ENERGY CONSERVATION

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Master Energy Program

• ENERGY CONSERVATION
• MANAGEMENT
• A COMPREHENSIVE
• TRAINING PROGRAM
• WORKSHOP

RIEDC Rhode Island Economic Development
Corporation Building the 21st Century
Innovation Economy
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Master Energy Program

• Educational Training Seminar
• This training document has been developed
• under the support and guidance of
• The University of Rhode Island
• URI Energy Center, Energy Outreach Programs
• Rhode Island Economic Development Corporation
• Rhode Island Office of Energy Resources
• Ocean State Clean Cities Coalition

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Program Logistics

• Session I Energy 101
• Energy
  Basics
• Session II Around the Home I
• Small Investment Big
  Savings
• Session III Around the Home II
• Big Investment Big
  Savings
• Session IV - Legislature Policy
• Standards, Codes,
  Finance Taxes

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Session I Energy 101

• History of energy in the US
• Where our energy comes from how we use it
• What is your energy consumption
• How to read and understand your utility bill
• Energy accounting, tracking bench marking

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The History of Energy in the US

• The past 100 years
• Muscle
• Wood
• Whale Oil
• Coal
• Petroleum
• Natural Gas
• Renewable energy

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US Consumption by Source
US energy consumption, by source, 1850-2000.
Vertical axis is in quadrillion BTU
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The Forms of Energy We UseUs Energy
Consumption by Resource
Source Annual Energy Outlook 2006, Energy
Information Administration.
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US Petroleum Supply
Although we are the third largest crude oil
producer, most of the petroleum we use is
imported.
Although we are the third largest crude oil
producer, most of the petroleum we use is
imported.
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Where Petroleum in the US Comes
From
Western Hemisphere nations provide about half of
our imported petroleum.
Western Hemisphere nations provide about half of
our imported petroleum.
10
World Energy Use by Fuel Type
33
History
Projections
29
37
Liquids
24
Natural Gas
Coal
27
Share of World Total
23
8
8
6
Nuclear
6
Renewable
Source EIA, IEO2008
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Where World Petroleum Comes From
12
Future World Supply
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World Energy Demand

• United States
• Europe and Asia OECD
• China and India - Non-OECD
• Europe Eurasia Non-OECD

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Why should you care?US Oil Addiction

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Another Reason to Care US production

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Two More Reasons to CareChina/India energy
demand increasing

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The Biggest Reason To CareOil prices continue to
rise

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Effects on Global Warming
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Sustainability
With Significant Environmental Consequence
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The Effects of CO2 over 400 thousand years and
its effect on Global Temperature
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CO2 Concentration over the last 130 yearsand its
Effect on Global Temperature
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Global Warming in Rhode Island
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Electrical Distribution
New England relies on over 350 Electric Energy
Generators
23
RI Electric Power Sources
Imported Power 12.4
Oil 3.8
These six Energy Forms 91.5
24
Natural Gas Energy to Produce Electricity vs.
Our Consumption
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All Fossil Fuels in New England
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Building New Supply Cost vs. Efficiency
27
More Energy Efficiency is Needed
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How We Use Our EnergyUS Energy Consumption by
Sector
Source Annual Energy Outlook 2006, Energy
Information Administration.
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Energy Consumption by Region
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What is Your Consumption

• Home
• Natural Gas
• Heating Oil
• Electricity
• Water
• Sewer
• Transportation
• Auto
• Mass Transit
• Travel

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RI Typical Utility Cost
Consumption Distribution with
Natural Gas

• Typically the cost of utilities represents the
  second or third largest budget line item
• The pie chart represents a typical annual
  utility budget break down

4600.00 Annual Cost
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RI Typical Utility Cost
Consumption Distribution with Heating
Oil

• Typically the cost of utilities represents the
  second or third largest budget line item
• The pie chart represents a typical annual
  utility budget break down

4759.00 Annual Cost
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NE Residential Utility Cost
1966.00 Annual Cost 1206 CCF, 7841 kWh
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NE Residential Utility Cost
4683.00 Annual Cost 1197 CCF, 8108 kWh
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Energy Management

• You cant manage what you havent measured
• The foundation of sound and sustainable energy
  management

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An Energy Management Plan
What is it?

• A Must Have Tool
• Measurement
• Tracking and bench marking
• Identifying all utilities
• Educated approach to use and procurement
• It will yield savings
• IT IS ACCOUNTABILITY

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Why Do You Need A Plan

• It allows you to see were, when how
• You use energy
• How efficient you are
• Identifies areas of concern
• The basis for repairs
• Utility budget forecasting
• Project Planning
• Grant Opportunities
• Renewable Energy Projects
• Environmental Impact

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Accountability

• Utility bill Tracking and Bench Marking
• Tracking
• History
• Cost
• Consumption
• Weather
• Excel, Energy Cap Pro or Com Check
• Energy Star-Portfolio Manager
• Utility Module
• Energy Tracker Spring 2009

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Understanding Your Utility Bill

• Identify all of your utilities
• Perform a building survey and list all
  utilities meters
• Reading and understanding the bill
• Use consumption
• Demand rate of consumption
• Taxes
• Energy Fee
• Other Charges

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Typical Electric Bill
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Energy Accounting

• Collect Building Physical Data
• Physical Attributes
• Multiple buildings/meters
• Construction type
• Floor plans, schematics, equipment schedule,
  zoning
• Operational Profiles
• Occupancy Profiles
• Occupied Hours
• Local Weather Data
• Average Monthly Temperatures
• Heating Cooling Degree Days

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Energy Fundamentals

• Common Units of Measurement
• Electricity - kilowatt (kW) kilowatt-hour(kWh)
• Natural Gas - cubic foot, therm, Dth
• Fuel Oil - gallon
• LPG - gallon
• Water Sewer CF, HCF, Kgals.

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Energy Fundamentals

• British Thermal Unit, Btu
• 1 Btu Heat required to raise the temperature
  of 1 pound of water by 1 degree F
• 
  or
• 
  1 match
• Common thermal unit in most building energy
  analyses

1lb. Water
Raised 1 degree Fahrenheit
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Energy FundamentalsThermal Values

• Natural Gas
• 1 Cubic Foot 950 to 1150 Btu
• 1 CCF 100 Cubic Feet
• 1 MCF 1,000 Cubic Feet
• 1 Therm 100,000 Btu
• 1 CCF is approx 1 Therm
• Fuel Oil
• Kerosene 134,000 Btu/Gallon
• Number 2 140,000 Btu/Gallon
• Number 6 152,000 Btu/Gallon
• Propane
• LPG 91,600 to 95,000 Btu/Gallon

• Steam
• 10 PSIG 1000 Btu/Lb.
• 100 PSIG 1100 Btu/Lb.
• Coal
• Lignite 11,000 Btu/Lb.
• Bituminous 14,000 Btu/Lb.
• Electricity
• 1 kW 1000 Watts
• 1 kWh 3413 Btu
• Miscellaneous
• Wood 8,500 Btu/Lb
• U235 75,000,000 Btu/gram