until milk
  production ceases.
• It generally takes 5 to 7 days for the breasts to
  stop producing milk.
• Healthcare providers may consider prescribing
  mild analgesics if the patient has significant
  discomfort.

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Questions?
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THANK YOU
10/26/2013 23150 PM
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