Small Animal Hindlimb

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Small Animal Hindlimb

• Nicholas P. Urbanek, BVMS, MRCVS

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Hindlimb
3
Pelvis

• Common Views
• Lateral
• Ventral Dorsal (VD) extended leg
• VD frog leg

4
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

5
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

6
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

7
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

8
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

9
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

10
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

11
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

12
Pelvis VD, extended leg

• Ilium
• Pubis
• Head of the femur
• Greater trochanter
• Ischium
• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Obturator foremen
• Acetabulum
• Sacroiliac joint

13
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

14
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

15
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

16
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

17
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

18
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

19
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

20
Pelvis Lateral

• Ilium crest, wing, spine and body
• Sacrum
• Coxofemoral joint
• Acetabulum
• Head of the femur
• Obturator foramen

• Ischiatic tuberosity
• Femur
• Iliopubic eminence
• Lumbar vertebra

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Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
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Hip dysplasia and DJD
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Capital physeal fracture
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Femur

• Lateral
• Cranial caudal (CC)

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur - CC

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Greater trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Epicondyle
• Condyle

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Femur

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Condyles

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Femur

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Condyles

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Femur

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Condyles

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Femur

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Condyles

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Femur

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Condyles

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Femur

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Condyles

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Femur

• Femur head neck
• Lesser trochanter
• Trochanteric fossa
• Diaphysis of femur
• Patella
• Fabella
• Condyles

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Pelvic and Femur Fractures
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Panosteitis
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Stifle Joint

• Lateral
• CC

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Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

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Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

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Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

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Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

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Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

49
Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

50
Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

51
Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

52
Stifle - Lateral

• Patella apex and base
• Trochlear ridge
• Patellar ligament
• Infrapatellar fat pad
• Tibial tuberosity
• Tibia
• Fibula head and body
• Fabella
• Intercondylar eminence

53
Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

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Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

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Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

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Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

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Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

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Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

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Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

60
Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

61
Stifle - CC

• Patella apex and base
• Fabella
• Epicondyles of the femur
• Condyles of the femur
• Intercondyloid fossa
• Condyles of the tibia
• Intercondylar eminence
• Tibial crest (cranial border)
• Fibula head and body

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Stifle DJD and effusion
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Luxating Petella
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Tibia and Fibula

• Lateral
• CC

65
Tibia and Fibula Lateral
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Tibia and Fibula - CC
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Osteosarcoma
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Tarsus

• Lateral (or flexed lateral)
• CC

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Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

70
Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

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Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

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Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

73
Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

74
Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

75
Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

76
Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

77
Tarsus (flexed lateral)

• Tuber calcanei
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 1st metatarsal bone
• Metatarsal bones 2-5
• Tarsometatarsal joints
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus

78
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

79
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

80
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

81
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

82
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

83
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

84
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

85
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

86
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

87
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

88
Tarsus DP

• Tuber calcanei
• Lateral malleolus of fibia
• Calcaneus
• 4th tarsal bone
• 5 th 2nd metatarsal bones
• 1st metatarsal bone
• 3rd tarsal bone
• Central tarsal bone
• Talus
• Trochlear ridges
• Medial malleolus

89
Tarsus DP Joints

• Tibiatarsal joint
• Proximal intertarsal joint
• Distal intertarsal joint
• Tarsometatarsal joint

90
Tarsus DP Joints

• Tibiatarsal joint
• Proximal intertarsal joint
• Distal intertarsal joint
• Tarsometatarsal joint

91
Tarsus DP Joints

• Tibiatarsal joint
• Proximal intertarsal joint
• Distal intertarsal joint
• Tarsometatarsal joint

92
Tarsus DP Joints

• Tibiatarsal joint
• Proximal intertarsal joint
• Distal intertarsal joint
• Tarsometatarsal joint

93
Tarsal Luxation
94
Metatarsals and Digits

• Lateral
• Dorsal plantar (DP)

95
Metatarsals and Digits Lateral
96
Metatarsals and Digits - DP