Title: Degree of Comparison There are three kinds of comparison: 1. Positive degree 2. Comparative degree 3. Superlative degree
1Degree of ComparisonThere are three kinds of
comparison1. Positive degree2. Comparative
degree3. Superlative degree
2- Positive Degree
- ? is used o compare two thinks that are equal.
- The pattern
- S to be as adj as
- S verb as adv as
- Examples
- My book is as interesting as yours
- His car runs as fast as a race car
- Their house is as big as that one
3- 2. Comparative Degree
- ? is used to compare two things that are not
equal. -
- The Pattern for 1 syllable
- S to be adj er than
- S verb adv er than
- Examples
- Today is hotter than yesterday
- Bill runs faster than Bob
- This exercise is easier than the last one
- Andi works harder than his brother
-
4-
- The pattern for more than two syllables
- S to be more adj than
- S verb more adv than
- Examples
- This red dress is more comfortable than the white
- He speaks Spanish more fluently than I
- This years exhibit is more impressive than the
last years - He visits his family more frequently than she
does
5- 3. Superlative Degree
- ? is used to compare one thing with two or more
other things. - The pattern for 1 syllable
- S to be the adj est
- S verb the adv est
- Examples
- John is the tallest boy in the family
- 2. He works the hardest employee of all the
employee in this office.
6-
- The pattern for more than two syllables
- S to be the most adj
- S verb the most adv
- Examples
- That was the most boring film I have ever seen
- Sally dances the most gracefully of all the
participant - NOTE
- Use the form more adjective for adjective
ending in the - following suffixes -ed, -ful, -ing, -ish and
ous (more - useful, more boring, more cautious)
- When an adjective ends in a consonant y,
change the y - to i and add er or - est (happy-happier/ the
happiest, dry-drier/the - driest) and for some, - ow and add er or
-est (handsomer/the - handsomest, narrower/the narrowest)
7POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE
Bad Far Good Well Little much/many Worse Farther Further Better Better Less more The worst The Farthest The Furthest The best the best The least The most
8- For examples
- 1. His behavior is as bad (bad) as his brothers.
- 2. New York has the most (many) tall buildings of
any city in the world - 3. She knits as good (good) as her mother
- 4. Alisa plays the violin better (good) than the
other violinist
9- Exercises
- You can tell Harris about it just ____(easily) as
I can. - That tall woman is _____ (ambitious) secretary in
this house. - Pierre understands English _____ (little) of all
the students - He plays guitar _____ (well) as Andre Segovia.
- Nobody is _______ (happy) than Maria Elen
- Brazil export ____ (much) coffee of all the
American countries
10Passive Voice
11BACKGROUND
- Sentences can be written or spoken in the active
or passive voice. Active sentence is the sentence
where the subject is doing the work, by contrast,
passive sentences are sentences where the subject
is the object of the sentence imposed by the job.
121. PRESENT FORM
ACTIVE SETENCE CHANGE INTO PASSIVE SETENCE
- Example
- John bites Marry (active)
- Marry is bitten by John (Passive)
AKTIF S V1 O PASIF S To be (is,am,are)
V3 by_
132. PAST FORM
- AKTIF S V2 O
- PASIF S be(was/were ) V3 by_
- Contoh
- John bit Mary (active)
- Mary was bitten by John (passive)
143. CONTINOUS FORM
- Example
- John is biting Marry (active)
- Marry is being bitten by John (Passive)
AKTIF S To be V-ing O PASIF S To be
being V3 by
154. PERFECT FORM
AKTIF S To be (has/have/had) V3 O PASIF S
To be (has/have/had ) been V3 by
- Example
- John has bitten Marry (active)
- Marry has been bitten by John (Passive)
165. FUTURE FORM
AKTIF S will V1 O PASIF S will(
be)inf V3 by_
- Example
- John will bite Mary(active)
- Marry will bitten by John (Passive)
17 The Conversion from Active Form to Passive Form
Active Passive
Present She washes her dresses. She is washing her dresses. She has washing her dresses. Her dresses are washed. Her dresses are being washed. Her dresses have been washed.
Past She washed her dresses. She was washing her dresses. She had washed her dresses. Her dresses were washed. Her dresses were being washed. Her dresses have been washed.
Continous She is washing her dresses. Her dresses is being washed.
Perfect She has washed her dresses. Her dresses has been washed.
Future She will wash her dresses. Her dresses will be washed.
18KETERANGAN
- Untuk mengubah kalimat aktif menjadi kalimat
pasif adalah sebagai berikut - Tenses kalimat pasif sama dengan tense kalimat
aktif - Subjek dalam kalimat pasif berasal dari objek
kalimat aktif - Objek dalam kalimat pasif berasal dari subjek
kalimat aktif - Verb/kata kerja dalam kalimat aktif berupa
menjadi to be V3 atau to be being V3
19Form of Passive
Subject finite form of to be Past Participle
- Example A letter was written
- When rewriting active sentences in passive voice,
note the following - the object of the active sentence becomes the
subject of the passive sentence - the finite form of the verb is changed (to be
past participle) - the subject of the active sentence becomes the
object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)
20Use of Passive
- Passive voice is used when the focus is on the
action. It is not important or not known,
however, who or what is performing the action.
21FINISHThank You
22Any Questions?