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Medieval Time Period

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King Edward the Confessor Got his name because he built Westminster Abbey Ruled England for 23 years Had no heirs when he died Edward s death left a 3 way fight for ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Medieval Time Period


1
Medieval Time Period
2
King Edward the Confessor
  • Got his name because he built Westminster Abbey
  • Ruled England for 23 years
  • Had no heirs when he died

3
Edwards death left a 3 way fight for the throne
  • Harold Godwinson
  • Advisor to Edward
  • Brother-in-law to Edward
  • Becomes the last Anglo-Saxon King

4
Harald Hardrada
  • King of Norway
  • Had an agreement with the king (Harthacut) before
    Edward
  • If either of them died, the other could have
    their throne.
  • King Harthacut dies, but Hardrada is busy at home
    and doesnt take the throne
  • Now he wants the throne

5
William, Duke of Normandy
  • Distant cousin to Edward
  • Claims Edward said he
  • would by his successor
  • Claims Godwinson swore to
  • support him
  • Pope excommunicated Godwinson.

6
The Normans
  • Descendants of the Vikings
  • Settled in Northwestern France

7
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8
Battle of Hastings
  • William the Conqueror invades England
  • Marches to Hastings
  • Battles King Harold Godwinson
  • Defeats Harold
  • Most of the Saxon
  • aristocrats die.

9
Norman Rule
  • William ruled England for 21 years
  • William seized the land and turned it over to his
    Norman followers
  • 1066 brought the largest change of land ownership
    in the history of England.

10
Feudalism
  • Caste System
  • Property System
  • Military System
  • Based on a religious concept of hierarchy
  • William stands at the top of the pyramid
  • He gives land to his overlords
  • They give land to their vassals
  • Vassals have landless knights
  • Serfs were at the bottom

11
Domesday Book
  • Inventory of land, cattle, buildings

12
Power of Feudal System Undermined
  • Absolute power of king eroded
  • King John is forced to sign Magna Carta in 1215
  • Document stating that the king cant ax the
    barons without their consent
  • Basis for English constitutional law
  • 3 laws that were developed from it
  • Trial by jury, legislative taxation, habeas corpus

13
Knights
  • One of three types of fighting men

14
Knights were covered in layers of armor
15
It was very expensive to be a knight armor and
horses were very costly.
16
Foot Soldiers
  • These soldiers fought on foot

17
Archers
18
Steps to become a knight
  • Son of a knight
  • Began to strengthen body
  • Learned how to fight with spear and sword

19
  • Rode horses
  • Practiced against a quintain
  • Taught to read and write
  • Taught to sing and dance

20
At age 15/16 the boy became a squire
  • A squire was in service to a knight
  • He helped to dress the knight
  • Served the knights meals
  • Cared for the knights horse
  • Cleaned the knights armor
  • Assisted in tournaments
  • Learned how to handle a sword while wearing 40
    pound of armor.

21
Chivalry
  • Chivalry- the sum of the ideal qualifications of
    a knight
  • the rules and customs of medieval knighthood
  • Codes of Chivalry
  • Promised to defend weak
  • Serve God
  • Shouldnt Boast
  • Be courteous to women
  • Be humble
  • Give mercy to vanquished enemy
  • Always act with honor
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