Chapter 9 DNA: The Genetic Material Read 192-198 Demo model (student race) Lab Activity from Binder DNA and RNA Crossword puzzle - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Chapter 9 DNA: The Genetic Material Read 192-198 Demo model (student race) Lab Activity from Binder DNA and RNA Crossword puzzle

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Title: Chapter 9 DNA: The Genetic Material Read 192-198 Demo model (student race) Lab Activity from Binder DNA and RNA Crossword puzzle


1
Chapter 9DNA The Genetic MaterialRead
192-198Demo model (student race) Lab Activity
from Binder DNA and RNA Crossword puzzle
2
Vocabulary ( )
  • anticodon
  • codon
  • base sequence
  • genetic code
  • RNA polymerase
  • transcription
  • translation
  • restriction enzyme
  • DNA replication
  • ribosomal RNA

3
Introduction
  • Cells come from existing cells the cell theory
  • Like produces like dogs produce pups not
    kittens
  • But how???????
  • Heredity- transmission of traits from one
    generation to the next
  • Genetics- the science of heredity usually dealing
    with the molecular basis

4
I. HISTORY
  • chromosomes were observed for many years since
    1850
  • colored bodies- selectively absorbed stain
  • composition determined- protein and nucleic acid
  • How did they fit together?
  • James Watson (American) and Francis Crick
    (British)
  • Proposed model of DNA and chromosomes DOUBLE
    HELIX
  • Won the Nobel Prize in 1953 in Physiology

5
II. DNA
  • A. Structure (handout from binder)
  • Nucleotide
  • Phosphate group Sugar Nitrogen base

6
Processes Involving DNA
  • Semi-conservative Replication
  • See Handout 1 (pg. 105 in NB)
  • DNA ? DNA
  • Enzyme involvement
  • Unzipping- DNA helicases
  • Uniting- DNA polymerase
  • proofreading

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  • Transcription (DNA code is converted to RNA
    code)
  • See Handout 2 (pg. 106)
  • DNA ? RNA

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Contrasting DNA and RNA
  • RNA
  • 1 strand
  • Ribose
  • Exits nucleus
  • Bases
  • AUGC (uracil)
  • A-U
  • G-C
  • DNA
  • 2 strands
  • Deoxyribose
  • Remains in Nucleus
  • Bases
  • ATCG (thymine)
  • A-T
  • G-C

Chargraffs Ratio C G A T
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3 Types of RNA
  • mRNA (messenger)- carries instructions for making
    proteins from a gene and delivers to site of
    translation
  • RNA ? proteins
  • (nucleotides) translation (amino acids)
  • RNA instructions series of 3 nucleotide
    sequence on mRNA called a codon
  • each codon corresponds to an amino acid
    (start/stop codon)

19
  • tRNA (transfer)- carry specific amino acid on
    one end.
  • Compact shape
  • Carries anticodon (compliment to mRNA codon)
  • rRNA (ribosomal)- Structural material. Along
    with protein composes a ribosome.

20
How Proteins are made Ch. 10 (read 205-212)
  • Translation (protein synthesis)
  • 1. Begins when mRNA leaves the nucleus and
    enters the cytoplasm.
  • 2. tRNA brings the amino acid
  • -when tRNA brings each
  • new aa it bonds with
  • the adjacent aa
  • (peptide bond)

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  • After amino acids have bonded, the tRNA leaves.
  • Continues until STOP codon
  • Protein synthesis is done
  • New protein is released

25
PROTEINS HAVE DEFINATE SHAPES. IF THE SHAPES
CHANGE THEY WONT FUNCTION PROPERLY
26
  • DNA code TGA ______________
    _______________
  • mRNA codon _____________ UCU ______________
    _
  • tRNA anticodon_____________
    ________________ _______________
  • Amino acid ____________
    ______________ tryptophan

27
  • DNA code CAT ______________
    _______________
  • mRNA codon _____________ GUU ______________
    _
  • tRNA anticodon_____________
    ________________ _______________
  • Amino acid ____________
    ______________ methionine

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CP Biology Article Presentation
  • 4-5 minute summary of article summary
  • DO NOT READ FROM THE SUMMARY you can use note
    cards if you want
  • You need at least one visual that will help
    illustrate points that you are making in your
    presentation posters, powerpoints (4-6
    slides.Be creative!
  • If you do not do this correctly, you will have to
    redo this in front of the classdo it right the
    first time!
  • Start after the test on DNA approximately Jan.
    17th
  • Dress appropriately for giving a presentation

32
TEST THURSDAY Test Topics
  • Notes on DNA/RNA
  • Vocab 59-68
  • Reading 192-198, 205-212
  • Semi Conservative Replication, Transcription and
    Translation Handouts in Binder that we colored
  • DNA/RNA Lab
  • Crossword, Text Questions 200,220

33
NOTEBOOK CONTENTS2nd Quarter Notebook Check
  • Daily Work
  • Too hot Not to Handle
  • Ecosystems WS
  • CH 18 WS pg 57
  • CH 19 WS Human Impact
  • Ch 2 Chem of Life
  • Biochem Crossword
  • Enzyme WS
  • Labs
  • Pred/Prey LabBat Graph
  • -Beano Lab/Graph
  • Enzyme Computer Lab
  • (not in 2011)
  • Cover Sheet
  • Assignment Sheet
  • Grade Sheet w/
  • Vocabulary 22 (primary prod.) - 58 (microvilli)
  • Notes
  • Systems
  • Life Processes (Digestive System pg 83-85) Teeth
    lab

THIS IS 10 OF YOUR QUARTER GRADE!!!
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