Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in the Developing World: The USAID Role

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Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in the
Developing World The USAID Role

• Emmy B. Simmons
• Assistant Administrator
• Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade
• US Agency for International Development
• July 31, 2002

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Climate Change Projections and Developing
Countries

• Greenhouse Gas Emissions Will Increase As
  Development Occurs
• Temperature and Precipitation Changes Are Likely
  to Affect Agriculture in Many Tropical Countries
• Weather Variability May Increase Socio-economic
  Vulnerability

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Climate Change Outlooks in Transition Countries

• Carbon Intensity Can Be Improved Through Improved
  Efficiencies
• Vast Carbon Management Potential in Agricultural
  and Range Lands, and Forests
• Strong Scientific Capacity

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History of USAIDs Climate Change Program

• 1990 Requested by Congress to Assess Win-win
  Opportunities in Developing Countries
• 1991-93 Launched in First Agency-wide Global
  Warming Initiative
• 1995-97 Undertook 4 Regional Initiatives
• 1997-2002 1 Billion Climate Change Initiative

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USAID Climate Change Spending
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A Cross-Sectoral Approach

• ENERGY

AGRICULTURE
FORESTRY
HEALTH
WATER AND COASTAL AREAS
DISASTER PREVENTION AND RESPONSE
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USAIDs Approach to Climate Change
Carbon Management Sequestration
Vulnerability Adaptation to Impacts
Energy, Industrial/Urban Emissions
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A Conceptual Matrix
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USAIDs Climate Change Strategy

• GOAL Maximize Climate-related Benefits in All
  Sectors By
• Targeting Policy Reform and Capacity Building
• Catalyzing Private Sector Investment and
  Technology Cooperation
• Building Effective Partnerships
• Supporting Demonstration Projects and Replication
• Providing and Leveraging Access to Credit and
  Financing (Including Local)

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Countries Participating in USAIDs Climate Change
Program
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FY 2002 Spending by Region
Total 167.4 million
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FY 2002 Spending by Sector
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Presidential Commitments FY 2003

• At Least 155 Million to Continue Addressing
  Climate Change Issues in Developing Countries
• Contribute to 25 Million (FY 02-03) for Climate
  Observing in Developing Countries
• 50 Million for Tropical Forestry Initiative

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How USAID Participates in the Work of the CCSPO

• 21.5 Million in FY 2002 and 2003 for Climate
  Observing
• Builds Capacity for Using Climate Monitoring
  Through Disaster Preparedness/response and
  Development Planning
• Implements Science-based Development Programs
  (Agriculture, Environment, Health. Etc.)
• Provides Opportunities for USG to Strengthen
  Links Between Climate Science and Development

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Summary of Programs
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Targeting Policy Reform and Capacity Building
Famine Early Warning (FEWS Net)

• Budget 6 Million (FY02) and 6 Million (FY03)
• Partners NOAA, USGS, NASA, Tulane, ARD,
  Chemonics International
• Started 1987
• Purpose To Provide Decision-makers With the
  Information to Effectively Respond to Drought,
  Flood, and Food Insecurity.
• Analyzes Remote Sensing Data and Ground-based
  Meteorological, Crop, and Range-land Observations
• Tracks Progress of Rainy Seasons in Semi-arid
  Regions of Africa to Identify Early Indications
  of Potential Famine.
• Replicated in Afghanistan, Plans to Implement
  Worldwide

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Catalyzing investment and Technology Cooperation
Flood Forecasting in Bangladesh

• Budget 458k (FY02) and 308k (FY03)
• Partners NOAA/OGP, University of Colorado, ADPC,
  International Research Institute for Climate
  Prediction (IRI), European Center for Medium
  Range Weather Forecasts.
• Started 2000 (Though Engagement on This Issue
  Began in Bangladesh in the 1980s)
• Purpose To Develop a Comprehensive
  Flood-forecasting System for Bangladesh.

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Building Effective Partnerships Drought
Monitoring Centers in Nairobi Harare

• Budget 1,350k (FY02) and 1,008k (FY03)
• Partners NOAA, WMO, IRI, FEWS NET, SADC
• Started 1999
• Purpose To Improve Climate Monitoring,
  Prediction and Applications, and Early Warning of
  Climate Related Disasters
• Supports Regional Disaster Preparedness and Other
  Sustainable Development Objectives in Greater
  Horn of Africa (GHA).
• Why Engage? 70 of Natural Disasters Are Related
  to Climate and Weather

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Supporting Demonstration Projects and
Replication RANET

• Budget 300k (FY03)
• Partners NOAA, UNDP, World Vision, University of
  Oklahoma, Meteorological Services
• Started 1999
• Purpose Strengthens Meteorological Services and
  Puts in Place Capacity and Infrastructure to
  Broadcast Weather-related Data and Information
  Via Radio, Internet, and Digital Broadcast to
  Farmers and Citizens Groups.
• Conducts Training Program Throughout Africa to
  Assist Broad Outreach and Replication
• RANET Countries Include Niger, Uganda, Kenya,
  Zambia, Chad, Senegal and Mozambique.

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Key Contacts

• Ko Barrett, Team Leader, Climate Change Team,
  Bureau for Economic Growth, Agriculture and
  Trade, USAID
• T [phone]
• E-mail kbarrett_at_usaid.gov
• Emmy B. Simmons, Assistant Administrator, Bureau
  for Economic Growth, Agriculture and Trade, USAID
  
• T [phone]
• E-mail emsimmons_at_usaid.gov
• Harry Proctor, Deputy Team Leader,
• Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance, Bureau
  for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian
  Assistance
• T [phone]
• E-mail hproctor_at_usaid.gov