WESTWARD EXPANSION

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WESTWARD EXPANSION
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MANIFEST DESTINY

• 1840s expansion of the west exploded. Felt
  moving westward was predestined by God
• Reasons abundance of land, new markets, new
  opportunities, spread Christianity
• "(It is) ..our manifest destiny to over spread
  and to possess the whole of the continent which
  Providence has given us for the development of
  the great experiment of liberty" In 1845 these
  words were written by John O'Sullivan, a democrat
  leader and editor newspaper

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TEXAS INDEPENDENCE

• 1835- Texans claimed independence from Mexico -
  war
• -Remember the ALAMO(1836) The Mexican army killed
  all 187 US defenders
• Then Sam Houston and his rebels attacked a
  Mexican army and cried Remember the Alamo which
  ended the war and Texas gained independence

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WAR WITH MEXICO

• 1845 Texas entered the Union
• Pres. Polk wanted all the land to the Rio Grande
  
• Tried peace talks Mexico refused
• Called for War
• Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
• -Mexico agreed to border at the Rio Grande
  plus US gained NM and CA The US paid Mexico 15
  million for the land.

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CA gold rush

• 1848- Gold found
• Forty -niners
• CA population rose from 400 (1848) to 44,000
  (1850) to 100,000(1859)
• Revolutionized Californias economy

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Compromise of 1850
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Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854 (By Stephen Douglas)

• Kansas would be a slave state and Nebraska would
  be a free state.
• Totally wrecked the Missouri Compromise
• Technically it would be decided by popular
  sovereignty

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Bleeding Kansas Issue

• Slavery in Kansas
• People are divided and angry
• 1856 US Senate
• Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner made an
  ugly speech about the South (especially SC)
• A SC senator Preston Brooks gets up and strikes
  Sumner with a cane!!

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Sumner vs. Brooks Cont

• Brooks resigned his seat, but was reelected
• Sumner had to leave for treatment in Europe
• The Kansas problem spilled over into the Senate.

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Dred Scott Decision
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REFORMING AMERICA SOCIETY

• Second Great Awakening
• 1790s to 1830s a Christian movement that focus
  on revivals

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SLAVERY AND ABOLITION

• ABOLITION- the movement to free African Americans
  from slavery

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William Lloyd Garrison

• White abolitionist called for immediate freedom
  of slaves
• In the very first issue of his anti-slavery
  newspaper, the Liberator, William Lloyd Garrison
  stated, "I do not wish to think, or speak, or
  write, with moderation. . . . I am in earnest --
  I will not equivocate -- I will not excuse -- I
  will not retreat a single inch -- AND I WILL BE
  HEARD

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FREDERICK DOUGLASSThe most prominent black
abolitionist

• Escaped from bondage in 1831 at age 21
• Gifted orator, editor, writer
• Critic of slavery through His newspaper, The
  North Star
• Looked at politics to change slavery

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Turners REBELLION

• Slaves rebelled against their conditions led by
  Nat Turner, a VA slave in August 1831
• Turner and 50 others attacked 4 plantations and
  killed around 60
• Eventually Turner and followers were captured and
  killed
• Importance- scared slaveholders and encouraged
  the abolitionist movement

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Womens REFORM

• Women played important roles in reform
• Abolitionists
• Temperance
• (effort to prohibit alcohol)
• Education
• Health Care

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Womens rights emerge

• Seneca Falls womens conference calling for the
  right to vote
• Sojourner Truth abolitionist, sought equal
  rights for women and African Americans

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UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

• Secret network of people who would help slaves to
  freedom
• Harriet Tubman helped over 300 slaves to freedom

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READING NOTES

• COMPLETE THE READING NOTES AND MAP USING THE
  COPIED TEXT