NAVIGATION TRAINING Section 1- Types of Navigation

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NAVIGATION TRAININGSection 1- Types of Navigation
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Table of Contents

• Section 1 Types of Navigation
• Section 2 Terrestial Coordinates
• Section 3 Charts
• Section 4 Compass
• Section 5 Nautical Publications
• Section 6 Navigational Aids
• Section 7 Buoyage
• Section 8 Position Lines and Fixes
• Section 9 Tides
• Section 10 Currents
• Section 11 Weather

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Types of Navigation
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Types of Navigation
Navigation The process of safely and
efficiently directing the movements of a vessel
from one place to another.
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Types of Navigation
1. Piloting (Coastal) Navigation 2. Dead
Reckoning 3. Celestial Navigation 4. Radio
Navigation 5. Electronic Navigation
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Types of Navigation

• Piloting (Coastal) Navigation
• This is the process by which the ships position
  is found usually at a set interval, by taking 3
  compass bearings of fixed, prominent and
  identifiable charted objects.
• These bearings, when corrected for deviation and
  variation are plotted on the chart, and the
  vessels position at that time is found.
• A sextant can be used on coastal navigation as
  well.

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Types of Navigation
Piloting (Coastal) Navigation
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Types of Navigation
2. Dead Reckoning This type of navigation is
used, working from a last known position fix.
The vessels steady course and speed over a
known period of time is used to calculate the
True Course and Distance traveled over that
period of time. This True Course and Distance is
plotted from the last known position fix, and a
Dead Reckoning Position obtained.
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Types of Navigation
Dead Reckoning
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Types of Navigation
3. Celestial Navigation This form of navigation
is using a sextant to measure the vertical angle
of sun, moon, planets or stars above the horizon,
combined with exact GMT time taken from a
chronometer. A calculation based on a dead
reckoning position, will yield the distance
towards or away the celestial object from that
position, and a single position line is found.
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Types of Navigation
Celestial Navigation (Continued)
If a number of stars altitudes are taken at
around the same time, normally at twilight, a fix
can be made. Similarly if a planet and the sun
are about 60 degrees or more in azimuth, can be
measured at about the same time an reasonably
accurate fix can be obtained.
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Types of Navigation
Celestial Navigation (Continued)
Otherwise the most common method is to use a
running fix with two sights of the sun taken over
about three hours, of which one may be when the
sun is due north or south.
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Types of Navigation
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Types of Navigation
4. Radio Navigation Radio Navigation is
generally defined as using a direction finder to
take radio bearings of known Marine Radio Beacons
ashore, and plotting those position lines on a
chart. Generally used when well off shore.
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Types of Navigation

• 5. Electronic Navigation
• This form of navigation is any navigation
  undertaken using electronic navigational aids.
• These include
• LORAN C
• Radar
• Transit Satellite Navigator
• Global Positioning System

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Types of Navigation
Electronic Navigation (Continued) It is
important that the navigator understands the
limitations and error that these systems are
prone to. Only then can a true appreciation of
the fix accuracy be made, and the accuracy of the
position of the vessel be made.
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Types of Navigation
The primary systems Royal Canadian Marine Search
and Rescue will be concerned with are 1.
Pilotage (Coastal) Navigation 2. Electronic
Navigation