The 13 Colonies - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 29
About This Presentation
Title:

The 13 Colonies

Description:

The 13 Colonies 4th Grade Class The New England Colonies Massachusetts (1620) Rhode Island (1636) Connecticut (1636) New Hampshire (1638) Life in New England Most New ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:942
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 30
Provided by: CherylB160
Category:
Tags: colonies

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: The 13 Colonies


1
The 13 Colonies
  • 4th Grade Class

2
The New England Colonies
  • Massachusetts (1620)
  • Rhode Island (1636)
  • Connecticut (1636)
  • New Hampshire (1638)

3
Life in New England
  • Most New Englanders were farmers
  • They work small plots of land growing crops such
    as wheat, oats, and peas
  • They grew only enough to feed their families
  • Large farms were difficult so the New Englanders
    had to find another way to earn a living
  • They specialized in fishing and ship building
  • The coast had many good harbors
  • Thick forest provided wood for building ships
  • The harbors and forest helped develop a great
    shipbuilding industry

4
Fishing and Whaling
  • The ocean water off the New England coast was
    full of fish
  • Many colonists made their money by catching and
    selling fish
  • Merchants sold most of their fish as exports to
    Europe
  • The colonists also hunted whales
  • The trading between the colonists were voluntary
    which means the trading helped everyone

5
Triangular Trade
  • The products of the New England colonies were
    often traded to other places
  • They shipped fish and lumber to Europe, Africa,
    and the West Indies
  • They also brought in goods from these countries
    (Import)
  • The trading between North America, Europe, and
    Africa formed an imaginary triangle across the
    Atlantic Ocean

6
Triangular Trade
7
Slavery
  • Some traders in the triangular trade made money
    by selling human beings
  • Many Africans died of disease or hunger along the
    way to North America
  • Africans were sold to colonists and forced to
    work
  • Slave trade was the business of buying and
    selling human beings

8
Home and Community Life
  • New England families were large
  • They lived in small wooden houses
  • Most light came from candles and lamps with whale
    oil
  • Many homes had one main room
  • Families slept on mattresses near the fire to
    keep warm

9
Work in the House
  • Almost everything a family needed had to be grown
    or made by hand at home
  • Men and boys spent most of their time in the
    fields tending to the farms
  • Women and girls spent their time preparing and
    preserving food for the winter
  • Women and girls also made household items like
    clothing, soap, and candles

10
Education and Recreation
  • Puritans wanted everyone to read the bible
  • Some parents taught their children to read and
    write at home
  • Many New England colonies had schools
  • The families worked hard in the fields, but they
    also made time for play

11
The Great Awakening
  • Religion was a central part of New England Life
  • Many ministers began moving throughout the New
    England colonies to convince the colonists to
    renew their faith
  • Many colonists joined the Protestant groups

12
The Middle Colonies
  • New York (1626)
  • Delaware (1638)
  • New Jersey (1664)
  • Pennsylvania (1682)

13
New York and New Jersey
  • The middle colonies settlements began in 1664
  • The King of England gave land to his brother
    James, Duke of York, to start a colony
  • The Duke of York, was a proprietor, person who
    owns and controlled the land
  • James Kept part of the land and gave the rest to
    two friends, John Berkeley and George Carteret
  • They divided the land into East Jersey and West
    Jersey
  • They combined the land in 1702 to form New Jersey

14
New York and New Jersey
  • The proprietors of New York and New Jersey wanted
    to make money
  • They divided the fertile land into smaller lots
    and sold them to colonists to farm
  • They proprietors lived in England so it was
    difficult to control the property
  • They picked governors to rule the colonies for
    them
  • They also allowed the colonists to choose a
    representative to attend the assembly meetings to
    give voice to the colonies

15
Pennsylvania and Delaware
  • William Penn decided to began the colony of
    Pennsylvania
  • He was a member of the religious group, the
    Quakers
  • The Quakers believed that all Christians should
    be free to worship in their own way
  • King Charles II owed Penn money and repaid him
    with land which he used to begin the colony of
    Pennsylvania
  • Penn created laws that allowed colonists to voice
    their opinions and worship freely

16
Pennsylvania and Delaware
  • The colonists were also allowed to elect a
    representative to the assembly
  • Penn treated the Indians with respect
  • Penn also made fair treaties with the Native
    Americans of the Delaware

17
Philadelphia
  • Philadelphia is Pennsylvanias first large city
  • The city was located on the Delaware and
    Schuykill Rivers
  • The rivers allowed ships to bring goods from
    other colonies and from Europe
  • Philadelphia soon became a center of trade
  • Benjamin Franklin was Philadelphias most famous
    citizen
  • He published newspapers and books, started
    libraries fire companies, and hospitals, and
    developed many inventions

18
Life in the Middle Colonies
  • A Mix of People
  • People in the Middle Colonies came from many
    lands
  • Many were Quakers or Protestant churches, Jews
    and Catholics
  • The population was diverse because of religious
    tolerance
  • There was a large population because the land was
    inexpensive
  • People came to the Middle Colonies to escape
    punishment for their religious beliefs, to farm
    their own land, to find a better way of lice

19
Making a Living
  • The climate and soil of the Middle Colonies were
    excellent for farming
  • Men and women spent long hours in the fields
    farming
  • Children helped out as soon as they were old
    enough
  • Boys help plant and harvest and girls helped
    cook, sew, and do housework
  • They grew vegetables, fruits, and grains (wheat,
    corn, and barley)
  • They were known as the breadbasket of the
    thirteen colonies

20
Making a Living
  • Farming was so good in the Middle Colonies, that
    the families often had a surplus which they sold
    for a living
  • They used the long rivers to ship their surplus
    to other colonies
  • The Middle Colonies had a free market economy
    where the people decides what will be produced
  • Colonists in the Middle Colonies were free to
    make decisions they believed would earn them the
    most money

21
City Life
  • Philadelphia and New York were the two largest
    cities and most important cities in the Middle
    Colonies
  • Both cities had ports and were the centers for
    shipping and trade
  • Laborers found work in the cities
  • Some of the laborers in the Middle Colonies were
    enslaved Africans
  • Many people in the city became apprentices who
    studied with a master to learn a skill
  • Many children in the Middle Colonies learned to
    read and write, but work was more important

22
The Southern Colonies
  • Maryland (1632)
  • Virginia (1607)
  • North Carolina (1729)
  • South Carolina (1663)
  • Georgia (1732)

23
Virginia
  • In 1607 Virginia became the first permanent
    English colony in North America
  • A plantation is a large farm on which crops are
    raised by workers who live on the farm
  • Most plantation workers were indentured servants
    or enslaved Africans
  • Plantation owners became wealthy by growing cash
    crops (tobacco, rice, indigo)

24
Governing the Colony
  • As the colony of Virginia grew, the people wanted
    to have a voice in the laws of the colony
  • In 1619, they created the first elected
    legislature, people with the power to make and
    change laws
  • This legislature was called the House of Burgess
  • Most members of the House of Burgess were members
    of the Church of England which became the
    official church.
  • Other religions had to leave the colony

25
New Colonies in the South
  • Between 1632 and 1732, four more colonies were
    established in the south

26
Maryland
  • The colony of Maryland began in 1632
  • King Charles gave land to Cecilius Calvert, also
    known as Lord Baltimore
  • Calvert wanted to make Maryland a refuse, safe
    place, for Catholics
  • In 1649, Maryland passed a Tolerance Act which
    promised Christians free worship

27
The Carolinas
  • During the late 1600s, England, Spain, and
    France claimed land south of Virginia
  • King Charles II wasted to start another colony on
    this land
  • In 1663 King Charles began a colony south of
    Virginia called Carolina
  • Colonists settled in the southern part of the
    Carolinas
  • Farming was good and there were many harbors
  • When the colony grew too large, it became two
    colonies in 1729 (North Carolina and South
    Carolina)

28
Georgia
  • In 1732 King George II started another colony to
    keep the Spanish and French away from South
    Carolina
  • He gave the land to James Oglethorpe
  • The colony was named Georgia to honor King George
  • Oglethorpe wanted the land to be a place for poor
    people and debtors (who owed money)
  • He offered them free trips to Georgia and small
    farms to own
  • Oglethorpe made strict rules for this colony
  • Colonists did not like the rules

29
Georgia
  • The laws were later changed
  • Slaves were brought in to work the large farms
  • Georgia became a wealthy plantation colony
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com