The Periodic Table of Elements

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The Periodic Table of Elements

• Block 6 7
• SNC1D1 Grade 9 Science

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Recall from Wednesday

• The periodic table contains information on all
  the known elements of the universe
• Metals, metalloids, and non-metals
• Rows in the periodic table are called periods
• Columns are called groups

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C. Families

• Each group/family has a name

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(No Transcript)
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Alkali Metals

• First columncalled Group 1

• VERY REACTIVE metals
• Always found combined in nature with another
  element
• Soft enough to be cut with a butter knife!

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VIDEO DEMO Comparing Family Behaviours

• Table 1 Observations of Group 1 Metals

Metal Group Period Appearance of metal Reactant Observations of reaction
Li H2O
Na H2O
K H2O
Rb H2O
Cs H2O
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VIDEO DEMO Comparing Family Behaviours
Table 1 Observations of Group 1 Metals
Metal Group Period Appearance of metal Reactant Observations of reaction
Li 1 2 H2O
Na 1 3 H2O
K 1 4 H2O
Rb 1 5 H2O
Cs 1 6 H2O
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Alkali Metals in water
See Videos Lithium Sodium Potassium Rubidium
Cesium
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VIDEO DEMO Comparing Family Behaviours

• Table 1 Observations of Group 1 Metals

Metal Group Period Appearance of metal Reactant Observations of reaction
Li 1 2 Silvery, soft H2O Bubbles/gas forms
Na 1 3 Silvery, soft H2O Bubbles form fast, burns with orange flame
K 1 4 Silvery, soft H2O Faster rxn than Na, burns with lilac flame
Rb 1 5 Silvery, soft H2O Faster rxn than K, flames flying
Cs 1 6 Silvery, soft H2O Faster rxn than Rb, flames flying, breaking glass
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What would you expect from Francium?!?!
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Alkaline Earth Metals

• Second columncalled Group 2

• REACTIVE metals , but not as much as Group 1
• Always combine with non-metals in nature
• Some make up important minerals in our diet

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VIDEO DEMO Comparing Family Behaviours
Table 2 Observations of Group 2 Metals
Metal Group Period Appearance of metal Reactant Observations of reaction
Mg H2O
Ca H2O
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VIDEO DEMO Comparing Family Behaviours
Table 2 Observations of Group 2 Metals
Metal Group Period Appearance of metal Reactant Observations of reaction
Mg 2 3 Silvery, slightly soft H2O
Ca 2 4 Silvery, harder metal H2O
See Videos Magnesium Calcium
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VIDEO DEMO Comparing Family Behaviours
Table 2 Observations of Group 2 Metals
Metal Group Period Appearance of metal Reactant Observations of reaction
Mg 2 3 Silvery, slightly soft H2O Bubbles formed on Mg strip
Ca 2 4 Silvery, harder metal H2O Bubbles quickly forming, fast reaction
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Transition Metals

• Middle SectionGroups 3-12

• Hard metals that are less reactive
• Metals used in construction and jewellery
• Also used to make paints and other pigments

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The Halogens

• Column 17called Group 7

• REACTIVE non-metals and volatile (gaseous)
• Always combine with metals in nature
• Used as disinfectants (Cl) to strengthen teeth
  (F)

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Noble Gases

• Column 18called Group 8

• Very UNREACTIVE gases because they have a full
  outer shell of electrons
• Used in neon signs and balloons

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Jellyfish lamps made with noble gases artist-
Eric Ehlenberger
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Colors Noble Gases produce in lamp tubes

• Ne (Neon) orange-red
• Hg (Mercury) light blue
• Ar (Argon) pale lavender
• He (Helium) pale peach
• Kr (Krypton) pale silver
• Xe (Xenon) pale, deep blue

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HOMEWORK

• Memorize the name symbols of 1st 20 elements
  Fe, Ag, Au, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni, Sn, Hg, Pt, W
• Block 7 text questions