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Phylum Cnidaria

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Phylum Cnidaria The Stinging Celled animals Kingdom Animalia Approx. 11,000 species * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Cnidarian Habitat All live in ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Phylum Cnidaria


1
Phylum Cnidaria
  • The Stinging Celled animals
  • Kingdom Animalia
  • Approx. 11,000 species

2
Cnidarian Habitat
  • All live in water -aquatic
  • Most live in saltwater - marine
  • Few are freshwater ex. Hydra

3
Cnidarian Movement
  • Some can move
  • (motile)
  • Some cannot move
  • (non-motile)

4
General Cnidarian Info
  • All are consumers
  • They get food with stinging cells
  • Cnidocytes
  • Cnidocytes cover the tentacles only
  • Prey is captured in tentacles stung to death
  • When prey is dead it is stuffed into the gut

5
Diagram of Nematocyst
6
General Cnidarian Info
  • What do they eat?
  • Depends on the size
  • Fish, worms, microorganisms, etc
  • Cnidarians are Chunk Feeders
  • Not filter feeders like sponges

7
Body Forms
  • Polyp tube with tentacles
    pointing up
  • Often sessile (attached)
  • Medusa umbrella with
  • tentacles hanging down
  • Often float or use jet propulsion

8
Symmetry
  • Radial symmetry (wheel-like body plan)
  • No head/tail or front/back

9
Cnidarian Body Structure
  • Inner Wall (Endoderm)
  • 3 kinds of cells
  • Cells that make digestive enzymes
  • Cells with flagella to circulate fresh water from
    outside
  • Cells that contain partially digested food which
    is absorbed into the body
  • Outer wall - Ectoderm skin layer for protection
  • Middle Jelly layer - mesoglea
  • contains nerve net
  • Hollow gut Gastrovascular cavity

10
Cnidarian Reproduction
  • Reproduction sexual or asexual
  • Sexual two parents - Sperm Egg
  • Asexual one parent - budding

11
Coelenterate Examples
  • Jellyfish, Portuguese Man-of-War, Sea Anemone,
    Coral, Hydra

12
Jellyfish
  • Named for thick layer of mesoglea
  • Body form Medusa
  • Size from a few mm to a few meters
  • Dangerous Examples
  • Sea Wasp Jellyfish
  • Box Jellyfish

13
Jellyfish Pictures
14
Portuguese Man-of-War
  • Looks like a floating plastic bag
  • Body form Colonial
  • Some polyp
  • Some medusa
  • Size from a few cm to over 1 meter

15
Portuguese Man-of-War
  • Some are dangerous to humans, possibly even deadly

16
Sea Anemone
  • Named for a flower
  • Body form polyp
  • Size from a few cm to over 1 meter
  • Mostly non-motile, but some can glide slowly

17
Sea Anemone
  • Many species live with a clownfish this is a
    Mutualistic Relationship
  • The fish gets protection
  • The anemone gets food lured by the brightly
    colored fish

18
Coral
  • All are non-motile
  • Body form Polyp
  • Size rarely larger than 1 mm
  • Protection build a crater of limestone around
    body

19
Coral
  • Coral reefs
  • Largest Coral Reef
  • Great Barrier Reef in Australia

20
Hydra
  • All live in freshwater
  • Body form polyp
  • Size max. ½ inch
  • Move by gliding, somersaulting, floating

21
Comparing Sponges Coelenterates
  • Number () of Species
  • Habitat
  • Symmetry
  • Feeding
  • Reproduction
  • Movement

22
Comparing Sponges CoelenteratesNumber () of
Species
  • Sponges
  • Approx. 5,000
  • Coelenterates
  • Approx. 11, 000

23
Comparing Sponges CoelenteratesHabitat
  • Sponges
  • Mostly saltwater (marine)
  • Some freshwater
  • Coelenterates
  • Mostly saltwater (marine)
  • Some freshwater

24
Comparing Sponges CoelenteratesSymmetry
  • Sponges
  • Radial (wheel-like)
  • Coelenterates
  • Radial (wheel-like)

25
Comparing Sponges CoelenteratesFeeding Habits
  • Sponges
  • Filter Feeders
  • Bacteria, algae, protozoans
  • Coelenterates
  • Chunk Feeders
  • Fish, worms, some microorganisms

26
Comparing Sponges CoelenteratesReproduction
  • Sponges
  • Sexual sperm egg
  • Asexual budding
  • regeneration
  • gemmules
  • Coelenterates
  • Sexual sperm egg
  • Asexual - budding

27
Comparing Sponges CoelenteratesMovement
  • Sponges
  • All sessile (non-motile)
  • Coelenterates
  • Some motile
  • Some sessile
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