Generation and Distribution of electrical energy

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Generation and Distribution of electrical energy

• Grade 8

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Energy generation
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(No Transcript)
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Electric generation

• The electricity generation sequence involves
  taking charge from the Earth, doing work on it to
  give it energy (expressed in terms of voltage),
  transporting the energy via a distribution
  system, using the energy, and dumping the spent
  charge back to the Earth. The Earth acts as
  a charge reservoir and reference potential for
  the energy transfer process.

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Generation and Distribution of electrical energy
diagram
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Electric generation

• While this picture of the Earth as the reservoir
  of charge from which charge is taken and to which
  charge is returned after the energy is used is
  the "big picture" of the large generation and
  distribution system, it may not be applied too
  literally in the local situation. You cannot
  depend on a "ground" connection to the Earth to
  be sufficient as the path by which charge returns
  to the Earth.

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Coal used to proproduce electrical energy
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Electric generation

• In particular, just a connection to a grounding
  rod is not a sufficiently low resistance path to
  provide shock protection by quickly carrying
  charge to the Earth in the case of a short
  circuit to ground. For electrical safety,
  the ground wire must be "bonded" back to the
  neutral of the supply transformer to force the
  tripping of the breaker in a ground fault
  situation.

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Distribution of electrical energy
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Electric distribution

• The electric energy obtained in the electric
  generation process must be transported to the end
  user by electric conductors without
  large resistive power losses in the distribution
  process. A key part of the strategy for doing so
  involves using transformers to increase the
  voltage to hundreds of thousands of volts to
  minimize loss to heat in the transmission wires.

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Electric distribution

• The three high voltage conductors shown on the
  utility pole at right indicate that the power
  distribution is "three-phase", with each
  conductor 120 degrees in phase away from each of
  the others. If each section of the large
  insulators can withstand a working voltage of
  10,000 volts, these conductors may be operating
  at something like 150,000 volts.

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How electrical energy get to our homes
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Video web site

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vfQNQKkvGQL0-
  (Anatomy of a Distribution System)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vpXasvq1ivnw (How
  Power Gets to Your Home )
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v-ZBNNcczmDM (The
  Journey of Electrical Energy )
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vgggqvitMDuY
  (Electrical Power Generation )
• http//www.youtube.com/results?search_queryhowis
  electricitygeneratedanimationoqhowiselectri
  citygs_lyoutube.1.2.0l10.2364.47320.0.53031.24
  .19.1.4.5.0.1561.9733.2j1j2j5j2j3j1j2j1.19.0...0.0
  ...1ac.1.cFN0WgSFxVw ( how is electricity
  generated animation)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v20Vb6hlLQSg
  (Energy 101 Electricity Generation )
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?ve_CcrgKLyzc (How
  do you make electricity from coal - animated
  video)